Mud (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the von Maetsch
Zürcher coat of arms around 1340

Matsch , other spellings also Maetsch , Mätsch , Metsch or Mazzo (Italian) is an old Swiss - Austrian noble family . The origin is unclear, either from the upper Valtellina from the place Mazzo or as a sideline of the Lords of Tarasp . The ancestral seat of the Lords of Matsch were the castles Ober- and Untermatsch in the Matscher valley . Later they conquered the Churburg near Schluderns in Vinschgau and made it their ancestral home. At times, the Lords of Matsch were one of the most powerful aristocratic families in the Vinschgau Valley and in what is now Graubünden.

history

The aristocratic rule in today's Canton of Graubünden in the middle of the 14th century

The Matsch family was first recorded in documents around the middle of the 12th century. A certain Egino I. von Matsch (* approx. 1160) is considered to be the founder of the family. The Matscher acted as bailiffs over the monasteries Marienberg in Burgeis and St. Johann in Müstair . The muds are therefore often referred to as the governors of mud. Later they also acquired the bailiwicks over the subjects of the bishop of Chur in Vinschgau, Münstertal, in the Lower Engadine and in the Poschiavo. With the bishops of Chur , whose ministerials were the Matsch, the Matsch were almost constantly in feud .

The intrinsic goods of Matscher were in Vinschgau , Valtellina , Münstertal , Poschiavo (mines) and to Tarasp . In the 13th and 14th centuries, they came into the possession of the Vaduz rule as pledge . They were also able to take possession of the castles and lordships of Reichenberg , Ramosch , Ardez , Greifenstein , Alt-Süns in Domleschg and Klingenhorn near Malans. In 1338 they took over the courts of Schiers and Castels in the Prättigau . A long-standing dispute between the Counts of Toggenburg and the Matschern about the share of power in the two courts could only be settled through the marriage of Elisabeth von Matsch with Count Friedrich VII of Toggenburg . The marriage dragged the Matsch into the Old Zurich War . In 1348 the mud lost the bailiffs over Chiavenna , Bormio and the Poschiavo to the Duchy of Milan.

Like many other noble families in Graubünden, the Matschers were constantly involved in feuds and conflicts with other sexes and the bishops of Chur.

Ulrich IV. Von Matsch came to the County of Kirchberg near Ulm through his wife in 1366 and therefore carried the title of Count of Kirchberg. At the time they called themselves Vogt von Matsch . From this Ulrich on, several of the Matsch provincial governors of Tyrol were , the last representative of the family, Gaudenz von Matsch (1436–1504), was one of the councilors of Archduke Siegmund von Habsburg , the regent of Tyrol and Upper Austria. In 1487 he fell out of favor and lost his property as a refugee through confiscation and pledging.

Most of the mud possessions in what is now South Tyrol fell to the Barons von Trapp .

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the bailiffs von Matsch
Scheibler'sches Wappenbuch
1450–1480

The coat of arms of those von Matsch shows three transverse (2: 1) blue eagle wings in silver . On the helmet with red and silver covers a red and silver inverted horn with fetters in confused colors. It can be found under the original spelling "MAeTSCH" on the Zurich coat of arms.

Tribe list of the mud

Descent (among others after Justinian Ladurner ):

  1. Hartwig I. von Matsch († after 1167).
    1. Ulrich I. von Matsch (* 1161).
      1. Arnold von Matsch († 1221), Bishop of Chur (from 1209/10).
    2. Egino I. Vogt von Matsch and the Marienberg Monastery (1160–1192); Ancestor of the governors of Matsch.
      1. Egino II. Vogt von Matsch and Marienberg, (* 1189; † 25 Nov. 1238) ∞ Adelheid von Wangen, daughter of Albero von Wangen.
        1. Hartwig II. Vogt von Matsch and Marienberg (* 1214; † December 20, 1249) ∞ Sophie von Moosburg.
          1. Albero I. Vogt von Matsch (* 1242; † January 10, 1280) ∞ Sophie von Velturns († after August 10, 1308), daughter of Hugo von Velturns and Elisabeth von Eppan († 1273); their father was Ulrich, Count of Eppan († after 1233) from the noble family of Eppan .
            1. Ulrich II. Vogt von Matsch (1273–1328) ∞ Margaretha von Vaz († after 1343), daughter of Walter V. Herr von Vaz (from the family of the Barons von Vaz ), and the Liukarde von Kirchberg († May 24, 1326 ); whose parents were Eberhard III. Count of Kirchberg († before 1283) and Uta von Neuffen (from the family of the Lords of Neuffen ).
              1. Offmei Utehild von Matsch (* 1301; † after 1353) ∞ Albert II. Count of Gorizia († 1327).
              2. Ulrich III. Vogt of Marienberg and Chur, pledger of Vaduz and zu Greifenstein († 25th October 1366) ∞ Adelheid von Werdenberg († 1365) from the Alpeck branch of the Counts of Werdenberg-Sargans .
                1. Ulrich IV. Vogt von Matsch and first Count of Kirchberg (1349–1402), Governor of Tyrol 1361–1363 ∞ ​​Agnes Countess von Kirchberg († 1401).
                  1. Ulrich V. († 1396) ∞ Cunigunde Countess of Monfort-Tetnang.
                    1. Ulrich VII. (1396–1431), Governor of Tyrol 1410–1411 and 1429–1431.
                    2. Wilhelm († 1429), ducal. Governor of Trient 1408, Governor of Tyrol 1417–1429.
                  2. Johann II. († 1397) ∞ Margareth, baroness of Rhäzüns.
                    1. Ulrich VIII. (1396–1461), Governor of Tyrol 1431–1448, 1446–1448 also court master Hof Teela von Freundsberg († 1439).
                  3. Elisabeth († after 1443) ∞ Friedrich VII. Count of Toggenburg († 1436).
                  4. Ulrich VI. Count von Matsch († 1444) ∞ Barbara von Starkenberg († 1425); Daughter of Sigmund von Starkenberg († 1401) and Osanna von Ems († after 1418) († 1407), granddaughter of the knight Ulrich I von Ems from the house of the Lords of Ems and a daughter from the Schellenberg family .
                    1. Ulrich IX. Count von Kirchberg and Matsch (1419–1489), Governor of Tyrol 1471–1476 ∞ Agnes Countess von Kirchberg-Udalriching and Werdenberg-Sargans (4th great-granddaughter of the above-mentioned Eberhard III von Kirchberg and Uta von Neuffen).
                      1. Gaudenz von Matsch (1436–1504), governor of Tyrol 1478–1482, court master and field captain in the Venetian War of 1486; last male offspring of the mud.

Important representatives

literature

  • Justinian Ladurner, Die Vögte von Matsch, later also Count von Kirchberg , in: Journal of the Ferdinandeum for Tyrol and Vorarlberg, 1st abbot: Issue 16 (1871), pp. 5–292; 2nd section: Issue 17 (1872), pp. 1-235; 3rd section: Booklet 18 (1874), pp. 7-158

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ P. Justinian Ladurner: Die Vögte von Matsch, later also Count zu Kirchberg
  2. ↑ Since she was his widow and heir, she can only have died after 1436, in 1442 she is said to have retired to the Rüti monastery, in 1443 it is mentioned that she had to flee from the Rüti monastery to Rapperswil. Christian Sieber: The father dead, the house burned. The Old Zurich War from the Victims' Point of View in the City and Landscape of Zurich , in: Peter Niederhäuser - Christian Sieber (Ed.): A "war of brothers" makes history. New approaches to the Old Zurich War (= communications from the Antiquarian Society in Zurich 73), Zurich 2006, p. 76.
  3. ↑ Notes on Osanna von Ems and Starkenberg in Ute Monika Schwob: "Mistresses" in Tyrolean sources. On the legal and social position of noble women in the Middle Ages , in: Egon Kühebacher (Hrsg.): Literature and fine arts in the Tyrolean Middle Ages. The Iwein frescos by Rodenegg and other evidence of the interaction between literature and the fine arts (= Innsbruck contributions to cultural studies. Germanistic series 15), Innsbruck 1982, p. 171f.