Gaudenz von Matsch

Gaudenz von Matsch , also Gaudenz von Mätsch (* around 1436, † 1504), Count of Kirchberg , was a nobleman from the Matscher family .

Life

Gaudenz's year of birth is not documented. “But if you consider that Ulrich IX. and his wife Agnes married in 1435, but Gaudenz already took part in a tournament in 1454, so the same can at least approximately be established ”. One suspects 1436 as the likely year of birth. His parents were Ulrich IX. Count of Matsch (1419–1481; Count of Kirchberg and Governor of Tyrol) and Agnes Countess of Kirchberg († 1472; Countess of Werdenberg-Sargans ).

In descriptions, Gaudenz can be found “more as an affable, chivalrous and brave Junker than as a distant and smooth courtier ”. Through his upbringing at the court of Sigmund of Austria , he had traveled a lot from a young age, learned to deal with large society and took part in knightly fighting games.

The division of power in Graubünden

Gaudenz's home and ancestral castle were the Upper Vinschgau and the Churburg , which had been owned by the Matscher since 1297. He began his political activity in the administration of the family property in the Prättigau at Castels Castle . Financial bottlenecks and the calculation to be weighed up by Archduke Sigmund, caused Gaudenz to cede parts of his property to him and only exercise the care over them. On June 30, 1478 Sigmund made him captain on the Adige and burgrave in Tyrol . Until 1482 he was in the service of Sigmund at his court and on trips to the embassy. On June 22nd, 1482 he had to resign from the main team on the Adige because of exceeding competencies.

He went into the service of the Duke of Milan. Contact to this had already existed since 1479, when he had married Hippolyta, the daughter of the Milanese Chancellor Cecco Simonetta. But as early as 1485 he was active again at Sigmund's court, was appointed archducal chief steward the following year and on March 5, 1487 he was given the authority of Feldkirch. During the campaign against Venice in 1487 , he was the chief field captain in the capture of the Venetian fortress of Rovereto (May 30, 1487). In the same year he was designated by King Maximilian as governor and governor of all of Sigmund's lands in the event that Sigmund should die childless .

From August 15, 1487, only 5 days after the Battle of Calliano , his overthrow took place in connection with the affair of the so-called "Evil Councilors", which was led by Emperor Friedrich III. and King Maximilian were held responsible for the treasonable sale of Habsburg property to the dukes of Bavaria.

Gaudenz withdrew to his remaining possessions in Graubünden. Like the other exiled councils, he sought the support of the Confederation to lift the ban and regain their possessions. These disputes, in the specific case of Gaudenz von Matsch, the situation in Vinschgau and Prättigau, ultimately led to the Swabian War .

He was the father of three illegitimate daughters and one illegitimate son. He married two of these half-countesses in 1488 into influential families from Glarus: Margaretha von Matsch became the wife of Hans Tschudi, son of the Landammann of the same name , and Barbara von Matsch became the wife of Hans Stucki (son of the panner Rudolf Stucki). The illegitimate son was the father of the famous astronomer and mathematician Joachim Georg Rheticus and was executed as Feldkirch's city doctor in 1528.

Gaudenz died in 1504 as the last of his line. The Trapp family took over the Matscher inheritance, which was initially controversial.

particularities

The pilgrimage report by Friderich Steigerwallder, dated 1576, about Gaudenz's adventurous pilgrimage to Jerusalem in 1470 is in the archive of the Churburg in Vinschgau .

literature

• Friedrich Hegi: The outlawed councilors of Archduke Sigmund of Austria and their relations with Switzerland 1487-1499 . Innsbruck 1910 ( archive.org ).
• Gino Onestinghel: La guerra tra Sigismondo Conte del Tirolo e la Repubblica di Venezia nel 1487 , Comune di Calliano 1989.
• Franz J. Stucki: The history of the Stucki families. Ed. Stucki, Horw LU, 1974; 5 volumes. Volume 1, pp. 109-115.
• Mariano Welber: La battaglia di Calliano 10 agosto 1487. Cronaca desunta dalle fonti narrative , Comune di Calliano 1987.

Web links

• The Churburg

Footnotes

1. ↑ Surname since 1366, Hegi: Die Gesächteten Räte, p. 10 with reference to other sources
2. ^ Josef Hofer: Gaudenz von Matsch and the dishes in Prättigau. Conditions, legal relationships and documentary traditions about the exercise of rule by Gaudenz von Matsch , phil. Diss. Innsbruck 1974, 14.
3. ↑ Werner Kreuer: Diary of the Holy Land trip of Count Gaudenz von Kirchberg, Vogt von Matsch / South Tyrol in 1470. Editing and commentary on the travel report written by his servant Friderich Steigerwallder. Essen geographic works 20. Paderborn 1990, 19.
4. ^ Josef Hofer: Gaudenz von Matsch and the dishes in Prättigau. Conditions, legal relationships and documentary traditions about the exercise of rule by Gaudenz von Matsch , phil. Dissertation Innsbruck 1974, 17.
5. ^ Josef Hofer: Gaudenz von Matsch and the dishes in Prättigau. Conditions, legal relationships and documentary traditions about the exercise of rule by Gaudenz von Matsch , phil. Dissertation Innsbruck 1974, 16-17.
6. ↑ Werner Kreuer: Diary of the Heilig Land trip of Count Gaudenz von Kirchberg, Vogt von Matsch / South Tyrol in 1470. Editing and commentary on the travelogue written by his servant Friderich Steigerwallder. Essen Geographical Works 20. Paderborn 1990, 16.
7. ↑ so-called "Claus Ringen Handel", Hegi: Geächtete Räte, p. 12
8. ↑ Hegi: Prohibited Councilors, p. 12f.
9. ↑ currently still dealt with in the Werdenbergfehde article . A separate article is in progress
10. ↑ Manfred Tschaikner :: The Feldkirch doctor Dr. Georg Iserin von Matzo (+1528) - an illegitimate son of Bailiff Gaudenz von Matsch . In: Montfort . tape 1 . F. Cohen ,, 2016, p. 5–10 ( academia.edu [accessed August 22, 2018]).
11. ^ Josef Rampold : Vinschgau. Landscape, past and present on the upper reaches of the Adige. South Tyrolean regional studies in individual volumes 1. Bozen 1997, 282.