Alt-Schauenburg ruins
Alt-Schauenburg ruins | ||
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Alt-Schauenburg from the south: shield wall and access area (March 2010) |
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Creation time : | 1275/1280 | |
Castle type : | Höhenburg, spur location | |
Conservation status: | preserved remains of the wall | |
Construction: | Stone construction | |
Place: | Chleiflüeli | |
Geographical location | 47 ° 29 '44 " N , 7 ° 40' 23.7" E | |
Height: | 640 m above sea level M. | |
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The Alt-Schauenburg ruin is the younger of the two Schauenburg castles west of Frenkendorf in the Swiss canton of Basel-Landschaft .
location
The ruins of the Spornburg are at 640 m above sea level. M. on the Chleiflüeli, a rock head adjacent to the Schauenburgflue, around 500 meters west of Schauenburg Bad. On the eastern, southern and northern sides, vertical rock faces form obstacles that can hardly be overcome. The head of the rock has two vertical cracks that existed before the castle was built (and not first created in the Basel earthquake in 1356 ).
investment
The core of the castle is surrounded in the south, west and partly also in the north by a neck ditch which partially expanded existing natural rock formations. The quarry activity, which, like most of the time, also served to extract building material, is still clearly visible today. Access is on the southwest corner. The complex is dominated by the up to four meters thick shield wall on the west side, which is closed off by a round corner riser at the north-west and south-west corner .
Behind the shield wall there were two living rooms, both of which have ground level entrances from the castle courtyard.
In the northeast corner of the inner castle is a rectangular pit (partially walled) cut out of the rock, which was used either as a cellar or as a filter cistern .
To the west of the main castle, traces of an outer castle - consisting of two wooden houses (possibly an economic building) - were discovered. In contrast to the main castle, this was only (or only) very weakly protected with palisades .
history
The settlement of the Alt-Schauenburg began according to the excavations around 1275 to 1280 and was part of the expansion of the clearing zone Schauenburg. This makes the Alt-Schauenburg the younger of the two Schauenburgs.
The use of the castle ended in 1356 with the Basel earthquake. Obviously, the benefits and costs of repairing the damage, especially taking into account the nearby Neu-Schauenburg , were classified as unfavorable, and so Alt-Schauenburg Castle was abandoned while Neu-Schauenburg was repaired. This led to the misleading naming in Alt- and Neu-Schauenburg: The term "old" referred to the state of preservation (old = broken) after the earthquake.
The ruins fell into oblivion, because all goods and rights were evidently linked to the Neu-Schauenburg. Only soundings between 1949 and 1954 showed the location of the ruin again. In 1976/77 the Alt-Schauenburg was excavated and restored to preserve it.
literature
- Werner Meyer : Castles from A to Z - Burgenlexikon der Regio . Published by the Castle Friends of both Basels on the occasion of their 50th anniversary. Klingental printing company, Basel 1981, pp. 80–81.
- Karl Heid: The Alt-Schauenburg Castle . Liestal 1956 ( Baselbieter Heimatbuch . No. 7), pp. 19–30.
- Carl Roth: The castles and palaces of the cantons of Basel-Stadt and Basel-Landschaft . 2nd part, delivery 4b. Birkhäuser, 1933, page 97 ff.
Web links
- Maria-Letizia Boscardin: Schauenburg. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Castle world: Alt-Schauenburg