crap

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Shit ( mhd. = Shīʒe for shit ; also shit or shit ) is a vulgar term for the excrement of humans and animals as well as coarse colloquial for an event that is perceived as unpleasant. The Duden, which took up the term in 1934, also defines shit as grossly derogatory for "something very bad, unpleasant, angry". As a curse word, the word is part of phrases, idioms and proverbs.

Word origin and history

The term is widespread throughout the German-speaking area and is used as a noun, as an interjection , as an adverb or adjective . There is also the word extension shit- as a prefix , which expresses in formations with nouns or adjectives, “that someone or something is viewed as bad, miserable, despicable.” The word shit is often used as an exclamation for difficulties and mishaps or as a curse for Expression of frustration and anger. For the term shit , or the corresponding verb shit , there is a verbal gender relationship in German with the words cut, divorced , hence also elimination . The term also goes back to the Indo-European word * skei-d = "split", "separate".

The verb shit designates - today perceived as coarse - the emptying of the bowel and comes from the Old High German biskīʒan , Middle High German schīʒen . In the Germanic languages ​​the word is a dental extension to ie. * skē̌id- the root ie. * skē̌i- 'cut, separate, part' to connect. The original meaning was 'divide, dissolve'. The noun shit is used more often than the verb in modern times as a common slang expression for everything that is perceived as annoying. So from the late mhd. shīʒe the meaning of ' diarrhea '. The German dictionary of the Brothers Grimm mentioned as the main meaning:

“In the older language mostly and without vulgar sound in the sense of diarrhea: diarrhea, the shit [...]; who has the shit [...]; so still dialect [...]; since some the scheisz and dysentery to the halsz eaten. [...]. "

- German dictionary by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm. 16 vols. In 32 partial volumes. Leipzig 1854-1961. List of sources Leipzig 1971 .:

The Schiet , Schiete , taken from Low German and regarded as less coarse , also generally standing for 'dirt, dirt' and for 'an unpleasant thing' was also established. For example, bastard has been used as a derogatory word for 'powerless, discouraged, cowardly person' since the 18th century . More Word formations were in the 16th century scared of that shit, flatulence ', in the 19th century but also, fear '. A Anschiss called from 1800 a coarse reprimand, censure '. As early as the 11th century, the verb shit denoted not only “polluting with feces” but also “ cheating ”. In the students language was boycott for, disrepute, disrespect 'established in the 18th century. Following up is in coarse slang shitty in the phrase "have shitty it" in the 20th century to mean to have it tainted with jmdm., Jmds. Have lost favor '.

In colloquial language, the crude "shit" is occasionally replaced by cover words with the same initial syllable, such as "disk paste" or "disk honey". The use of regional expressions with the same meaning, e.g. B. “Schiet (e)” ( Low German ) or “Driss” ( Ripuarian ) sometimes serves a similar purpose. Like its High German counterpart, "Schiet-" is also used as a prefix; So the northern German bad weather is not sunshine either, but in the form of drizzle it is more part of the landscape.

In most other European languages, too, the corresponding terms are used with a similar meaning as in German, e.g. B. French merde . The English shit is now used regularly as Anglicism in the German-speaking area (cf. for example shit happens , Shitstorm ). The often used interchangeably as commonly used word tough shit ( late Middle High German of poop ) is a Lallwort from the children's language ( Kaka ) and related to the same major lat. Cacare .

literature

See also

Wiktionary: shit  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Scheiß, der , duden.de, accessed on June 20, 2016
  2. ↑ Schiss, der , duden.de, accessed on June 20, 2016
  3. ↑ Shit in Duden.de, accessed on June 13, 2016
  4. ↑ Scheiß- in duden.de, accessed on June 20, 2016
  5. ↑ scheiß- in duden.de, accessed on June 20, 2016
  6. ^ German dictionary online in wörtbuchnetz.de, accessed on June 17, 2016
  7. ^ Etymological dictionary by Wolfgang Pfeifer , online at DWDS , accessed on June 14, 2016
  8. ↑ Disk paste, der , duden.de, accessed on June 14, 2016
  9. ↑ Disc honey, der , duden.de, accessed on June 14, 2016
  10. ↑ Kacke in duden.de, accessed on June 21, 2016