Schinziophyton rautanenii
| Schinziophyton rautanenii | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Schinziophyton | ||||||||||||
| Hutch. ex Radcl.-Sm. | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Schinziophyton rautanenii | ||||||||||||
| ( Schinz ) Radcl.-Sm. |
Schinziophyton rautanenii , also known as Manketti or Mongongo , is a tree from the milkweed family that occurs in central to southern Africa. It is the only species in the genus Schinziophyton .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Schinziophyton rautanenii grows as a deciduous, fast-growing tree with a rounded to spreading crown and is up to about 10-20 meters high. The trunk diameter can be up to 100 centimeters. The brownish-gray bark is relatively smooth to scaly. The trunk and branches exudate .
The long-stalked, alternate leaves are composed and hand-shaped, with three to seven, leathery, finger-like leaves . The obovate to elliptical and stalked leaflets are up to 13 centimeters long and 9 centimeters wide, with the lateral leaflets being smaller. They are much lighter on the underside and they are usually entire to weakly, sawn away, the tip is rounded or rounded to pointed. The leaf margin has some dark glands, on the upper petiole, at the base of the petioles, there are two to four glands. The nerve is lighter, whitish and pinnate forward. The leaves are more or less short-haired on the upper side and short-haired to tomentose underneath, the leaf and leaflet stalks are densely tomentose. There are thick, fan-shaped and sloping stipules .
Generative characteristics
Schinziophyton rautanenii is dioecious gendered dioecious . Loose, tufted to paniculate and unisexual inflorescences are formed. The female inflorescences are much smaller and less branched than the male. The whitish to yellow, stalked and unisexual flowers are four to five-fold with a double flower envelope. The inflorescence and flower stalks are hairy tomentose. There is a fleshy, lobed discus each. The four or five-part, brownish-yellow calyx is short-haired inside and outside, tomentose with free lobes, the five-part, slightly fleshy corolla is bare and has a very short, wide corolla tube with free lobes. The female flowers are longer stalked and larger. In the female flowers of the cup is in five parts and there is an above-settled, short-haired and three-chambered ovary with sitting, two-piece and reddish scar present. The male flowers have awl, felt-like bracts and the calyx is four-part, and up to about 15–20, mostly enclosed stamens are formed.
Up to about 5–7 centimeters in size, round to ellipsoidal and yellow-brownish, initially with short tomentose hair, later almost bald and leathery drupes are formed. The fruits often fall green, immature from the tree and then ripen on the ground. The little pulp is relatively dry, floury and spongy. The egg-shaped to ellipsoidal, porous and holey, light brown stone core (nut) is mostly solitary, hard and thick-shelled and it is about 1.5-2.5 centimeters in size. The elliptical to roundish, up to about 2 centimeters large, hard seeds are somewhat flattened, wrinkled, furrowed and brown.
Systematics
The first description of Basionyms Ricinodendron rautanenii done in 1898 by Hans Schinz in Bulletin de l'Herbier Boissier 6: 744. The genus Schinziophyton was set up by John Hutchinson and Alan Radcliffe-Smith in Kew Bull 45 (1) only posthumously in 1990: introduced 157th , for the reallocation of the basionym to a new genus. Other synonyms are Ricinodendron viticoides Mildbr. and Vitex lukafuensis De Wild.
use
Fruits and seeds are edible. A drying oil can be obtained from the seeds . It serves as an edible oil or is used in cosmetics and in varnishes and colors, as well as for soaps.
literature
- Schinziophyton rautanenii at PROTA.
- FP Graz: Description and Ecology of Schinziophyton rautanenii. Dept. of Agriculture, Namibia, 1988, online (PDF), accessed April 24, 2019.
- Charlotte Rønne, Dorthe I. Jøker: Schinziophyton rautanenii. In: Seed Leaflet. 114, 2006, online (PDF), at Københavns Universitet, accessed April 24, 2019.
Web links
- Schinziophyton rautanenii at Useful Tropical Plants.
- Schinziophyton rautanenii . In: S. Dressler, M. Schmidt, G. Zizka (Eds.): African plants - A Photo Guide. Senckenberg, Frankfurt / Main 2014.
- Schinziophyton rautanenii from Photo Guide to Plants of Southern Africa, accessed April 24, 2019.
Individual evidence
- ↑ online at biodiversitylibrary.org.
- ↑ Schinziophyton rautanenii at KEW Science.