Narrow-gauge railway Nyíregyháza – Dombrád / Balsa

Nyíregyháza – Dombrád / Balsa
Train operation in the Herminatanya branch station, 2007
Route (red lines)
Route number :	Nyíregyháza – Balsa: 118 Nyíregyháza – Dombrád: 119
Route length:	51 + 15 km
Gauge :	760 mm ( Bosnian gauge )
Top speed:	40 km / h
Legend Nyíregyháza átrakó Nyíregyháza Nyíregyháza Petőfi tér Nyíregyháza-Vásártér Nyíregyháza Bessenyei tér (formerly Dessewffy tér ) Nyíregyháza Beloiannisz tér (formerly Városmajor ) Power station Erdei kitérő Nyíregyháza – Záhony railway line Sóstógyógyfürdő Nyírszőlős Fakapu Kótaj Újkótaj Nagytanya Buj Buj község Herminatanya Gilanyi Paszab Tiszabercel Tiszabercel-Vásártér Gávavencsellő Felső Gávavencsellő Gávavencsellő alsó Balsa Balsa tiszapart Blasted Theiss Bridge Hegyközer narrow-gauge railway Ibrányi temető Ibrany Nagyhalászi Kendergyár Nagyhalász He has Kétérköz Tiszatelek Újdombrád (formerly Karkhalom ) Dombrád

The narrow-gauge railway Nyíregyháza – Dombrád / Balsa was a rural small railway ( Hungarian : Nyírvidéki Kisvasút ) with a gauge of 760 millimeters in Hungary . In the urban area of Nyíregyháza it was overlaid by the Nyíregyháza tram .

history

The first of the two operationally closely linked routes was the 51-kilometer main section from Nyíregyháza to Dombrád , which was originally operated by the private company Nyíregyházavidéki Kisvasutak ( NyVKV ). It went into operation on December 21, 1905 for goods traffic and on March 4, 1906 for passenger traffic. Only petrol-electric vehicles that were very modern at the time were used. These included two locomotives made by Weitzer and initially four three-axle railcars , also built by Weitzer, which were supplemented by five more by 1916. In the Nyíregyháza area, additional repeater trains ran between the train station and the Városmajor station, which was later called Beloiannisz tér , from March 11, 1906 , and from April 29, 1906, continued to the Sóstógyógyfürdő spa.

One of the former gasoline-electric railcars with an additional pantograph, erected as a monument in Nyíregyháza (2007)

On October 1, 1909, the Reszvenytarsasag Villamossagi es Közlekedesi Vallalat Szamara took over the railway operations and electrified the section to Sóstógyógyfürdő on August 7, 1911 due to the strong demand. Then reversed on the first 8.5 km of lines - in addition to the aforementioned gasoline electric vehicles - three pure-electric two-axle tram - railcar manufacturer's full . The gasoline-electric vehicles, which were still quite young at the time, were subsequently given hoop pantographs so that they could also obtain their electricity directly from the overhead line in the electrified section .

On August 5, 1911, a 15-kilometer branch line from Herminatanya to Balsa also went into operation. On October 22, 1930, this route was extended by building a bridge over the Tisza and linked to the Hegyköz narrow-gauge railway . This created a connection to Sárospatak , creating a continuous narrow-gauge network 187 kilometers in length. From 1937 high-speed railcars ran between Nyíregyháza and Sárospatak, which is about 40 kilometers north as the crow flies . The bridge was blown up in late 1944 during World War II and was never rebuilt. Since then, travelers have had to cross the river on a raft ferry to continue their journey on the opposite bank.

Traffic in Nyíregyháza was temporarily interrupted as early as the 1920s, and the narrow-gauge trains coming from Dombrád and Balsa ended in the city center. There the passengers had to change to the tram, which runs about every ten minutes, to the station on the periphery.

From January 1949, as a result of general nationalization , the narrow-gauge railway and tram came to the Hungarian state railway Magyar Államvasutak (MÁV), which also introduced line numbers 1, 2 and 3 for the various tram routes . 1960 verdieselte MÁV the overland route and shortened the electrical equipment to the nearly two-kilometer section of the railway station-Beloiannisz tér. In return, the trains coming from Dombrád or Balsa drove back to the station. The petrol-electric railcars also migrated completely to the urban area in 1960.

On May 31, 1969, the MÁV completely ended electrical traffic in Nyíregyháza and replaced the tram with the city bus line 7.Transitionally, the narrow-gauge trains ran through the city center until August 1, 1969, before the state railway opened a new bypass on the western edge of the city . The first section of the narrow-gauge railway ran from then on parallel to the standard-gauge route Nyíregyháza – Záhony and only rejoined the old route before the bridge over it. After the Hegyköz narrow-gauge railway was discontinued at the end of 1980, only the line covered here remained as the last narrow-gauge railway in the region.

The passenger trains passed last from diesel locomotives of the Mk48 series and four-axle passenger car of the genus Bax. When departing from Nyíregyháza, the trains usually consisted of four passenger cars that were pulled by two locomotives. In Herminatanya the train was divided , with the rear locomotive driving the first two cars to Balsa and the front locomotive being coupled to the two cars remaining in the station to bring them to Dombrád. In the respective terminal stations, the locomotives turned over a track triangle so that the trains in Herminatanya could be coupled together again to travel back to Nyíregyháza together.

After goods traffic was only carried out in the form of autumn beet traffic from 1992, MÁV discontinued it entirely in 1995. On December 13, 2009, the entire route was finally shut down, and passenger traffic has been handled by buses ever since.

Web links

Commons : Nyíregyháza – Dombrád / Balsa narrow-gauge railway  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• The Nyiregyhaza small train on pozor-vlak.de
• Description of the narrow-gauge railway on 760net (German)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ The Nyíregyháza tram carriages on villamosok.hu
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Sebastian heirs: MÁV Nyírvidéki Regionális Kisvasút. Nyíregyháza - Dombrád / Balsai Tisza-part. (German)

Coordinates: 47 ° 56 '48.1 "  N , 21 ° 42' 22.5"  E