Scottish (dance)

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With Scottish one of Europe's common will couple dance called and a polka-like dance pair variant in Germany. In the dance traditions of many countries, variants of Scottish are viewed under their own names as folk dance , in Germany and Austria as Rhinelander or Bavarian polka , as well as in Switzerland and Sweden .

origin

The name "Scottish" is probably derived from the Ecossaise (Scottish waltz). He was known as early as 1810 . A forerunner is the "Hopser", which was widespread throughout Germany before 1800.

to form

In different regions, quite different dance forms are referred to under the name "Scottish": Rhinelander forms (also in Sweden), Bavarian polka , in some areas a slow polka round dance with or without jumping up is called "Scottish".

The basic step is an alternating step similar to the polka step, with or without a subsequent hop.

Dance descriptions

The choreography spread across Europe

The following dance movement is documented under this name in large parts of Europe, from Russian шотиш to Spanish Chotis via English Scottish or French Scottish .

  • Measure 1: 1 alternating step starting with the left foot to the left (for men, women in opposite directions)
  • Measure 2: 1 alternating step with the right foot to the right (for men)
  • Measure 3–4: turn in a paired version with 4 steps clockwise (the gentleman starting on the left)

Compare the description of the "Schotten" dance from Gößl by Konrad Mautner from 1919:

“The Scotsman is danced as follows: dancer and dancer stand opposite each other, take three steps to the side, three steps towards each other, embrace each other and turn together for two bars. The three steps from each other are also performed by the dancers suddenly crouching or stomping with their heels loudly, some rock the upper body or turn on their own axis. We are probably dealing here with a more rustic variation of the 'Scottish' adopted by townspeople. "

Compare Bavarian polka in Bavaria and Austria.

The choreography so called in parts of Germany

Aenne Goldschmidt describes Scottish as follows:

“The Scottish round dance consists of a two-bar rotating figure that is repeated in the same way in pairs. A full turn requires two Scottish steps of half a turn each. "

For the "step" (meaning a sequence of steps) she states:

  • 1st - 3rd Eighth note = 1 change step
  • 4. Eighth = slightly lifting and leading through the free leg to the new step.

The Scottish steps are danced alternately.

Goldschmidt already remarked:

"The Scottish step often occurs in folk dance literature under the terms polka, Rhinelander, or simply alternating step."

A clear demarcation from what is called polka in large parts of Europe is hardly possible.

Hungarian Scottish

In the vicinity of Vienna , in the area between Gmünd , Bratislava and Puchberg am Schneeberg , a number of dances with the so-called Scottish dab step have been handed down, all of which are called "Scottish". They can be traced back to a common origin called "Hungarian Scottish". One of them is the "Scottish from Gmünd" in the northeastern Waldviertel , which was recorded in 1934 by Hans Schölm.

Starting position: The dancers stand opposite each other, one-handed grip on the right, dancers with their backs to the center of the circle. With each measure the dancer starts with the left foot and the dancer with the right foot.

  • Measure 1: Two lateral readjustment steps in the dance direction.
  • Measure 2: Scottish dab step, dancer with the left leg, dancer with the right leg: dabbing, dabbing on the side, adding.
  • Measure 3: The dancer makes a full turn to the left and the dancer to the right with four walking steps. Loosen the hand grip and grasp it again after turning.
  • Measure 4: repetition of the second measure.
  • Measure 5–8: Repeat measures 1–4.

Highland Scottish

The dance has also been found in Scotland since the 19th century , both as a couple dance (ceilidh dance) and as a figure in Scottish Country Dance . It is remarkable that the Scots have adopted the German spelling!

Ceilidh dance, arrangement: couples in a circle, women outside, men inside, normal dance posture

  • Measure 1–2: Men with left foot, women with right foot: stretch to the side ( 2nd position ), in front of the shin ( 3rd aerial ), to the side ( 2nd ), behind the calf ( 3rd rear aerial ). Thereby hopping on the standing leg.
  • Measure 3–4: Step with the previous free leg to the side, place the other foot on the back ( 3rd position ), step again with the first foot, close with the other foot behind the calf ( 3rd rear aerial ), again a hop on the standing leg ("Step, close, step, hop").
  • Bars 5–8: Repeat bars 1–4 with the other leg
  • Measure 9–10: Repeat measures 3–4
  • Bars 11–12: Repeat bars 7–8
  • Bar 13–16: Polka (“step, hop, step, hop”) with clockwise rotation

The bars 1–4 correspond almost exactly to the "Highland Scottish Setting" in Scottish Country Dance. The information about the foot positions is the usual in Scottish Country Dance and Highland Dancing.

See also

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Konrad Mauthner: Old songs and ways from the Steyermärkischen Salzkammergut. Graz 1919, p. 380
  2. ↑ a b c Aenne Goldschmidt: Handbook of German folk dance. Text tape. Wilhelmshaven, Hamburg, Locarno, Amsterdam, 4th edition 1981 (1st edition 1966), pp. 215-216