Schröfeln

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Schröfeln oil shale works in the Upper Isar Valley on map from 1956

Schröfeln (in the 19th century on the Schröfen ) in the Isar Valley , on the toll road to the left of the Isar, halfway between Wallgau and the Ochsensitz west of Vorderriß , is an abandoned district of the smallest independent municipality in Bavaria, Jachenau and the former location of the processing plant for the oil slate mine " Kurt ".

history

There is evidence of stone oil distillery in Tyrol as early as 1350 . The first mining activities in the Upper Isar Valley are mentioned in the 18th and 19th centuries. In 1749 and 1751, the so-called “Frankfurter Blacks” was made from the coal in the Grasberg etc. and sent to Augsburg. In 1846 Franz Karner, grandson of the well-known Mittenwald facade painter Franz Karner (1737-1817), received the concession to use the oil shale in the Lower Oil Trench, a right tributary to the Isar. In the mid-1850s he stopped his efforts. In the summer of 1857 a Munich company applied for the mining rights to no avail. A possible disturbance of the hunting of the Bavarian royal family in this popular hunting area should be excluded.

Next, the Pasing entrepreneur Kurt von Koeppel explored in 1917 in the lower oil ditch and built the oil shale mine "Kurt" at an altitude of 900 m above sea level north below the lower grass mountain (1727 m). In this mine, which Kurt von Koeppel brought into Ölschiefer-Karwendel GmbH in 1918, slate containing asphalt was extracted for the extraction of rock oil . The former mine is located in the municipality of Lenggries and is now registered as geotope no. 173G001 by the Bavarian State Office for the Environment .

A material cable car transported the oily rock from the mine over the Isar to the road near Schröfeln. There it was crushed into egg-sized pieces in a stone crusher and distilled using heat and compressed air to produce stone oil, a “panacea” for humans and animals that was used in this room as early as the 14th century. Several buildings were built in Schröfeln; including accommodation barracks and a licensed canteen. The owners changed frequently. In 1943/44, the "Rofanölwerke Schröfeln" applied for the conversion and extension of a follower house.

After the war, operations were not resumed until 1952. In 1954 the Ichthyol company in Hamburg took over the mine, including the facilities in Schröfeln. In 1962 the "Kurt" mine closed its operation because it was too difficult and too expensive to extract. The factory buildings in Schröfeln were razed in July 1962, the 40 m high factory chimney was blown up. The foundations of the plant can still be seen hard south of the road.

It was not until 1955 that the site “outside of the Brandenburg” was incorporated into the association of the Jachenau community. and is therefore mentioned for the first time for the census on June 6, 1961 in an official place directory, as a wasteland with 1 inhabitant. Schröfeln is identified as uninhabited in the following official registers, but is still an officially named part of the municipality.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ on the original position sheet 865 Walchensee Status 1863 Auf dem Schröfen (better resolution in the BayernAtlas )
  2. ↑ Ladurner, Justinian: Beginning of Steinölbrennens in Tirol, in Archives for History and Archeology of Tirol, Volume 2, 1865, pp. 375–377
  3. ↑ Glonner, Stephan, Chronicle of the Hofmark Hohenburg im Isarthal, Lenggries-Hohenburg, transcription of the Förderverein Burgruine Hohenburg e. V. 2016-2017, pp. 247 and 248. See: http://www.hohenburg-lenggries.de/wp-content/uploads/ChronikGlonner-Umschrift-online.pdf
  4. ↑ Schwarz, Peter, The oil shale mining on the upper Isar near Wallgau and Krün, in Lech-Isar-Land 2007, Heimatverband Lech-Isar-Land e. V. Weilheim i. Upper Bavaria, p. 201 f
  5. ^ Bavarian State Office for the Environment, Geotope Register Bavaria: Oil shale mining "Grube Kurt" ENE von Wallgau
  6. ^ Tölzer Kurier, Monday, July 16, 1962
  7. ^ Jost Gudelius: The Jachenau . Jachenau 2008, ISBN 978-3-939751-97-7 , pp. 140 and 141.
  8. ^ Official register of places for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from d. 1961 census, Munich, 1964
  9. ↑ BayernPortal: Jachenau community, districts

Web links

Coordinates: 47 ° 32 '34 "  N , 11 ° 21' 23"  E