List of geotopes in the Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen district
This list contains the geotopes of the Upper Bavarian district of Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen in Bavaria . The list contains the official names and numbers of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment (LfU) as well as their geographical location. This list may not be complete. Around 3,400 geotopes (as of March 2020) are recorded in the Bavarian geotope register. The LfU does not consider some geotopes suitable for publication on the Internet. For example, some objects are not safely accessible or may only be entered to a limited extent for other reasons.
Surname | image | Geotope ID | Municipality / location | Geological unit of space | description | Area m² / extension m | geology | Digestion type | value | Protection status | comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Isarprallhang NE from Rimslrain | 173A001 |
Dietramszell position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | In the fold molass exposure on the banks of the Isar, fossils can be found in a Schill horizon. The significant outcrop is assigned to the Upper Marine Molasse. | 60 20 × 3 |
Type: Standard / Reference Profile, Plant Fossils, Animal Fossils Type: Sandstone |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | precious | Nature reserve, landscape protection area, FFH area | ||
Exposure at Geistbühl | 173A002 |
Bichl position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The Geistbühl near Bichl is a conspicuous round hump. Together with the lower, western Fuchsbühl (also near Fuchsbichel), it forms the only witnesses of the Helveticum in the Loisach plain. Stallau green sandstone was mined at Geistbühl. | 80 10 × 8 |
Type: Rock, Animal Fossils Type: Sandstone |
Quarry | precious | no protected area | ||
Enzenau quarry | 173A003 |
Bad Heilbrunn position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | Enzenau marble, which is rich in nummulites, was quarried here. Today the north side is used as a climbing wall. | 2500 250 × 10 |
Type: Animal Fossils, Layer Sequence, Rock Type: Sandstone |
Quarry | especially valuable | no protected area | ||
Molasse rock on Kalvarienberg | 173A004 |
Bad Toelz position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The Molasse rock on Kalvarienberg represents a classic outcrop in the Lower Sea Molasse in Upper Bavaria. | 1000 200 × 5 |
Type: Type locality, sequence of layers Type: sandstone, marl |
Slope crack / rock wall | precious | Natural monument, landscape protection area | ||
Former Happerg gravel pit | 173A005 |
Eurasburg position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | Remains of the Rift Ice Age moraine lie over the solidified gravel. | 90 15 × 6 |
Type: Layer sequence Type: Moraine, gravel |
Gravel pit / sand pit | precious | no protected area | ||
Isarprallhang at the Staubachhof | 173A006 |
Dietramszell position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The important outcrop of the Upper Marine Molasse is located on the Isarprallhang at the Staubachhof on the towed southern edge of the Foreland Molasse. On the river bank lies a single sandstone cliff with sandy-clay marls that contain fossils. | 150 15 × 10 |
Type: Layer sequence Type: sandstone, marl, conglomerate |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | especially valuable | Nature reserve, landscape protection area | ||
Ceiling contact outcrop SE from Lenggries | 173A007 |
Lenggrie's position |
Mangfall Mountains | It is a small outcrop of the thrust of the Allgäu and Lechtal cover (shell limestone and aptych layers) at a source outlet. | 15 5 × 3 |
Type: Fault, layer sequence, source of fault Type: Limestone |
Slope crack / rock wall | precious | Landscape protection area | ||
Nagelfluhfelsen on Kalvarienberg |
|
173A008 |
Bad Toelz position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | Several Nagelfluhfelsen are located above the hiking trail along the Kalvarienberg, some of them have natural bridges and small weather caves. The Nagelfluh overlays molasse layers and local deposits of the oldest Lake Tölzer (Günz, Altpleistocene). | 20 4 × 5 |
Type: Rock Type: Conglomerate |
Slope crack / rock wall | significant | Natural monument, landscape protection area | |
Outcrop E from Rimslrain | 173A009 |
Wackersberg position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | Fossil-bearing sands and sandy marls are exposed on private property. In the area of collapsed tunnels (former coal mining on the Rimslrainer seam) landslides occur. | 50 10 × 5 |
Type: Layer sequence, gallery Type: Sandstone, marl |
Tunnel / gallery / shaft | precious | no protected area | ||
Black wall N of Eurasburg | 173A010 |
Münsing position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The Black Wall is a wooded steep slope with individual rock sections. In the lower part of the wall there are conglomerates of the Upper Miocene under the younger gravel. Tufa limestone precipitates under the wall at numerous small springs. The conglomerates of the younger gravel are coarser in the south than in the north. | 5000 200 × 25 |
Type: rock type, layer source type: crushed stone |
Slope crack / rock wall | significant | FFH area | ||
White Wall S by Icking |
|
173A011 |
Icking position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The open worm moraine on the Isarprallhang is located below the Isar-Loisach confluence. | 2000 400 × 5 |
Type: Rock Type: Moraine |
Slope crack / rock wall | significant | Landscape protection area, FFH area | |
Isar-Prallhang near Wolfratshausen | 173A014 |
Pupplinger Au position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | On the Isar-Prallhang near Wolfratshausen you can observe the horizontal storage of gravel and sand very well. | 1200 60 × 20 |
Type: Rock Type: Gravel |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | significant | Nature reserve, FFH area | ||
Isar-Prallhang near Geretsried / Gartenberg | 173A015 |
Wolfratshauser Forst position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The Isar-Prallhang near Geretsried offers a beautiful outcrop of post-glacial gravel over worm-glacial ground moraine. | 40 20 × 2 |
Type: Rock Type: Gravel, Moraine |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | significant | Nature reserve, FFH area | ||
Quarry NW of Untermurbach | 173A016 |
Lenggrie's position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | Alpine shell limestone has been mined in the quarry since 1704 (today mainly for frost-resistant armor stones). Part night shifts are due in an old quarry to the north. Intensive folds and movement areas are open. Part night shifts are due on the northern excavation wall in the northwest part of the quarry. The eastern part of the quarry was to be secured as a natural monument. | 10000 200 × 50 |
Type: Rock Type: Limestone |
Quarry | precious | no protected area | ||
Nagelfluh quarry N by Happberg | 173A018 |
Eurasburg position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The quarry was cleaned of debris in 1997. The fracture, which has vertical walls on three sides, now offers very good exposure of older ceiling gravel. It lies on the northern edge of a Härtling rounded off by glaciers. | 300 30 × 10 |
Type: Rock Type: Conglomerate |
Quarry | precious | no protected area | ||
Outcrop at the Tischberg SW of Eurasburg | 173A019 |
Münsing position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | In the Tischberg area, the coarse conglomerate of the Upper Freshwater Molasse is very open. In winter, the outcrop is visible from the motorway, access is via forest roads and forest paths. | 150 30 × 5 |
Type: type locality, rock type: conglomerate, sandstone |
embankment | precious | no protected area | ||
Buchberg-Graben N of the Stallauer Weiher | 173A021 |
Wackersberg position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The important, repeatedly described reference profile opens up the transition between the lower sea molasses and the lower brackish water molasses. | 1500 150 × 10 |
Type: Standard / Reference Profile, Animal Fossils, Vegetable Fossils Type: Marlstone, Sandstone, Lignite |
Slope crack / rock wall | especially valuable | no protected area | ||
Nagelfluh quarry SW of Peretshofen | 173A022 |
Dietramszell position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | Beautiful and easily accessible outcrop of the Ice Age Schotternagelfluh. | 100 20 × 5 |
Type: Rock Type: Conglomerate |
Quarry | significant | no protected area | ||
Plate limestone outcrop at Walchensee | 173A023 |
Jachenau position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | At the back of the parking lot, steep slab of limestone is exposed. The thin banks and the alternation with marl layers indicate the proximity of the transition to the Kössen layers. There are more compact limestone sections on the lakeshore. | 2400 120 × 20 |
Type: Rock Type: Limestone |
embankment | precious | Landscape protection area | ||
Flysch outcrops in the Lainbachtal | 173A024 |
Benediktbeuern position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | The Lainbachtal is a popular excursion destination, which above all enables insights into the tristle layers and the quartzite series of the flysch. The outcrops are distributed over a long distance in the stream bed or in the embankment above the path. The layer structure with typical turbidite sequences and fold structures are clearly visible. Ice age reservoir sediments repeatedly lead to landslides in the area, which made extensive torrent barriers necessary. | 600000 3000 × 200 |
Type: Sequence of layers, landslide Type: Marlstone, sandstone, gravel |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | especially valuable | no protected area | ||
Exposure to the Gaißachleiten | 173A025 |
Reichersbeuern position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | A landslide exposed very fossil-rich areas (lamellar granaries and gastropods) of the upper clay marl layers. The layers dip at 65 degrees to the north and belong to the south wing of the Mariensteiner Mulde. | 450 30 × 15 |
Type: Type of rock, sequence of layers, animal fossils, storage conditions Type: Marlstone |
Slope crack / rock wall | precious | no protected area | ||
Einbach in Bad Toelz | 173A026 |
Bad Toelz position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | In the stream bed, a profile with a transition from the building block layers with marine fossils to the lower cyren layers with pitch coal seams and brackish fossils is exposed. The layers in heavily overturned storage belong to the south wing of the Penzberger Mulde. The proximity of a significant SE-NW trending fault causes the stratification to be rotated by 90 degrees from SE to NE. | 2600 260 × 10 |
Type: sequence of layers, rock type, fault, storage conditions Type: sandstone, marlstone, lignite |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | precious | no protected area | ||
Gypsum of the Raibl Formation in the Schwarzenbachtal SW of Lenggries | 173A027 |
Lenggrie's position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | The best outcrop in the gypsum of the Raibl formation in the Bavarian Alps is in the Schwarzenbachtal near Lenggries. At the object point on the other side of the stream there are large blocks of crinkled gypsum rock (gypsum-marlstone interchangeable bedding), which presumably fell from an earlier excavation wall. 100 m further upstream, below the forest road, the Schwarzenbach and fallen trees have exposed cliffs of gypsum rock. Be careful here: Danger of falling rocks and falling trees on unstable ground! Gümbel describes the gypsum breaks in the Schwarzenbache as very extensive and productive, but only give dung gyps. ... The shipment takes place on the Isar. Gypsum was extracted here at the beginning of the 18th century. The first photo from the 19th century shows numerous mining plots. It is 4.6 km from Langeneck south of Lenggries at the valley exit of the Schwarzenbach to the geotope. | 2400 120 × 20 |
Type: Rock, Quarry / Pit Type: Gypsum, Marlstone |
Slope crack / rock wall | precious | no protected area | ||
Oil shale works Grube Kurt NE von Wallgau | 173G001 |
Lenggrie's position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | Some smaller outcrops of the oil shale in the Werfen strata can be seen on the slope. In addition, there are dilapidated open-cast mining areas and a closed tunnel. Oil shale ichthiol was extracted here until the 1960s. | 10000 200 × 50 |
Type: tunnel, rock type: dolomite stone, oil shale |
Tunnel / gallery / shaft | precious | Nature reserve, FFH area, bird sanctuary | ||
Ried lime kiln | 173G003 |
Kochel am See position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The lime kiln has been owned by the Streidl family, Ried, since secularization. The limestone required for burning is collected by hand as limestone gravel in the Loisach Valley. For lime burning, the stones are piled up in the kiln and burned with wood burning at over 1000 degrees. After quenching with water and storage, sump lime is produced. The last time it was burned in the lime kiln was 2010. The lime found sale for the traditional whitening of churches, monasteries and castles. But since other colors are increasingly being used here, it is questionable whether the stove can be stoked up again. Private! Do not enter without the consent of the owner! | 600 30 × 20 |
Type: Lime Kiln Type: Limestone, Gravel |
no information | significant | no protected area | ||
Lime kiln near Tattenkofen | 173G004 |
Dietramszell position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The lime kiln, renovated in 1980, is located on a post-glacial terrace above the Isar, but is no longer used today. The location of the furnace is explained by the neighboring source of raw materials: The limestone for burning was plucked from the Isar rubble. The property is under special protection as an architectural monument (monument no. 1-73-118-160). | 100 10 × 10 |
Type: Lime Kiln Type: Limestone, Gravel |
no information | significant | Nature reserve, monument protection, FFH area | ||
Lenggries lime kiln | 173G005 |
Lenggrie's position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | The restored lime kiln is no longer in operation. Signs explain the process of lime burning. The limestone for the operation of the furnace was plucked from the rubble of the Isar. A copy of the furnace is in the Glentleiten Museum. The property is under special protection as a monument (monument no. 1-73-135-20). | 100 10 × 10 |
Type: Lime Kiln Type: Limestone, Gravel |
no information | significant | Monument protection | ||
Roof cave |
|
173H001 |
Wackersberg position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The half-cave in Nagelfluh was created by backward erosion of a small spring. Located under a small waterfall step, it is accessible via a hiking trail. Above the cave the stream bed is mostly dry, 30 m below there is a small spring outlet with tufa precipitation. | 100 10 × 10 |
Type: Eruption / Weathering Cave Type: Conglomerate |
Slope crack / rock wall | precious | Natural monument | |
Kaltenbachquelle in Kirchsee-Filz NW of Sachsenkam |
|
173Q001 |
Sachsenkam position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The spring pond is on the Kirchsee-Filz. | 5000 100 × 50 |
Type: Constriction Source Type: Peat |
no information | precious | Nature reserve, natural monument, FFH area | |
Dürrachklamm S of the Sylvensteinsee |
|
173R001 |
Lenggrie's position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | Over a length of about 700 meters, the gorge is cut up to 100 meters deep into the main dolomite. | 35000 700 × 50 |
Type: Klamm Type: Dolomite stone |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | precious | Natural monument, nature reserve, FFH area | |
Rißklamm S from Vorderriß | 173R003 |
Lenggrie's position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | The approx. 500 meter long gorge is located in the main dolomite. | 10000 500 × 20 |
Type: Klamm Type: Dolomite stone |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | precious | Natural monument, nature reserve, FFH area | ||
Wild river landscape of the Isar near Wolfratshausen |
|
173R004 |
Pupplinger Au position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The entire area of the wild river landscape near Wolfratshausen is largely left to natural development. However, the withdrawal of water for the Walchensee power plant and the flood regulation by the Sylvenstein reservoir mean that lateral river shifts become less frequent and the former gravel bed is increasingly forested. | 300000 1200 × 250 |
Type: stream / river type: gravel, silt |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | precious | Nature reserve, FFH area | |
Isar bed between Wallgau and Sylvensteinsee |
|
173R005 |
Lenggrie's position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | The area has been adversely affected by the dehydration for the Walchensee power plant, and there is a risk of increasing bush cover. | 2400000 6000 × 400 |
Type: Alluvial fan Type: Gravel |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | precious | Nature reserve, FFH area, bird sanctuary | Bavaria's most beautiful geotopes No. 93 |
Walchenklamm E of the Sylvensteinsee |
|
173R006 |
Lenggrie's position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | The approx. 1000 meter long gorge is a maximum of 20 meters deep. The water is very meandering and has some waterfalls. | 10000 1000 × 10 |
Type: Klamm Type: Dolomite stone |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | precious | Natural monument, nature reserve, FFH area | |
Tumulus landscape northwest of Untermurbach | 173R007 |
Lenggrie's position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | The so-called tumulus landscape is actually a landslide deposit. The group of striking, small knolls consists of blocks and fragments of rock. Age determinations on a transitional moor that was created here have resulted in a minimum age of 4700 years. | 200000 500 × 400 |
Type: Rockslide Type: Blocks, Gravel |
no information | precious | Natural monument | ||
Lower course of the Schronbach N of the Sylvensteinsee | 173R010 |
Jachenau position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | Waterfalls and pools are formed in the main dolomite. | 6000 600 × 10 |
Type: Kolk, Waterfall Type: Dolomite stone |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | significant | Natural monument, landscape protection area | ||
Two erratic boulders at the root SE of Benediktbeuern | 173R012 |
Benediktbeuern position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | The two granite boulders lie in Würm moraine. | 4 2 × 2 |
Type: Boulder Type: Gneiss |
block | significant | Natural monument | ||
Umlaufberg Katzenbuckel | 173R016 |
Bad Toelz position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The very beautiful little mountain of a former Gaissach loop in the area where it flows into the Isar Valley is adjacent to an impact slope (river terrace). | 15600 130 × 120 |
Type: Umlauf- / breakthrough mountain, terrace Type: Gravel |
no information | precious | Natural monument | ||
Erratic blocks on the Schindelberg of Dietramszell |
|
173R017 |
Sachsenkam position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | Several angular granite blocks scattered in the forest can be found on the worm-glacial wall moraine. | 2 2 × 1 |
Type: boulder, end (wall) moraine Type: granite, moraine |
block | significant | Natural monument | |
Buckelwiesen W von meadows | 173R018 |
Königsdorf position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | Humpback meadows are a geomorphological feature of the Alpine region. They emerged during the last ice retreat stages in the periglacial climatic area. The humpback meadows near Wiesen represent the northernmost humpback meadows in the Upper Bavarian foothills of the Alps. | 20000 200 × 100 |
Type: Buckelwiese Type: Gravel |
no information | precious | no protected area | ||
Buchsee ice crumbling landscape |
|
173R019 |
Münsing position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | In the area of the lateral moraines of the Tölzer and Starnberg glacier lobes, there are some larger dead ice holes (e.g. Buchsee and Bibersee) and meltwater channels with dead ice holes. | 840000 1200 × 700 |
Type: ice crumbling landscape, dead ice hole, meltwater valley Type: moraine, gravel |
no information | precious | no protected area | |
Steinerne Rinne Baun-Alm |
|
173R021 |
Wackersberg position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | The stone channel on the Baun-Alm has been used as a cattle trough for around 80 years. | 15 15 × 1 |
Type: Stone gutter, sintering Type: Tufa-lime |
no information | significant | no protected area | |
Stone gutter Knapp |
|
173R022 |
Wackersberg position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The source horizon lies on the layer boundary between Nagelfluh and Seetonen. The very beautiful, large channel is z. Sometimes used as a cattle trough (damage from cattle kick!). | 30 30 × 1 |
Type: Stone gutter, sintering Type: Tufa-lime |
no information | significant | no protected area | |
Glacier cut S from Wegscheid | 173R023 |
Lenggrie's position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | In the area overgrown by mosses and grasses, only a few square meters of the glacier cut are exposed. | 300 20 × 15 |
Type: Glacier cut Type: Dolomite stone |
Rock slope / cliff | significant | Natural monument | ||
Sylvenstein on case | 173R024 |
Lenggrie's position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | The Sylvenstein is the rock face on the east side of the Isar valley north-east of Fall. The first photo (Fig. 4) shows the landscape in the 19th century. In the 1950s, the Sylvenstein reservoir was dammed here by a dam. Extensive geological investigations preceded the construction of the dam. Drilling at the narrow point resulted in a valley filling of up to 93 m thickness under the Isar bed. The almost vertical east wall with scouring and overhanging parts and a narrowly cut gorge at the deepest point was remarkable (Fig. 3). Pleistocene sea chalk moves in the valley sediments over the gorge. The gorge itself cannot have been created by ice or meltwater at the bottom of the glacier, but must have been created by flowing water in an earlier interglacial. An uncovered tunnel for cyclists and pedestrians leads through the rock made of main dolomite. | 100000 500 × 200 |
Type: Rock wall / slope, gorge Type: Dolomite stone |
Slope crack / rock wall | significant | Natural monument | ||
Boulder near the Lainbach Falls SSE von Benediktbeuern | 173R026 |
Benediktbeuern position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | The garnet-bearing amphibolite comes from the Central Alpine region. | 30 6 × 5 |
Type: Boulder Type: Garnet amphibolite |
block | significant | Natural monument | ||
Lainbach waterfalls on the Schmiedlaine |
|
173R027 |
Benediktbeuern position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | The poorly accessible waterfall opens up the type locality of the Kohlstätter facies (special facies of the Allgäu layers). Raibler layers, Kössen layers and Cenoman conglomerates are also open here. The steep step marks the northern edge of the calcareous alpine nappes. | 1000 100 × 10 |
Type: waterfall, type locality, layer sequence Type: dolomite stone, limestone, sandstone |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | especially valuable | Natural monument | |
Erratic boulders E from Obersteinbach | 173R028 |
Bad Heilbrunn position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | The boulders are scattered in the forest up to 500 meters east and 300 meters north of the specified legal and high value. | 1 1 × 1 |
Type: Boulder Type: Blocks |
block | significant | Natural monument | ||
Guflmühlfelsen near Mühlbach | 173R032 |
Lenggrie's position |
Mangfall Mountains | The Mühlbach has a steep step with a small waterfall on what is believed to be a Nagelfluh from the Rissing Ice Age. Far overhanging rock formations have formed below. Their roof consists of normal Schutternagelfluh. Underneath is a very coarse conglomerate with large, edged blocks that suggests formation close to the glacier. The gem is difficult to find and hardly accessible. Debris and rubbish deposits are also a nuisance. | 600 30 × 20 |
Type: waterfall, karst halfway / natural bridge Type: conglomerate |
Slope crack / rock wall | precious | Natural monument | ||
Buckelwiesen N of Huppenberg | 173R033 |
Wackersberg position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The humpback meadows are a geomorphological feature of the Alpine region. They emerged during the last ice retreat stages in the periglacial climatic area. The typically formed humpback meadows are located in a landscape that is partly park-like. | 40,000 500 × 80 |
Type: humpback meadow, terrace Type: gravel |
no information | significant | no protected area | ||
Findling SW of Steinsberg | 173R034 |
Dietramszell position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The angular, split block of light lime lies in a meadow. | 16 4 × 4 |
Type: Boulder Type: Limestone |
block | significant | no protected area | ||
Drumlin SE from Königsdorf | 173R035 |
Königsdorf position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The very beautifully designed drumlin within the Königsdorf drumlin field is very clear and not built in or otherwise impaired. | 100000 500 × 200 |
Type: Drumlin Type: Moraine |
no information | precious | no protected area | ||
Drumlin P616 SW from Schwaigwall | 173R036 |
Geretsried position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The very beautiful drumlin in the Herrnhausen drumlin field is wooded and not built on. | 125000 500 × 250 |
Type: Drumlin Type: Moraine |
no information | precious | no protected area | ||
River terraces The warm valley S of Ascholding | 173R037 |
Dietramszell position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The valley includes staggered river terraces of the Isar from the later Würm Ice Age and the Holocene. | 200000 1000 × 200 |
Type: Terrace Type: Gravel |
no information | significant | no protected area | ||
Came-like embankments N of Degerndorf | 173R038 |
Münsing position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The internal structure of the narrow, wooded mountain ranges is not known, but their external shape is similar to Kames. Socialization with a dead ice hole is also typical. | 40000 400 × 100 |
Type: Kames, Dead Ice Hole Type: Gravel, Moraine |
no information | significant | no protected area | ||
Limestone deposits in the SW of Königsdorf | 173R040 |
Königsdorf position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The large tufa precipitate at numerous small spring outlets forms a cone in front of the moraine range with special spring bog vegetation. The water escapes from early-worm glacial gravel, which is exposed outside the gravel pit. | 30000 300 × 100 |
Type: Sinter formation Type: Limestone, crushed stone |
no information | significant | no protected area | ||
Os Unterenzenau | 173R041 |
Bad Heilbrunn position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | One of the most striking Oser in the Bavarian Alpine foothills is located southwest of Enzenau. The up to 8 m high, elongated wall has several small side ridges. The good sorting of the gravel material leads to a significantly poorer vegetation than can be found on the surrounding moraine hills. There is a small outcrop on the northeast edge of the main ridge. | 7500 150 × 50 |
Type: Os Type: crushed stone |
Gravel pit / sand pit | precious | no protected area | ||
Rehgraben in Bad Toelz | 173R042 |
Bad Toelz position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The Rehgraben Gorge, which is up to 18 m deep, is cut into Holocene sea chalk and sintered limestone and partly into the underlying, steep lower cyren layers. About 11,000 to 2,500 years ago a growing sintered limestone formed a dam that led to the creation of a lake (the youngest Tölzer lake). Dam breaks destroyed this barrier and led to the formation of the Rehbach Gorge. | 3500 100 × 35 |
Type: gorge, layer sequence, rock type: sea chalk, sandstone, marlstone |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | especially valuable | no protected area | ||
Lime sintering W Bad Tölz | 173R043 |
Wackersberg position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | Below spring outlets at the base of gravel from the late worm period, tufa-lime and sintered limestone have recently formed on the valley floor. Further calcareous sinter formations can be found further south in the natural monument Quellmoor near the stone saw. | 3500 100 × 35 |
Type: Sinter formation, layer source type: Tufa |
no information | significant | no protected area | ||
Dolines at Wackersberg E von Höfen | 173R044 |
Wackersberg position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | Subrosion area with many sinkholes up to several meters in size. Gravel and Schotternagelfluh in the subsoil. | 20000 200 × 100 |
Type: Dolinenfeld Type: conglomerate, gravel |
Sinkhole / sinkhole | precious | no protected area | ||
Glacier cut on the main dolomite NNW of the Sylvensteindamm | 173R046 |
Lenggrie's position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | On the alpine path into the Schronbachtal, which is closed to public traffic, there is a glacier cut about 180 m from the branch of the B13 on a rock face made of Hauptdolomit. You can see welts and tear-off edges that indicate the direction of the ice movement of the Isar valley glacier. The highest level of the Würmzeit glacier is assumed to be around 1,400 m for this area. Only a few rock masses failed to emerge from the ice masses. On another inspection months later, the glacier surface seemed to have disappeared. But it wasn't: to see it well, you need the midday sun. | 20 5 × 4 |
Type: Glacier cut Type: Dolomite stone |
Slope crack / rock wall | significant | Landscape protection area | ||
Renatured gravel pit N of Puppling | 173A012 |
Egling position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | In the former gravel pit north of Puppling it can be observed how completely an earlier quarry is reappearing in the landscape. After the gravel mining had ceased, the site was largely left to its own devices. In the digital terrain model (Fig. 4), however, the old mining areas are still clearly visible. | 60000 500 × 120 |
Type: Rock, Quarry / Pit Type: Gravel |
Gravel pit / sand pit | precious | Landscape protection area, FFH area | ||
Gravel pit NE of Mooseurach | 173A017 |
Königsdorf position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | On the north slope of the large, isolated drumlin of Mooseurach, high-worm-age advancing gravel (layered with sand lenses) was exposed over meltwater gravel from the crack age. Today the ground moraine above is only exposed on the south side of the earlier mining. This resulted in large scratched attachments (Fig. 4). | 40 8 × 5 |
Type: sequence of layers, rock type: moraine, gravel |
Gravel pit / sand pit | significant | no protected area | ||
Quarzbichl sand pit W | 173A020 |
Eurasburg < position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | In a sand pit west of Quarzbichl, the Upper Nonnenwald sand is exposed with layers of coal and fine gravel. The light-colored quartz sandstone, weathered to form sand close to the surface, was formerly known as Upper Glass Sand. It comes to light here in the core of the northernmost hollow of the fold molasse (Nonnenwald hollow). The information lies in the Dachsbichl and Stuchlik wrote in 1906 that the glass sands could be found on the basis of the fox and badger burrows almost exclusively in these uniformly fine-grained sands and that lucky searches for Reineke's looted caves could even help solve difficult geological problems. The sand pits near Quarzbichl - the old pits were 300 m ESE at today's edge of the forest - are said to have supplied all southern Bavarian glassworks - in the vicinity: Nantesbuch, Benediktbeuern and Grafenaschau - with quartz sand. In the first Bavarian photograph from 1810 (Fig. 4), next to the sand pits, Mr. v. Utzschneider - the owner of the Benediktbeurer glassworks. | 3000 100 × 30 |
Type: Type of rock, sequence of layers, vegetable fossils Type: sand, gravel, brown coal |
Gravel pit / sand pit | precious | no protected area | ||
Alpine red sandstone in the Sonnersbachtal E of Lenggries | 173A028 |
Gaissach position |
Mangfall Mountains | Alpine red sandstone is rarely open in the Bavarian Alpine region. In the furthest corner of the Sonnersbachtal, on an embankment and in a ditch next to it, there are splintered-hard red sandstones, mica-bearing, banked, with mudstone intermediate layers. Ripple marks and traces can be seen on the layer surfaces. Brown, cellular dolomites and a few meters of dolomitic limestones of the Reichenhall Formation adjoin the Alpine Buntsandstein, followed by the limestones of the Virgloria Formation (Lower Alpine Muschelkalk). Here in the Sonnersbachtal are the only places in Bavaria where the Reichenhall Formation in the stratigraphic network between Alpine Buntsandstein and Alpine Muschelkalk can be clearly identified. The second outcrop is about 260 m ENE from here and can be reached by walking back 200 m on the path and taking the forest path uphill to the east. After the curve above the meadow, red sandstones appear in the gravel. Here up a wooded rubble fan and in the adjoining gully there is alpine red sandstone and reading stones from cell dolom with the Reichenhall formation. | 400 20 × 20 |
Type: Layer sequence, type of rock Type: Limestone, Rauhwacke, sandstone |
Slope crack / rock wall | precious | no protected area | ||
Till, basin silt and gravel on the Rißbach S from Vorderriß | 173A030 |
Lenggrie's position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | At the edge of the valley on both sides of the Rissbach, north of the Oswaldhütte Till, there are strewn debris, silty reservoir sediments and mighty gravel, gravel and sand from the late worm to post-glacial age. Here in the lower Rißbachtal the localis of the Rißbach glacier met the distant ice of the Isar glacier. The silts were deposited when glacier ice in the Isar valley prevented the Rissbachtal from flowing out and a lake was dammed. Delta gravel poured into the lake intermesh with the fine sediments. In the alternation of ice advance and retreat, several lakes can have formed. The Rissbach later sank into the mighty gravel that was deposited with the ice retreat, but it also created new terraces. | 60000 600 × 100 |
Type: rock type, layer sequence type: gravel, clay |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | precious | Nature reserve, FFH area, bird sanctuary | ||
Nagelfluhschwelle Isarburg on the Isar NW of Lenggries | 173A031 |
Lenggrie's position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | For canoeists and rafters, the Isarburg is the most difficult place on the Isar - WW III. A bar from Nagelfluh crosses the Isar here and creates a cataract. The Nagelfluh is classified as a minimum time. It is underlain by günzzeitlichen silty basin deposits. Not everything on the rock threshold is real: The water management office imitated the Nagelfluh during repair work (Fig. 4). | 3250 65 × 50 |
Type: Rock type, waterfall Type: conglomerate, silt |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | significant | Landscape protection area, FFH area | ||
Thrust underneath the Franz Marc Museum in Kochel | 173A032 |
Kochel a.See position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | South of the parking lot below the Franz-Marc Museum, pebble limestone from the Ruhpolding Formation (Upper Jura), folded over on a rock face, is exposed. Main dolomite (Triassic) is pushed onto the silica limestone on the left. The area is fenced. The geological conditions are clearly visible from the sidewalk. | 70 14 × 5 |
Type: Fault Type: pebble limestone, dolomite stone |
Slope crack / rock wall | significant | no protected area | ||
Tufa on the Riedbach W of Sachsenhausen | 173A033 |
Egling position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The water of the Riedbach west of Sachsenhausen is highly calciferous. In addition to mossy tuff terraces, the stream has an almost petrified stream bed in places. Caddis fly larvae are found in abundance. Worm-like tubes at the bottom of the brook are living tubes of mosquito larvae. They are encrusted by lime-separating green algae and can build up tufa layers. The brook is deepened in loose limestone tuffs, several meters thick, which also contain black organic layers. The profile described in detail in the explanations of the geological map in these deposits of more than 8 m thickness should be the profile at the object point (impact slope). The RH value given in the explanations is then incorrect. In places on the slope of the valley there are also hard limestone sinter with hollow forms of reeds and stalactite-like shapes. The calcareous waters come from Pleistocene gravel over moraine or on molasse subsoil. | 1500 100 × 15 |
Type: Rock type: Tufa limestone |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | significant | Landscape protection area, FFH area | ||
Kalktuffe W from Achmühle | 173A034 |
Münsing position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | West of Achmühle, on the slope of the Loisach valley, lies a bumpy slide area that is criss-crossed by numerous lime-separating spring streams. In the streams, limestone tuffs are formed as encrustations of mosses, branches and pebbles and as tufted terraces. Stream sections show that the subsoil also consists of loose limestone tuff or washed up limestone tuff sand. The groundwater is likely to originate from - mapped a little further south - crack-age meltwater gravel over conglomerates of the Upper Freshwater Molasse (OSM) and emerge on damming marls of the OSM. The overburden of the Würmzeit moraine is very wet and has moved down the slope as a result. The restless terrain is likely to be partly due to the excavation of tufa. | 120000 400 × 300 |
Type: Rock type, sinter formation Type: Tufa limestone |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | significant | no protected area | ||
Impact slope of the Isar N from Geretsried-Gartenberg | 173A037 |
Pupplinger Au position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | North of Geretsried-Gartenberg you can see the north-facing slope across the river from the gravel banks on the Isar. Postglacial river gravel lie above the Till of the Worm Ice Age ground moraine. To the east, the gravel lies on yellow-brown silts with sediment content (Fig. 3), presumably reclaimed marls from the Upper Freshwater Molasse. 250 m to the west, groundwater emerges from the gravel on the damming till on the west side of the Isar impact slope (Fig. 4) and leads to small landslides. | 560 280 × 2 |
Type: sequence of layers, impact slope Type: gravel, moraine, marl |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | precious | Nature reserve, FFH area | ||
Outcrops and landslides at Schindergraben NW of Deining | 173A038 |
Egling position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The Schindergraben is mostly dry valley in its upper reaches. Mindelzeitliche Nagelflühen stand on the slopes and form steps in the stream bed. Where the ditch is water-bearing again, the damming marls of the Upper Freshwater Molasse come to light. Incidentally, immediately above this, the Pleistocene gravel has not hardened to Nagelfuh. On both sides of the exit of the Schindergraben into the Isar valley at the Naturfreundehaus there is a wide slide area with neck valleys and clods of Nagelfluh. The nail feet have slipped on the superficially soaked, soft molasse marls. A gallery of spring outlets runs along the foot of the slide. | 150,000 500 × 300 |
Type: Sequence of layers, landslide Type: Conglomerate, marl |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | significant | FFH area | ||
Type locality of the Tratenbach layers ENE from Lenggries | 173A039 |
Lenggrie's position |
Mangfall Mountains | On the Tratenbach east of Lenggries is the type locality of the Tratenbach layers. The Tratenbach layers are a turbiditic sediment sequence consisting of sandstones, marls and conglomerates with a sandy matrix. Most of the pebbles are of volcanic origin (porphyry). Between 960 and 980 m, the Lower Tratenbach strata with conglomerates are well exposed on the Tratenbach. The Tratenbach strata connect to the Losenstein Formation and have an age from Obercenoman to at least the Paleocene. The layers were deposited as synorogenic sediments during the alpine mountain formation on the later limestone alpine marginal scales and the Allgäu cover. At the same time as the Tratenbach strata, the fire spot formation was deposited in front of the approaching Lechtald ceiling forehead to the south. While the Branderfleck formation contains calcareous alpine components of the Lechtal cover, the Tratenbach layers contain volcanic rocks as exotic pebbles. The delivery area of the Tratenbach strata is seen in a ridge to the north - also interpreted as an accretion wedge (Fig. 4 from Willscher 2004). | 1500 100 × 15 |
Type: Type locality Type: Conglomerate |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | especially valuable | no protected area | ||
See chalk on Staffelgraben W from Sylvensteinsee | 173A040 |
Jachenau position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | Sea chalk used to be mined at the lower Staffelgraben. The name of the old chalk quarry indicates this. Traces of degradation have long since slipped over. A profile exposed over 50 m in height by landslides and rinsing shows impressively gravel and sand over basin silts (sea chalk). The basin silt is placed in the early Würm and is likely to have been deposited when the gravel of the advancing ice in the Isar valley blocked the side valley and a reservoir formed. 110 m further on, the basin silts with strewn scree layers are opened up again on a collision slope. | 3200 160 × 20 |
Type: Rock type, impact slope Type: gravel, sea chalk |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | precious | Landscape protection area | ||
Tufa at Isarblick WSW from Haarschwaige | 173A042 |
Dietramszell position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | In the stream above the Puppling - Ascholding road, limestone tuffs are deposited on marls and fine sands of the Upper Freshwater Molasse. Cushion-like tuffs (Fig. 4) are separated from Cyanophyceae. The black coating is likely to be iron-manganese hydroxide. There are also tuffs, which consist of fine tubes and which are built up by mosquito larvae. | 300 50 × 6 |
Type: Type of rock, type of layers : Tufa, sand |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | significant | Landscape protection area | ||
Findling N from Langau | 173R008 |
Bad Heilbrunn position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | To the north of Langau there is a granite boulder on a Wuermzeit moraine. The boulder is a natural monument. | 2 2 × 1 |
Type: Boulder Type: Granite |
block | Interesting | no protected area | ||
Findling NE from Pfisterberg | 173R011 |
Kochel a.See position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | On the slope of a valley below the path from Pfisterberg to Benediktbeuern there is a rather large mossy finding. The boulder consists of a clearly layered gneiss. | 6 3 × 2 |
Type: Boulder Type: Gneiss |
block | Interesting | Natural monument | ||
Findling S from Hinter-Rothenrain | 173R015 |
Wackersberg position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | At the edge of a drumlin south of Hinter-Rothenhain lies a block of beautifully pleated gneiss. The block looks only a little out of its surroundings and is overgrown. Either it is coherently larger than visible under the ground cover or it consists of several parts. Two holes could be from an attempt to disassemble the block. The boulder is a natural monument. | 4 2 × 2 |
Type: Boulder Type: Gneiss |
block | Interesting | FFH area | ||
Marl of the Upper Freshwater Molasse ESE from Geretsried | 173R020 |
Wolfratshauser Forst position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | On an old terrace edge of the Isar - today there is a dry oxbow lake below - a water leak has led to a small slide and exposed the standing marls of the Upper Freshwater Molasse - the so-called Flinzmargel. The marls contain calcareous concretions. Aquifer is a thin cover of postglacial river gravel on the Tertiary. | 10 5 × 2 |
Type: impact slope, rock type: gravel, marl |
Slope crack / rock wall | significant | Nature reserve, FFH area | ||
Hell pit on the SE side of the Benediktenwand | 173R025 |
Jachenau position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | On the southeast side of the Benediktenwand, surrounded on three sides by Wetterstein limestone, there is a drainless depression of remarkable depth, the Höllgrube. Compared to its southern boundary, it has a depth of 57 m. At the eastern edge of the Höllgrube, the Partnach formation is in the core of the Höllgrube saddle. How the hell pit came about can only be guessed at. On the eastern edge of the Höllgrube and further east around the Scharnitzalm there are many small sinkholes in the Partnach Formation and in the Alpine Muschelkalk, which, however, cannot explain such a deep hollow shape. It is believed that an old karst hollow was remodeled here by local glaciers. The hell pit is therefore called the cardoline. The basin floor has a rare snow-floor vegetation. A meltwater lake forms briefly in May / June. The result of a tracer input into the lake suggests a complicated drainage system in karst / fissured aquifers to the SW sources of the Bichler Alm. | 60000 300 × 200 |
Type: sinkhole, cirque Type: limestone, marl |
no information | precious | Natural monument | ||
Boulders at Hahnbauer W in Bad Tölz | 173R029 |
Wackersberg position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | On a hill WSW from Hahnbauer farm - embedded in the Würm moraine - lies an angular gneiss boulder. In the immediate vicinity there are more boulder blocks made of crystalline and flysch rock. 3 Erratic blocks of gneiss south of Hahnbauer on Fl.Nr .: 599, Gde. Wackersberg are natural monuments. | 2 2 × 1 |
Type: Boulder Type: Gneiss |
block | Interesting | Natural monument | ||
Boulder 250 m NNE of the Blombergbahn | 173R030 |
Wackersberg position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | A broken boulder made of Enzenau marble lies - surrounded and overgrown by pasture and barbed wire - 250 m north-northeast of the Blombergbahn valley station. The Kressenberg Formation is mapped 1,200 m south of the boulder in the narrow zone of the Helvetic Enzenau marble. The block must have been transported from there by the glacier. The boulder is a natural monument. Please only visit with the consent of the property owner! | 30 6 × 5 |
Type: Boulder Type: Limestone |
block | Interesting | Natural monument | ||
Boulder in Degerndorf | 173R039 |
Münsing position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | The large rounded boulder made of gneiss with amphibolite bands was erected as a memorial at an intersection in Degerndorf. | 4 2 × 2 |
Type: Boulder Type: Gneiss, Amphibolite |
block | Interesting | no protected area | ||
Waterfall in the main dolomite of the Lainltal N of Jachenau | 173R047 |
Jachenau position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | To the northeast of the Lainlalm, the water of the Glasbach falls over rock steps in the steep north-falling main dolomite. The waterfall can be reached from Jachenau on the forest road along the Große Laine and from the Lainlalm on a hiking trail. At the Lainlalm a west-east-trending scale of the Raibl formation is crossed between the main dolomites. | 800 40 × 20 |
Type: Waterfall Type: Dolomite stone |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | significant | no protected area | ||
Foundling SSE from Ort in the Jachenau | 173R048 |
Jachenau position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | About 70 m away from the Jachen, on the edge of a pasture under trees, there is a boulder made of light-colored metamorphic rock from the Central Alps. Whether it is gneiss or mica slate cannot be decided on the weathered rock. Gneiss should contain more than 20% feldspar, mica slate less than 20%. The boulder was transported from the Isar glacier. The mountain range between Jachenau and Isartal had largely disappeared under ice when the ice was at its highest point. Only the highest peaks are likely to have stuck out. | 6 3 × 2 |
Type: Boulder Type: Mica slate |
block | significant | FFH area | ||
Impact slope of the Isar W from Bairawies | 173R049 |
Dietramszell position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | On the Isar, west of Bairawies, it can be observed how an impact slope shifts into meadow terrain and how agricultural areas are lost. In this area, the Isar is to receive (back) its natural flow dynamics. Therefore, old barriers to protect the bank had been removed from the river a long time ago. As a result - especially during floods - the worm-age basin silts on the bank are eroded and the overlying meltwater gravel roll or fall into the river. These compensatory movements up to a meanwhile stable angle of slope continue upwards over the entire 11 m high slope until finally the grass sods above also tear off. They are scattered over the entire slope in their downward movement. To let the river dynamics of the Isar run free here is desired for nature conservation reasons. The state has therefore acquired a strip of meadow bordering the river that can no longer - or soon no longer - be cultivated. Attention! Keep a sufficient distance to the unstable slope edge! | 2400 120 × 20 |
Type: Prallhang Type: Gravel, silt |
Impact slope / river bed / stream profile | precious | Nature reserve | ||
Humpback meadows of the Königsdorfer Alm S from Geretsried | 173R050 |
Königsdorf position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | Humpback meadows represent a geomorphological peculiarity of the Alpine region. The processes that led to their creation can, however, differ depending on the location and the substrate. At the Königsdorfer Alm, high-worm-age carbonate meltwater gravel is the substrate on which humpback meadows have developed. Gravel shows up where the bumps are cut. A differentiated initial relief can arise from the fact that where water drips off trees or snow remains for a long time, the carbonate solution attacks more intensely. The resulting relief is exposed by clearing or a new relief is created. The concentration of the runoff in the troughs then contributes to further carbonate dissolution and hump formation. The humpback meadows at the Königsdorfer Alm and around meadows represent the northernmost humpback meadows in the Upper Bavarian Alpine foothills. | 240000 1200 × 200 |
Type: humpback meadow Type: gravel |
other information | precious | Part of the landscape, FFH area | ||
Boulder at 1,000 m S from Walchensee | 173R051 |
Jachenau position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | To the south of Lake Walchensee at a height of about 1,000 m on a forest road there is a large boulder made of gneiss, probably orthogneiss. The area of what is now Walchensee was covered by the ice of the Isar glacier during the Würm Ice Age. The maximum ice level was still a few 100 m higher than the point at which the boulder was deposited. | 24 6 × 4 |
Type: Boulder Type: Gneiss |
block | significant | Landscape protection area | ||
Boulder WSW from Tannern | 173R052 |
Jachenau position |
Isar-Loisach mountain region | About 500 WSW of Tannern there is a large boulder made of mica slate or gneiss on the edge of a forest. The distant ice of the Isar glacier also filled the Jachenau - at the highest ice level up to 1,000 m. | 24 6 × 4 |
Type: Boulder Type: Mica slate |
block | significant | no protected area | ||
Ice crumbling landscape of Kirchsee and Kirchseefilzen | 173R053 |
Bad Toelz position |
Isar-Loisach young moraine region | Kirchsee and Kirchseefilzen are the relics of the Zungenbeckensee of the Tölzer Lobus of the Isar-Loisach Glacier. There are indications that a large mass of dead ice slowly melted here beforehand. Gravel and gravel were poured against this ice from W to SW. Piles of gravel against ice are known as kames. At the point of the object, the former edge of the dead ice emerges as a wall. The irregular relief to the west of it is caused by the overflow of smaller dead ice masses. When they melted, dead ice holes remained. Where the large dead ice melted in the east, a lake formed, which was first filled in with gravel and finally silted up with silt and clay deposits up to today's Kirchsee. Moors developed in his environment. | 3600000 3000 × 1200 |
Type: Ice crumbling landscape, Kames Type: peat, gravel, gravel |
no information | significant | no protected area |
See also
- List of nature reserves in the Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen district
- List of landscape protection areas in the Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen district
- List of FFH areas in the Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen district
Individual evidence
- ↑ Data source: Bavarian State Office for the Environment, www.lfu.bayern.de, Geotoprecherche (accessed on September 16, 2017)
Web links
Commons : Geotopes in the Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen district - collection of images, videos and audio files