List of geotopes in the Amberg-Sulzbach district

This list contains the geotopes of the Upper Palatinate district of Amberg-Sulzbach in Bavaria . The list contains the official names and numbers of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment (LfU) as well as their geographical location. This list may not be complete. Around 3,400 geotopes (as of March 2020) are recorded in the Bavarian geotope register. The LfU does not consider some geotopes suitable for publication on the Internet. For example, some objects are not safely accessible or may only be entered to a limited extent for other reasons.

Surname	image	Geotope ID	Municipality / location	Geological unit of space	description	Area m² / extension m	geology	Digestion type	value	Protection status	comment
Former limestone quarry near Rieden		371A001	Ensdorf position	Middle Franconian Alb	The outcrops on the embankment of Vilstalstrasse are the remains of the former limestone quarry. You can see the limestones of the Malm alpha and beta in bank facies. Most of the areas are now almost completely overgrown, but a section directly on the bike path still gives a good insight into the typical structure of the layers: 1 - 2 dm thick limestone banks alternate with thin layers of fine-leaved marl. According to modern nomenclature, the rocks of the outcrop are placed in the Hartmannshof Formation (Middle Oxfordian - Lower Kimmeridgian).	300 30 × 10	Type: Rock Type: Limestone	Quarry	significant	no protected area
Quarry near Pettenhof		371A004	Schmidmühlen position	Middle Franconian Alb	In the abandoned quarry, banked limestone and marl are exposed. Sometimes there are numerous fossils. The effects of soil formation on limestone can be clearly seen in the upper area: upwards the bank dissolves into individual lime blocks.	3750 75 × 50	Type: Rock type, Fissure type: Limestone	Quarry	significant	Landscape protection area
Carnelian bench NE by Schnaittenbach		371A005	Schnaittenbach position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	In the bubble sandstone, a layer of the sandstone keuper, carnelian horizons appear in places (up to more than 1 m in thickness). Here the carnelian bench takes up an area of approx. 6000 square meters. However, it is only unlocked by mineral collectors in a few small places. Carnelian is the reddish colored variant of chalcedony. Chalcedony consists of cryptocrystalline silicon dioxide (same chemistry as quartz) and has a waxy sheen.	20 2 × 10	Type: Minerals, Rock Type: Sandstone	Schurf	significant	no protected area
Sand pits N by Suss		371A006	Hahnbach position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	Castle sandstone as well as terrace sand and flowing earth from the Quaternary were exposed in the sand pits. The former sand pits are now largely backfilled and recultivated. Only the southern part of the pit with castle sandstone is still open. Colored sandstones with mudstone horizons emerge on the heavily sloping pit walls with deep erosion channels (badlands). The pit wall appears striped in white, red and purple.	31250 250 × 125	Type: Rock Type: Sandstone	Gravel pit / sand pit	significant	no protected area
Former quarry E from Oberweißbach		371A007	Vilseck position	Northern Franconian Alb	In the quarries E from Oberweißbach to Teufelslochleite, Malm Alpha and Beta are open in bank facies. Karst hollow forms filled with colorful Cretaceous sediments are cut into the quarries near Oberweißbach. The break is now strongly overgrown.	60000 300 × 200	Type: Rock, Animal Fossils, Karst Vent, Karst Fissure Type: Limestone	Quarry	significant	no protected area
Sand pit on the Kühberg		371A008	Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	The sand pit on Kühberg has largely been abandoned, but sand may still be extracted sporadically. Most of the pit is overgrown or filled, only in a few places is the sandstone of the Rhaet-Lias transition layers well exposed. There the base of the wall consists of a light, several meters thick cross-layered sandstone bank. It is overlaid by a sequence of clearly banked yellowish-brownish sandstones that are differently consolidated.	42500 425 × 100	Type: Rock Type: Sandstone	Gravel pit / sand pit	significant	FFH area
Hornstein-rich dolomite NE from Albersdorf		371A009	Neukirchen bei Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Northern Franconian Alb	On the forest slope there is very chert-rich dolomite in several house-sized rocks or rock towers and small exposed walls.	5000 100 × 50	Type: Type of rock, rock face / slope Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Landscape protection area, nature park
Dolomite rock SW of Lockenricht	more pictures	371A010	Neukirchen bei Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Middle Franconian Alb	Banked, chert-rich dolomite stone stands in several rocks here. At the foot of the rocks there are sometimes small karst holes and a large abri. The rock group known as the lookout rock lies on a circular hiking trail (cave path).	400 20 × 20	Type: Type of rock, rock face / slope Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, nature park
Quarry on Ödersberg NE of Fürnried		371A011	Birgland position	Middle Franconian Alb	In the Fürnrieder Wanne a series of well-banked limes (Malm-Epsilon) is exposed, which occasionally contain chert, crinoid stalk limbs and rarely brachipods.	300 30 × 10	Type: Rock Type: Limestone	Quarry	significant	no protected area
Rock foot in Högen		371A012	Weigendorf position	Middle Franconian Alb	In Högen, two outcrops show reef dolomites over the banked limestone of the Malm Beta. An imposing rock tower in the middle of the village is now completely surrounded by houses and is therefore no longer accessible. The well-preserved rock face on the northern edge of the village, however, is easily accessible. The change from bank facies to massive reef facies can be clearly seen there.	75 15 × 5	Type: Layer sequence, rock tower / needle Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	precious	Landscape protection area
Kaolin sand pit at Forsthof NW of Tanzfleck		371A014	Clearance position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	In the now abandoned pit, quartz-feldspar-kaolin sand from the middle red sandstone was extracted as a raw material for the ceramic industry. A large part of the mine area now houses a lake. The kaolin sands are of the same age as those at Hirschau-Schnaittenbach. They are strongly kaolinized feldspar-rich river sediments (channel deposits, stratified flood sediments).	93750 375 × 250	Type: Rock Type: Arkose	Gravel pit / sand pit	precious	no protected area
Former quarry N von Malsbach		371A017	Hohenburg position	Middle Franconian Alb	In the abandoned quarry, Werkalk (Malm Beta) and Unter-Kimmeridge strata (Malm Gamma) are exposed. The formerly clearly visible layer boundary of the two units can no longer be recognized as a result of the vegetation. The banked limestones are fossil-bearing (e.g. molluscs: mussel shells, belemnite rusts).	200 20 × 10	Type: Layer sequence Type: Limestone	Quarry	significant	Landscape protection area, nature park
Outcrop at Mausberg SW von Gibbach		371A020	Hahnbach position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	On the Mausberg, obliquely layered sandstones of the Rhaet-Lias transition layers are exposed on a small area. The sandstones here reach a thickness of 12-15 meters and form a steep step in the slope. In the fairly overgrown outcrop the traces of processing from the breakdown can still be seen.	100 10 × 10	Type: Rock Type: Sandstone	other information	significant	no protected area
Outcrops W from Kricklhof		371A021	Hirschau position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	In the former quarry, fine-grain granite was mined, which emerges here under a thin layer of the overburden. The granite can still be seen relatively well, but the approximately 1 meter thick Permotriadic sediments (carnelian dolomite) can hardly be seen.	150 15 × 10	Type: Discordance, sequence of layers Type: Granite, dolomite stone	Quarry	significant	no protected area
Kaolin pits near Hirschau-Schnaittenbach	more pictures	371A022	Hirschau position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	Kaolin (china clay) has been mined in the Hirschau - Schnaittenbach area since the first half of the 19th century. This is where the 40-meter-thick sequence of layers of the higher main red sandstone (middle red sandstone) comes to light. The strikingly light, kaolinite-containing sands are extracted in open-cast mining. Originally deposited as sand containing feldspar, the sequence of layers is strongly kaolinized, i.e. the feldspar has largely been converted into the clay mineral kaolinite.	3000000 6000 × 500	Type: kaolinization, rock type: sandstone	Open pit	precious	no protected area	Bavaria's most beautiful geotopes No. 65
Sand pit NNW of Atzmannsricht		371A024	Give Bach position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	Light to white, evenly fine-grained, only weakly bound sands of the Dogger Beta are several tens of meters thick. In contrast to the otherwise widespread typical brown-yellow formation of the Dogger iron sandstone, the sands here in the Hirschau region usually contain hardly any iron. When washed, they are used in the glass industry - hence the name glass sand. But they are also used for various other technical purposes.	35000 175 × 200	Type: Rock Type: Sandstone	Gravel pit / sand pit	significant	no protected area
Former quarry WSW of Bischofsreuth		371A028	Koenigstein position	Northern Franconian Alb	In the old quarry, large-scale, banked Malm-Beta limestone has been exposed (fossil discovery site). But the way to the former quarry is already overgrown, the quarry itself is almost inaccessible (heavily bushed!).	7500 150 × 50	Type: Rock Type: Limestone	Quarry	significant	Landscape protection area, nature park
Former Sand pit W von Sand near Auerbach		371A030	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	The former sand pit is now largely overgrown, but the wall on the east side still allows an impression of the chalk sediments there - the Auerbach cellar sandstone. Coarse-grained to fine-gravel arkose appears at the outcrop, i.e. sand that contains quartz as well as a significant proportion of feldspar. The sand (stone) is only weakly bound. It is divided into several decimetres thick benches, which internally show a diagonal stratification.	20 10 × 2	Type: Rock Type: Arkose	Gravel pit / sand pit	precious	FFH area, nature park
Street embankment with rock cellar in Auerbach		371A031	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	On the embankment, the Cretaceous sediments spread around Auerbach - the Auerbach cellar sandstone - are exposed. The coarse-grained quartz-feldspar-sandstone (arkose) shows as the most conspicuous sedimentary structures inclined stratification and precipitation of iron hydroxide (yellow-brown colorations). The loosely bound sandstone is easy to work on, as the cutting tracks and the rock cellars on the road show. The sandstone also got its name after the rock cellars.	100 50 × 2	Type: rock type, rock cellar type: arkose	embankment	precious	Natural park
Sandstone rocks in Aschach		371A032	Freudenberg position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	In the middle of the village on the embankment, sandstones of the Rhaetian transition layers are exposed. The yellow-brown sandstones, which are designed here as coarse sandstones, show oblique layers. They are easy to work on, as the rock cellars carved into the stone prove. The sandstones are much more stable than the underlying Feuerletten and the overlying Liastonen, so that they appear as a striking steep step (layer step).	40 20 × 2	Type: Rock Type: Sandstone	embankment	precious	no protected area
Conglomerate blocks N of Hohenkemnath		371A033	Ursensollen position	Middle Franconian Alb	In the wood there is a stream of blocks (as well as blocks collected) from the Amberg ore conglomerate. The conglomerate and breccia blocks contain fragments of Malmkalk, pebbles and iron ore as well as quartz pebbles. The material is embedded in a yellowish to deep dark red sandy matrix. The rock was created in the Obercenoman when the sea penetrated the Amberg Bay, where both chalk ore and Jura limestone were due to tectonic movements.	2500 50 × 50	Type: rock type, block flow type: breccia, conglomerate	block	precious	Natural park
Former Glass sand pit N by Atzmannsricht		371A034	Hirschau position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	Former glass sand pit, closed after the main road was rebuilt. The pit was not backfilled and in the future it will probably be one of the few Dogger glass sand pits that could be permanently preserved.	3000 100 × 30	Type: Rock Type: Sand	Gravel pit / sand pit	significant	no protected area
Aufgel. Großschönbrunn quarry NE		371A035	Clearance position	Northern Franconian Alb	In the Haarhölzern NE of Großschönbrunn there is an extensive area with abandoned quarries in the Seugast sandstone (factory sandstone of the Oberturon). The outcrops include a dismantling wall up to approx. 10 m high with traces of processing. These are the only outcrops recorded as a geotope in the Seugast sandstone.	35000 500 × 70	Type: rock type, layer sequence, quarry / pit type: sandstone	Quarry	precious	no protected area
Theuern NNE quarry		371A036	Kümmersbruck position	Middle Franconian Alb	According to modern nomenclature, the rocks of this geotope belong to the Arzberg Formation (Lower Kimmeridgian) and Theuern Subformation of the Treuchtlingen Formation (lower Upper Kimmeridgian). In the lower area of the quarry, the Arzberg formation has been mined. The Theuern subformation forms the upper end of the outcrop.	70,000 350 × 200	Type: Type locality, layer sequence Type: Limestone	Quarry	precious	Landscape component, landscape protection area, nature park
Former sand pit E von Diebis		371A037	Ebermannsdorf position	Middle Franconian Alb	Tuberous sand subformation (the sub-turon Winzerberg formation) in atypical formation with a clear feldspar content, fossil (fracture) management.	0 not specified	Type: Type of rock, type of layer sequence : Sandstone	Gravel pit / sand pit	significant	no protected area
Exposure NE of Leidersdorf		371A038	Ensdorf position	Middle Franconian Alb	According to modern nomenclature, the rocks of this geotope belong to the Lower Franconian Alb formation. With the information on rock and stratigraphy stored in the BIS, the geology of this geotope can currently (March 2014) only be reproduced very inadequately.	40 20 × 2	Type: Layer sequence Type: Limestone	embankment	significant	no protected area
Rock clearance E from Spieshof		371A039	Vineyard position	Middle Franconian Alb	According to modern nomenclature, the rocks of this geotope belong to the Frankenalb formation. This occurrence is the one with the youngest rocks of the Weißjura on the Kartenballt Rieden. In addition to the mass dolomites, the Velburg horizon is developed here. This is a prominent key horizon. With a thickness of up to 5 meters, this horizon with medium-banked and level limestone and dolomite stones occurs widespread in the Franconian Alb and separates both the mass dolomites / limestone of the Lower from the Middle Franconian Alb formation, as well as the thick-banked to giant-banked dolomites the Bernhof sub-formation of the Pottenstein Formation from the layer members of the Pottenstein Formation following above. With the information on rock and stratigraphy stored in the BIS, the geology of this geotope can currently (March 2014) only be reproduced very inadequately.	300 30 × 10	Type: Layer sequence, type of rock Type: Dolomite stone	Rock slope / cliff	precious	Landscape protection area, nature park
Quarry NE of Spieshof		371A040	Vineyard position	Middle Franconian Alb	According to modern nomenclature, the rocks of this geotope belong to the Theuern subformation of the Treuchtlingen formation. With the information on rocks and stratigraphy stored in the BIS, the geology of this geotope can currently (March 2014) only be reproduced very inadequately.	750 50 × 15	Type: Rock Type: Limestone	Quarry	significant	Landscape protection area, nature park
Rock clearance N from Spieshof		371A041	Vineyard position	Middle Franconian Alb	According to modern nomenclature, the rocks in this geotope belong to the Bernhof subformation of the Pottenstein Formation. With the information on rock and stratigraphy stored in the BIS, the geology of this geotope can currently (March 2014) only be reproduced very inadequately.	4500 150 × 30	Type: Rock type, rock group Type: Dolomite stone	Rock slope / cliff	precious	Landscape protection area, nature park
Limestone quarry at the western foot of the Riedener Schloßberg		371A042	Vineyard position	Middle Franconian Alb	The abandoned quarry was listed for the first time in the building materials map from 1947 as object 565/12 (Werkkalk des Unteren Malm), then in the quarry register in 1957 as object 565/16. According to modern nomenclature, the rocks of this geotope belong to the Arzberg Formation (Lower Kimmeridgian) and Bernhof Subformation of the Pottenstein Formation (lower Upper Kimmeridgian). The limestones of the Arzberg Formation were mined. The Bernhof subformation, shaped by the dolomites, stands immediately above the outcrop. The community-owned quarry was released in 2013 and shows, among other things, (paleo-) karst phenomena. With the information on rock and stratigraphy stored in the BIS, the geology of this geotope can currently (March 2014) only be reproduced very inadequately.	4900 140 × 35	Type: Layer sequence, type of rock Type: Limestone, dolomite stone	Quarry	precious	Natural park
Abandoned quarry in Schmidmühlen		371A043	Schmidmühlen position	Middle Franconian Alb	The abandoned quarry is on the road towards Burglengenfeld (St 2235). There are clearly banked limestones of the Arzberg Formation (formerly: Upper Marl Limestone of the Malm gamma), the Arzberg Formation is completely open. A larger karst chimney is located roughly in the middle of the exposed wall. Horizontal armor can be seen in the south-east wall. Today the site is used as a base for the road construction department. Entry is possible after consultation.	3200 80 × 40	Type: Type of rock, layer sequence, fault, sediment structures, karst chimney, karst crevice, quarry / pit Type: Limestone	Quarry	precious	Natural park
Former Quarry E of Sigras		371A046	Edelsfeld position	Northern Franconian Alb	Quarry in the stratified facies of the White Jura. The bench limes of the Hartmannshof Formation (Werkkalke) and the Arzberg Formation (Upper Marl Limestone) were mined. The boundary between the two units are the rocks of the Platynota zone with the ammonite species from which it is named, Sutneria platynota. Compared to the limestones in the lying and hanging walls, this area has a very strong emphasis on marl (Platynota marl). The bottom of the abandoned quarry is very overgrown and overgrown, so that it is very difficult to enter during the growing season.	7500 150 × 50	Type: Layer sequence, type of rock : Limestone	Quarry	significant	no protected area
Web incision WSW from Schlicht		371A047	Vilseck position	Northern Franconian Alb	Along the approx. 200 m long embankment, yellowish-brown to rust-brown Great Dane sandstones are exposed again and again	1000 200 × 5	Type: sequence of layers, type of rock type: sandstone	embankment	significant	Landscape protection area
Former Sand pit at Schwabenberg SE from Axtheid-Berg		371A050	Vilseck position	Northern Franconian Alb	This is where the so-called Vilseck building sands are found. These light to brownish, obliquely layered quartz feldspar kaolin sands (with occasional limonite lenses and layers) are now part of the Seugast subformation of the Roding Formation. (Geology under strain 2 - geological description is incorrect, but the stratigraphy stored for geotopes currently does not allow a more meaningful assignment). The north-east wall of the pit is still open today and allows an insight into the layer structure.	1200 40 × 30	Type: Type of rock, type of layer sequence : Sand	Gravel pit / sand pit	significant	no protected area
Hohlweg SW of Oberlohhof		371A051	Vilseck position	Northern Franconian Alb	Border area between the Seugast subformation of the Roding Formation and the Jeding Formation. The yellowish-brown, immature Seugaster sandstone, which was deposited in a continental environment, is closed off by a limonitic horizon. This is developed in the ravine. A high point of the national survey carved into the sandstone also marks this area. The light greenish-gray, uniform-grain and mostly fine-grain sandstones of the Jeding Formation set in above the lemonite horizon. A low to very low, but almost always present mica flow is characteristic of this sandstone, which was deposited under shallow marine conditions.	2 2 × 1	Type: Rock Type: Sandstone	embankment	significant	no protected area
Former Quarry SW of Wickenricht		371A052	Vilseck position	Northern Franconian Alb	The former quarry in the SW Rockfall of Wickenricht is an example of the formerly numerous small quarries in the limestone of the White Jura, which were built to supply the nearest villages with road construction material. The well-banked limestones of the Hartmannshof formation (factory limes) were mined at this point. The relatively intense, narrow fissures here allow the limestone to crumble in small pieces.	900 30 × 30	Type: Layer sequence, type of rock : Limestone	Quarry	significant	no protected area
Former Quarry SW of Reisach		371A053	Vilseck position	Northern Franconian Alb	After the Second World War, several small quarries were operated in W von Schlicht on the northern edge of the slope to the Vilstal to extract packing material, gravel and grit as well as white lime and fertilizer lime. One of these quarries is the small quarry located approx. 300 m SW of Reisach on the so-called Teufelsweg, in which limestones from the Hartmannshof formation in the Weißjura were mined. Less than 100 m SSW from this quarry there is another former quarry in these rocks. The frost-resistant material was very useful as road gravel. For a short time it was also processed into quicklime. The lime kiln used for this is located in SE von Reisach im Vilstal and is still preserved today.	1800 60 × 30	Type: Layer sequence, type of rock : Limestone	Quarry	significant	no protected area
Former Quarry SE from Reisach		371A055	Vilseck position	Northern Franconian Alb	On the northern edge of the slope to the Vilstal, W von Schlicht operated a few quarries for the extraction of packing material, gravel and grit as well as white lime and fertilizer lime. The limestones of the Hartmannshof formation of the Weißjura were quarried. In the quarry SE in Reisach, the extracted material was processed for the respective purpose. Among other things, burnt lime was also produced in a lime kiln built after the Second World War. But after just a few years, the production of quicklime was stopped again. All of these quarries have been abandoned for many years and only the lime kiln and some open quarry walls still remind of the dismantling.	6300 70 × 90	Type: rock type, lime kiln type: limestone	Quarry	significant	no protected area
Iron ore mining Anna shaft		371G001	Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	Of the mine, which was closed in 1974, only the winding tower of the St. Anna shaft (industrial monument) remains. The underground mining of the iron ore fields near Sulzbach-Rosenberg began in the 19th century. Since a large amount of ore could not be mined in the shafts sunk directly into the ore bodies (safety pillar), the St. Anna shaft was sunk as a central shaft outside the ore formation through sandy and clayey upper chalk sediments into the Malm limestone in 1954 under difficult conditions.	2500 50 × 50	Type: shaft type: iron ore, sandstone, siltstone	no information	significant	no protected area
Iron ore mining Leonie mine	more pictures	371G002	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	The Celts probably already extracted iron ore in Auerbach. Mining of the upper ore deposit began in the Middle Ages. The underground construction of the Leoni pit with ore extraction from the lower store was opened in 1972, the mine was in operation until 1989. The former company site is now an industrial site, the headframe is still standing. To the north and east is the fracture field created above the underground mining field with numerous collapse funnels (Pingen, partly filled with water) (NSG).	40000 200 × 200	Type: shaft, pinge field Type: iron ore, sandstone	no information	significant	Natural park
Monte Kaolino near Hirschau	more pictures	371G004	Hirschau position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	Near the villages of Hirschau and Schnaittenbach, kaolinitic sands have been mined from the middle red sandstone for the extraction of the clay mineral kaolinite for a long time. Kaolinite - the white gold of the Upper Palatinate - is mainly used in the ceramics industry. B. needed for porcelain production. The waste material (quartz sand) from kaolin mining today forms a mountain more than 100 m high, Monte Kaolino. The artificial embankment is used for tourism as a ski slope.	160000 400 × 400	Type: Stockpile Type: Sand	no information	precious	no protected area
Maffei shafts of the Nitzlbuch mine		371G005	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	In the extensive hollow, heaps and depressions indicate the former mining (fracture field above the mined ore deposit). The conveyor system with the two winding towers is still there. Today there is a mining museum on the former premises. Opening times (as of 2014): May to September, Sundays 3pm to 5pm, information: http://www.museumtheuern.de/museum/ .	60000 300 × 200	Type: Shaft Type: Iron Ore	no information	significant	Monument protection, nature park
Bruchfeld Grossenfalz		371G006	Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	The Großfalz NSG is located directly above a former iron ore body that was almost completely mined from 1959 to 1974. The locality at that time had to be relocated in the early 1960s. The ore mining was carried out in such a way that the iron ore was removed in slices until the ore body was exhausted. Later the mountains collapsed over the cavity and left a fracture field with very restless morphology on the surface of the earth. The largest pinge is now filled with water (lake).	20000 200 × 100	Type: Pinge / nfeld Type: sand, clay	no information	precious	Nature reserve
Bruchfeld am Galgenberg		371G007	Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	The fracture field at Galgenberg is one of several fracture fields that trace the former location of the mined iron ore bodies of Sulzbach-Rosenberg. They move about NNW-SSE from Großenfalz to Eichelberg. The cavities created during mining later collapsed and the rock above sagged. This created the break fields with deep crevices and pings. The crevasses on the upper slope used to be more than 20 m deep. The movements are not yet completed.	45000 300 × 150	Type: Pinge / nfeld Type: Dolomite stone, sandstone, mudstone	Ping	significant	no protected area
Mill quarry W of Massenricht		371G008	Hirschau position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	Between Ehenfeld and Freihung, the Cretaceous sandstones of the Roding Formation (Ehenfeld layers) are upright or slightly tipped over along the Freihunger fault zone. The heavily silicified rocks here were suitable for the production of millstones. Therefore, numerous millstone quarries, lined up like a string of pearls, were created in this area, in which centuries of mining took place. The large, partly filled and partly under water quarry west of Massenricht, which was in operation until 1893, still testifies to this today. The impressive eastern quarry wall represents a complex fault structure in which upheavals and lateral displacements are intensely latticed, so that in it both rubble-bearing Cretaceous rocks and fine-grain, white-gray (bleached) sandstones of the iron sandstone formation (Dogger Beta) from the immediate sub-camp of the Mill sandstones are available.	12500 250 × 50	Type: quarry / pit, fault, storage conditions Type: sandstone, quartz sandstone	Quarry	precious	no protected area
Easter cave (A 94) near Trondorf (show cave)	more pictures	371H002	Neukirchen bei Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Middle Franconian Alb	In the little banked Franconian dolomite there is an extensive corridor system with dome-like extensions. The approximately 200 m long show cave with its diverse stalactite formations can be visited on Sundays and public holidays in summer.	2220 185 × 12	Type: Karst horizontal cave Type: Dolomite stone	cave	significant	Soil monument, FFH area, nature park
Schelmbachstein Cave (A32) W of Königstein	more pictures	371H003	Koenigstein position	Northern Franconian Alb	The cave is also known as Schelmbachsteinloch or Breitensteiner Peasant Woman. Its two entrance shafts lead into a branching floor system of remarkable dimensions with halls and connecting shafts. The total length of the passage is 230 m, the depth extends to −41 m below the entrance. At the bottom of the entrance shafts, prehistoric finds were made (including human skulls). The cave shows some sintering, in the area of the entry shafts ice can form in winter. Access is only possible with shaft equipment.	4600 230 × 20	Type: Karst shaft & horizontal cave Type: Dolomite stone	cave	significant	Natural monument, ground monument, landscape protection area
Osterloch (E8) SE from Illschwang	more pictures	371H005	Illschwang position	Middle Franconian Alb	On the southeast slope of the Hainsberg rock massif, at the east end of the large rock face, is the entrance to the Osterloch near Illschwang. An approximately 2 m wide and 1 m high entrance leads to a spacious hall sloping to the rear with a flat vaulted ceiling and sintering. The space forks in the back. Prehistoric finds have been made in the cave.	100 25 × 4	Type: Karst horizontal cave Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, ground monument, landscape protection area
Ponordoline with cave A269	more pictures	371H006	Neukirchen bei Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Middle Franconian Alb	The entrance to the cave (cave in the sinkhole), which has so far been measured to a length of 136 m, lies in an oval sinkhole. A pronounced ditch flows into the sinkhole from NE.	200 20 × 10	Type: Karst shaft & horizontal cave, sinkhole, ponor Type: dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	precious	Natural monument, landscape protection area, nature park
Cave A56 near Steinamwasser	more pictures	371H007	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	The entrance to the cave without a name in Steinamwasser opens up in a rock wall directly behind the Gasthaus Zur frisch Quelle. The extensive hall and hall system extends over a total length of 530 m. A large number of pressure line and solution forms are developed, such as stalactites, sinter glaciers, wall and floor sinter, ceilings and wall carts. The cave is locked (key in the guest house, not accessible in heavy rain).	5300 530 × 10	Type: Karst horizontal cave Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, nature park
Felslindl ENE cave from Saaß (A54)	more pictures	371H008	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	The Felslindl (or Felsländl) cave is located on the north bank of the Speckbach. The large 16 m wide and 5 m high entrance hall has always been known to the population. A cave system with a total length of 110 m connects to this hall. A collapse in the ceiling created a second entrance. The cave is badly affected by wall graffiti, soot deposits and waste in the entrance area. Camping is prohibited in order to avoid further pollution of the cave.	1650 110 × 15	Type: Karst horizontal cave Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, nature park
Appelshöhle (A 29) near Vogelherd	more pictures	371H009	Neukirchen bei Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Northern Franconian Alb	The 80 m long cave shows sintering and pronounced forms of lye. The entrance is locked. Important prehistoric finds were made in the show cave.	960 80 × 12	Type: Karst shaft & horizontal cave Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, ground monument, nature park
Schelmbachstein grotto W of Königstein (A34)	more pictures	371H011	Koenigstein position	Northern Franconian Alb	The Schelmbachstein grotto, also known as the Sundial or Farmer's Hole, is located on the western slope of the Schelmbachstein. The through cave is an impressive example of the development of a cave ruin. The portal (16 m wide, 5 m high) is followed by a wide, approximately 30 m long hall. In the rear part, which has collapsed from the plateau of the summit, you get back to daylight through a funnel-like sinkhole.	480 30 × 16	Type: Karst horizontal cave, karst halfway / natural bridge Type: Dolomite stone	cave	significant	Soil monument, landscape protection area, nature park
Karst spring near Steinbach	more pictures	371Q001	Neukirchen bei Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Northern Franconian Alb	The Steinbach spring rising from karst crevices (deep karst) is set in stone. The source discharge is about 15 to 20 liters per second.	9 3 × 3	Type: Constriction Source Type: Limestone	no information	significant	Natural park
Karst spring Seven springs near Sulzbach-Rosenberg	more pictures	371Q002	Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Middle Franconian Alb	Numerous springs come to light in the Breitenbrunn valley. The strong karst springs (Seven Sources) lie at the foot of dolomite rocks and are adjacent to wet areas. A hiking trail leads through the idyllic landscape.	200 20 × 10	Type: Narrow source, rock wall / slope Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Landscape protection area
Kallmünzer between Rieden and Thanheim	more pictures	371R002	Vineyard position	Middle Franconian Alb	In different regions of the Franconian Jura, including the Upper Palatinate Jura, individual, mostly silicate-bound sandstone blocks repeatedly appear on the surface. These remnants of the formerly more than 100 m thick cover of this area with deposits from the Cretaceous period are called Kallmünzer. Unlike the rock that used to surround them, they (so far) escaped erosion due to their high resistance to weathering. The large, silicate-bound block of coarse-grained quartz sandstone of geotope 371R002 is located directly next to the local connection to Thanheim. Due to its location, the origin of this Kallmünzer is possible both from the Winzerberg Formation of the Upper Cretaceous and from the Schutzfels Formation of the Lower Cretaceous - most likely, however, is that it belongs to the Schutzfels Formation.	10 4 × 2	Type: Relic Rocks Type: Sandstone	block	significant	Natural monument
House stone NE from Unterpennading		371R003	Freudenberg position	Naab Mountains	The irregularly rugged rock group consists of medium-grain, red Naab granite with red feldspars. Quartz and black-green, converted biotites are embedded. The crystalline basement reaches far to the west of the Naab Valley and protrudes into the Upper Palatinate hill country (= Naab Mountains).	2500 50 × 50	Type: Group of rocks Type: Granite	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, landscape protection area, FFH area
Osterlochfelsen SE from Illschwang		371R005	Illschwang position	Middle Franconian Alb	The Osterlochfelsen belongs to the Hainsburg rock massif, which drops steeply up to 20 meters. Several small karst openings and the Osterloch karst cave near Illschwang can be found in the Frankendolomit wall. Vertical clefts divide the east-west striking rock face into several sections. The Osterlochfelsen can be reached via a marked hiking trail.	11000 220 × 50	Type: rock wall / slope, karst horizontal cave Type: dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, landscape protection area
Calamus rock and sugar loaf SE from Illschwang		371R006	Illschwang position	Middle Franconian Alb	The 20 to 30 meter high rock face with a rock tower in front lies on a wooded slope. The formerly good view to the north from the top of the rocks is now somewhat restricted by the tall trees. The rock wall consists of thick-banked Franconian dolomite with chert lumps and shows the pitted weathering characteristic of the rock. The rocks can be reached via hiking trails.	2000 100 × 20	Type: Rock wall / slope Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	inferior	Natural monument, landscape protection area
Teufelskanzel S by Illschwang		371R007	Illschwang position	Middle Franconian Alb	The pulpit-like rock tower from Franconian dolomite stands together with two other rock towers, towered over by trees, in a mixed forest. The indistinctly thick banked to massive rocks show the typical appearance of this rock: a habitus with holes due to weathering. Strips of white chert tubers that run through the dolomite stone are noticeable. The Teufelskanzel is signposted from the hiking trail (No. 8).	100 10 × 10	Type: Rock tower / needle Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	inferior	Natural monument, landscape protection area
Kühlochfelsen E from Königstein	more pictures	371R008	Koenigstein position	Northern Franconian Alb	The Kühlochfelsen are striking rock faces made of Franconian dolomite, which are in the forest, but are largely bare. Some of them are used as climbing rocks - the system of fissures has created many intersections and edges. They show the typical holey appearance of the Franconian dolomite. The eponymous Kühloch (A040), a 60 m long karst cave with a hall-like main room, opens on the uppermost slope on the NE side. The area can be reached via hiking trails.	2000 100 × 20	Type: rock wall / slope, karst horizontal cave Type: dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, ground monument, landscape protection area
Kieselstein SW of Hohenzant		371R009	Vilseck position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	Dogger beta iron sandstone comes to light on the steep step on the slope. The pebble is a completely over-sintered sandstone rock, which is separated from the surrounding area by a deep chasm. While the typical iron sandstone can be seen on its back, its front is completely covered with a bulbous lime crust. The origin of the tubers (marble up to the size of a fist) is unclear. Due to the heavy vegetation, this unusual rock hardly comes into its own.	48 8 × 6	Type: rock wall / slope, sequence of layers, sediment structures Type: sandstone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument
Koppenstein NW from Nasnitz		371R010	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	Distinctive small rock tower made of banked franc dolomite. In the meantime, trees and bushes in the immediate vicinity have almost reached the height of the rock and partially cover it.	40 8 × 5	Type: Rock tower / needle Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	inferior	Natural monument, nature park
Gun rock near Weidlwang		371R012	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	The distinctive, towering dolomite rock in the village of Weidlwang is adorned with a cannon with a soldier figure. The story of the gunner goes back to an incident during the Thirty Years' War.	900 30 × 30	Type: Rock wall / slope Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	inferior	Nature park, natural monument
Schmelcherfels SW of Steinamwasser	more pictures	371R013	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	The Schmelcherfelsen is a striking dolomite rock made of Franconian dolomite on the north bank of the Flembach Valley, through which a marked hiking trail leads. The towering cliff shows predominantly a massive habit, bench joints can only be seen in the upper area of the rock face.	1800 60 × 30	Type: Rock wall / slope Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	inferior	Natural monument, landscape protection area, nature park
Rocks near Steinamwasser	more pictures	371R014	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	The village of Steinamwasser is surrounded by high dolomite rocks, each of which shows outcrops over several tens of square meters. As early as 1937, various rock areas were placed under protection. Three of the rock towers from Franconian dolomite are designated as natural monuments, including twin rocks and brothers rocks. The dolomite rocks partially show pronounced covings and various karstification phenomena.	200 20 × 10	Type: Rock wall / slope Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, nature park
The Pfaffenstein W from Eschenfelden		371R016	Hirschbach position	Northern Franconian Alb	The Pfaffenstein is made up of several large rock groups from Franconian dolomite. From Eschenfelden a marked hiking trail leads past the rock ensemble. The formerly good vantage point is now a bit overgrown.	600 40 × 15	Type: Rock wall / slope Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, landscape protection area, nature park
Giant gate and SE front door from Riglashof		371R017	Hirschbach position	Northern Franconian Alb	The extensive rock area with several rock castles is located on the summit of the Holzberg and has several rock gates. z. B. the giant gate and the front door. The rocks consist of clearly banked, thick-banked carbonate rock with a sugar-grained appearance and holey weathering. There are numerous small chert bulbs (diameter approx. 2 cm) that stand out as white wefters.	10000 100 × 100	Type: rock castle, karst halfway / natural bridge Type: dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	precious	Natural monument, landscape protection area, FFH area
Quartzite blocks (Kallmünzer) W from Eschenfelden		371R018	Hirschbach position	Northern Franconian Alb	To the north of P 494 (Kranawitten) one encounters a group of numerous Kallmünzer blocks (whitish, yellowish and reddish colored quartz sandstones), which are the remains of the former chalk cover (silicified quartz sandstones of the Michelfelder strata) here on an extensive dolomite plateau. The hardening blocks were probably relocated in the Ice Age by soil flow (solifluction).	200 20 × 10	Type: relic rocks Type: scree, sandstone	block	significant	Landscape protection area, nature park
Langenstein SE from Eschenfelden		371R019	Hirschbach position	Northern Franconian Alb	The summit area of the Langenstein consists of 2 larger rock towers made of Franconian dolomite, which protrude from the forest. In the wider area there are more rock cliffs made of dolomite stone. The rock towers at the summit are only accessible by climbing - from there you have a beautiful panoramic view of the Kuppenalb of the Upper Palatinate Jura.	450 30 × 15	Type: Rock tower / needle Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, landscape protection area, FFH area
Altenburg SE from Eschenfelden	more pictures	371R020	Hirschbach position	Northern Franconian Alb	A rock bar juts out of the relatively dense coniferous forest of the summit (only visible up close). The elongated rock bar made of splintered dolomite is surrounded on all sides by steep walls.	500 50 × 10	Type: Felsburg Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, landscape protection area, nature park
Kallmünzerblock N from Steinbach	more pictures	371R022	Neukirchen bei Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Northern Franconian Alb	Relatively large Kallmünzerblock (relic of the covering of the Malm with Cretan Michelfelder layers) at the parking lot on the N outskirts of Steinbach.	6 3 × 2	Type: relic rocks Type: scree, sandstone	block	significant	Natural monument, landscape protection area, nature park
Kallmünzersteine (149 copies) E from Fichtenhof	more pictures	371R023	Koenigstein position	Northern Franconian Alb	On the fenced field lie 149 sandstone blocks - so-called Kallmünzer (relics of the formerly extensive Upper Cretaceous cover, of which today only individual silicified blocks are left). During the visit in 2005, the area served as a pasture for horses. The accumulation of sandstone blocks was clearly visible in the grassed meadow.	10000 100 × 100	Type: relic rocks Type: scree, sandstone	block	significant	Nature park, natural monument
Rocks in the NSG Neidstein SW of Tabernackel	more pictures	371R024	Etzelwang position	Northern Franconian Alb	On the western mountain slope of the Neidsteiner Schloss there are numerous rock sections made of typical Franconian dolomite, including the giant stone and an approx. 7 meter deep cave, the Fuchsloch. On an area of 10,000 square meters you will find steep rock walls and rock massifs as high as a house in the midst of old foliage.	10000 100 × 100	Type: rock face / slope, karst halfway / natural bridge Type: dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	inferior	Nature reserve, natural monument, landscape protection area
Hartenfels E from Neukirchen	more pictures	371R025	Neukirchen bei Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Middle Franconian Alb	A mighty rock tower made of Franconian dolomite builds the summit of the Hartenfels (climbing garden). From the summit of the Hartenfels you have a beautiful view to the south and west over the Kuppenalb landscape. Pronounced karst features can be found on the slopes: u. a. on the southeast side the Franzosenloch (A43, smaller, branched corridor and room system) and on the south side the Frauenfelshöhle (or Windloch A106, small floor cave).	4000 100 × 40	Type: rock tower / needle, rock castle, karst horizontal cave Type: dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, ground monument, nature park
Rock wall with chimney W from Ermhof		371R026	Neukirchen bei Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Middle Franconian Alb	The north side of the beech mountain is formed by a steep rock face made of Frankendolomite. The rock face is used as a climbing garden.	3750 125 × 30	Type: Rock wall / slope Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, landscape protection area, nature park
Starenfels NE of Neutras with cleft cavity A18	more pictures	371R027	Etzelwang position	Northern Franconian Alb	The summit and the surrounding slopes of the Starenberg are interspersed with rock faces made of Franconian dolomite. On the NNW slope of the mountain approx. 20 m below the summit, a crevice cave with a total of 23 m in length opens in the high rock face - the Starenfels Cave (or Green Grotto). Prehistoric finds were made in the cave.	15000 150 × 100	Type: rock castle, karst horizontal cave Type: dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Landscape protection area, nature park
Brunnstein NE from Krottensee		371R028	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	The group of high dolomite rocks can be reached via a hiking trail. However, trees tower above the rock formation so that it can no longer be made out from a distance.	12 4 × 3	Type: Rock wall / slope Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	inferior	Natural monument, landscape protection area, nature park
Türkenfelsen W of Ammerried	more pictures	371R030	Birgland position	Middle Franconian Alb	The Türkenfelsen is a wall-like rock formation made of typical, holey, weathered Franconian dolomite with a striking rock breakthrough (former rock gate), several natural rock gates and other karst holes. In places the rock shows solution carts. The Türkenfelsen is used as a climbing rock and can be reached via a marked hiking trail.	200 50 × 4	Type: rock face / slope, karst halfway / natural bridge Type: dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, landscape protection area, FFH area
Kuhfels S from Bachetsfeld	more pictures	371R031	Illschwang position	Middle Franconian Alb	The impressive, towering rock formation made of Franconian dolomite is heavily fissured in places and shows bizarre weathering forms (wooden dolomite). There are remains of karst cavities in the rock face. A small climb leads through the middle of the rock face (surefootedness and a head for heights required!)	1200 40 × 30	Type: rock tower / needle, karst halfway / natural bridge Type: dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, landscape protection area
High perforated rock N of Buchhof		371R032	Birgland position	Middle Franconian Alb	Rock tower made of Franconian dolomite, which is divided by vertical clefts. The rock shows a conspicuous holey-porous weathering.	80 10 × 8	Type: Rock tower / needle Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, landscape protection area
North face of the Brennersberg SSW von Wolfsfeld		371R033	Kastl position	Middle Franconian Alb	On the north face of the Brennersberg there is table-bank dolomite in the transition to reef dolomite. After a small leveling, light dolomite rocks of the Malm Epsilon rise above a 10 to 15 m thick base of dark reef dolomite rocks of the Malm Delta. They are broken up into individual rock pinnacles by clefts. The reef dolomites here contain a striking number of light-colored pebbles arranged in more or less layers.	200 20 × 10	Type: Rock wall / slope Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	inferior	no protected area
Ebersbach boiler pits		371R035	Vilseck position	Northern Franconian Alb	The boiler pits are three shallow sinkholes in which water has collected. Wet biotopes (numerous insects, amphibians) have developed there. The karstification-capable Malm limestones are only a little below the current surface. The sinkholes have traced their way from the Malm to the surface (chalk sediments, Alblehm).	150 10 × 15	Type: sinkhole Type: Carbonate quartz sand	no information	significant	Natural monument
Schelmbachstein W by Königstein		371R036	Koenigstein position	Northern Franconian Alb	The peak of the Schelmbach stone (wooded) consists of a group of dolomite rocks, some of which are heavily mossy. A large sinkhole has collapsed in the summit area - one of the entrances to the Schelmbachstein grotto (371H003 - sundial). On the north side of the Schelmbach stone, a little below the rock faces, there is another cave - the Breitensteiner farmer's wife (371H011).	200000 500 × 400	Type: rocky dome, karst horizontal cave Type: dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, landscape protection area, nature park
Rabenfels NE from Krottensee	more pictures	371R037	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	The Rabenfels - a cylindrical rock tower with a distinctive overhang at the top - impresses above all with its shape. The rock tower from Frankendolomit used as a climbing rock towers high above the forest, but its summit can only be climbed by difficult climbing. A hiking trail leads to the foot of the rock and can be seen clearly from the forest road.	25 5 × 5	Type: Rock tower / needle Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, landscape protection area, nature park
Breitenstein SE from Königstein	more pictures	371R038	Koenigstein position	Northern Franconian Alb	The forest behind the chapel leads directly into a steep rock face made of Franconian dolomite, which serves as a climbing wall. Two column-like turrets are particularly noticeable on the rock formation.	300 30 × 10	Type: Rock tower / needle Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Landscape protection area, nature park
Breitensteiner Männl near Breitenstein	more pictures	371R039	Koenigstein position	Northern Franconian Alb	The Francendolomite rock formation, visible from the street, is on private property and is therefore not directly accessible. The shape of the freestanding dolomite rock is reminiscent of a figure.	28 7 × 4	Type: Rock tower / needle Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Landscape protection area, nature park
Thorstein E from Königstein		371R040	Koenigstein position	Northern Franconian Alb	In the summit area of the Thorstein there are striking, beautiful rock groups made of Franconian dolomite, which, however, are towered over by the surrounding trees. One of the rocks shows a conspicuous hollow near the foot of the rock.	1000 50 × 20	Type: rock face / slope, karst halfway / natural bridge Type: dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	inferior	Natural monument, nature park
Parasol NE from Krottensee		371R041	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	The Parasolfelen (also Prapluie) are two neighboring dolomite rocks, each about 8 m high, both of which have the bizarre shape of a mushroom. They consist of thick-banked franc dolomite, whereby the handle is noticeably fissured into smaller pieces and is therefore not as weather-resistant as the hat. The neighboring rock face also shows a pronounced hollow at the same height as a preliminary stage of a mushroom rock. The rock group can be reached via a hiking trail.	9 3 × 3	Type: Rock tower / needle Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	inferior	Natural monument, landscape protection area, nature park
Rock labyrinth S by Sackdilling		371R042	Koenigstein position	Northern Franconian Alb	The rock labyrinth at Sackdilling consists of a large group of impressive dolomite rocks. There are numerous large blocks below. There are several short karst caves in the rocks, e.g. B. the small farmer's hole (A042, approx. 35 m corridor length) and the large farmer's hole (A133, approx. 50 m corridor length). A marked hiking trail leads through the rock labyrinth.	60000 400 × 150	Type: rock group, boulder, karst horizontal cave Type: dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	no protected area
Sulzfelsen SE from Bärnhof		371R043	Koenigstein position	Northern Franconian Alb	Rock summit with a total of four large rock groups, consisting of massive, heavily perforated dolomite. There are several small karst caves at the base of the rocks. Two short through caves and natural arches are particularly striking.	60000 300 × 200	Type: rock castle, karst horizontal cave Type: dolomite stone	Rock slope / cliff	significant	Landscape protection area, nature park
Teufelsstein at Kreuzberg NW of Mülles	more pictures	371R044	Hahnbach position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	The Teufelsstein am Kreuzberg is a so-called Kallmünzer, a relic rock of the former chalk cover. The sandy chalk sediments were in places bound pebbly. This resulted in very hard quartz sandstones, which withstood weathering much better than the surrounding and underlying rocks. After all, they were preserved as individual blocks on much older rocks (here Dogger). Many Kallmünzer blocks were relocated in the Quaternary by floor tiles.	9 3 × 3	Type: Boulder, Relic Rock Type: Sandstone	block	significant	Natural monument
Kallmünzer devil saddle horse NE from Weißenberg		371R045	Edelsfeld position	Northern Franconian Alb	The devil saddle horse is a peculiarly shaped Kallmünzerblock, which lies here in the area of chalk sediments on Unterem Malm. Kallmünzer are silicified sandstone blocks that are left over as remnants of a formerly more widespread chalk sediment layer. This Kallmünzer has an unusual, saddle-like shape with several channel-like depressions. According to legend, the stone served the devil as a horse.	2 2 × 2	Type: Boulder Type: Sandstone	block	significant	Natural monument
Koenigsteiner Polje		371R046	Koenigstein position	Northern Franconian Alb	Königstein lies on the edge of an elongated valley basin about 5 km long and 1 km wide, which is surrounded by wooded heights of Franconian dolomite. It is a fossilized polje (large karst hollow form without surface drainage) from the Cretaceous period. Thick chalk sediments (Michelfelder layers) with colored ocher are deposited in the valley basin, which was mined as colored earth in many places until the post-war period. You have a good overview of the Polje from Felsen in Loch.	1500000 5000 × 300	Type: Polje Type: sand, clay	no information	precious	Landscape protection area, nature park
Rock slope on the Schafberg S of Loch		371R047	Koenigstein position	Northern Franconian Alb	Directly behind the village of Loch on the northern slope of the Schafberg rises a striking rock face made of Franconian dolomite (thick-banked algae-sponge-reef limestone). From the top of the rock you have a beautiful view over the Koenigsteiner Polje. At the foot of the wall and on the slope below there are large fall blocks. The cleft cave at the foot of the rock face (private property, cave not accessible) gave the place its name. Archaeological finds were made in the approx. 250 m long cave.	8000 100 × 80	Type: rock face / slope, karst halfway / natural bridge Type: dolomite stone	Rock slope / cliff	significant	Landscape protection area, nature park
Dolomite rocks on Steinberg E from Koenigstein	more pictures	371R048	Koenigstein position	Northern Franconian Alb	The Steinberg consists of a group of large, mostly elongated rocks made of Franconian dolomite. On all sides down the slope there are fields with numerous fall blocks. The Franconian dolomite shows itself in its typical holey weathering, partly it contains white chert bulbs (arranged in layers). Numerous karst features such as small caves and abrises can be observed in the rocks. A hiking trail criss-crosses the charming rocky landscape.	100000 400 × 250	Type: rock group, karst halfway / natural bridge Type: dolomite stone	Rock slope / cliff	significant	Landscape protection area, nature park
Stone town in the Wellucker Forest NW of Koenigstein	more pictures	371R049	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	The stone city is an impressive ensemble of dolomite rocks, which are strongly fissured and thus disintegrate into individual rock towers. Two mushroom-shaped rock towers (two-brothers rocks) are particularly striking, showing the different weathering behavior of individual horizons of the thick-banked Franconian dolomite. Many of the other rocks also show covings in the horizon of the mushroom stalks. The area is accessible via a circular hiking trail and is used as a climbing garden.	37500 250 × 150	Type: rock group, rock tower / needle, rock wall / slope Type: dolomite stone	Rock slope / cliff	significant	Landscape protection area, FFH area, nature park
Kallmünzerfeld on Steinberg NW of Ziegelhütte	more pictures	371R050	Hirschbach position	Northern Franconian Alb	A particularly large number of Kallmünzer blocks can be found on the southern foothills of the Steinberg. The blocks are evidence of a Cretaceous sediment cover (relics of the Michelfelder layers?). The terrestrial sands were silicified, are therefore particularly weather-resistant and have been preserved as individual, mostly relocated blocks. The largest block (cyprian stone) weighs more than 100 tons and has a circumference of 16 m. The area can be reached via a footpath from WSW (note on forest road).	10000 100 × 100	Type: relic rock, boulder, hard rock Type: sandstone	block	significant	Landscape protection area, nature park
Doline and wind hole W from Buchhof (A15)		371R051	Hirschbach position	Northern Franconian Alb	In the middle of a field, surrounded by trees, lies the 16 m long and 12 m wide deep sinkhole, which is immediately followed by a canyon-like crevice cave (passage length 28 m). The cave - wind hole or winter hole or snow hole - ends 27 m below the edge of the sinkhole in a flooded swallow hole. Frankendolomite rich in chert is exposed on the walls.	192 16 × 12	Type: sinkhole, karst shaft cave Type: dolomite stone	Sinkhole / sinkhole	significant	Landscape protection area, nature park
Dolomite rock with Brünlingsloch (A62) SE from Lockenricht		371R052	Neukirchen bei Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Middle Franconian Alb	The summit of the Brünlingsberg consists of a group of dolomite rocks (Brünlingsfelsen), which show the typical holey appearance of the Franconian dolomite. At the foot of a prominent rock tower, on the northwest side of the slope, there is a horizontal karst cave, the Brünlingsloch (A62 - formerly also known as Kasparhöhle), about 15 m in length with puffs and little sintering.	10000 100 × 100	Type: rock wall / slope, karst horizontal cave Type: dolomite stone	Rock slope / cliff	inferior	Natural monument, FFH area, nature park
Neutrasfelsen W of Neutras	more pictures	371R053	Etzelwang position	Northern Franconian Alb	The Neutrasfelsen, a towering rock area made of Franconian dolomite, protrudes over the tree tops of the surrounding forest. The rock summit can be climbed using footsteps on the west side (surefootedness required!) And offers a good view of the Kuppenalb. On the north slope of the rock, the entrance to a crevice cave opens (Bettelküche or Neutrashöhle A89).	4000 80 × 50	Type: rock wall / slope, karst horizontal cave Type: dolomite stone	Rock slope / cliff	significant	Natural monument, ground monument, landscape protection area
Kallmünzer blocks NE from Aschach		371R054	Freudenberg position	Upper Palatinate Basement Foreland	There are three Kallmünzer blocks in the open field. Kallmünzer are relic stones from the chalk. Part of the former covering with chalk sediments was later cemented with silica to form hard, extremely weather-resistant sandstone. Individual blocks - the so-called Kallmünzer - are still preserved as the last remains. They are now on an older surface, here on Opalinus Clay from the Dogger (Jura). Often they were transported by floor tiles during the Ice Age.	3 2 × 2	Type: Relic Rocks Type: Sandstone	block	significant	Natural monument
Hussitenloch (sinkhole) W of Ursensollen		371R055	Ursensollen position	Middle Franconian Alb	The Hussitenloch is a large, wide sinkhole (or small karst basin) with a flat floor and partly steep, partly flatter slopes. Since the edge and the slopes of the sinkhole are lined with trees, the morphological shape of this typical karst hollow shape is not particularly evident in the terrain.	4800 80 × 60	Type: sinkhole Type: limestone	no information	significant	Natural monument, landscape protection area, nature park
Rock wall with caves SSE von Götzendorf		371R056	Illschwang position	Middle Franconian Alb	The steep Franconian dolomite rocks are arranged like an amphitheater. When weathered, the rock shows a typical holey appearance. There are several small caves in the rocks (including Fritzenloch E-006 and Fritzenberg Grotto E-090). Particularly noticeable is the cave entrance to the Fritzenloch in the right wall area. A 12 m long and 4 m wide hall connects to the large entrance and ends in a short horizontal corridor.	1000 50 × 20	Type: rock wall / slope, karst horizontal cave Type: dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument
Dolomite rocks with caves on Lochberg NE of Blechhof		371R057	Neukirchen bei Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Middle Franconian Alb	In the Frankendolomit rock face, which forms a striking step on the western slope of the Lochberg, there are two caves - the Big and Small Hundsloch (A-135 and A-136). The large dog hole consists of a large vault (entrance approx. 16 m wide) with rock chambers. It opens in the background of a burglary that was probably created a long time ago by the collapse of parts of the cave. The Kleine Hundsloch is a slightly sintered horizontal passage about 20 m long.	800 40 × 20	Type: rock wall / slope, karst horizontal cave Type: dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Natural monument, nature park
Guckerlochfelsen E from Michelfeld	more pictures	371R058	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	The peephole rock forms the steep, southern valley slope of the Flembach valley W of Michelfeld. The rock face made of Franconian dolomite is criss-crossed by the 17 m long Guckerloch (or Guggerloch, A-044) through cave. Further short karst caves open in the steep rock face to the west below the peephole. The rock is said to have been the site of a castle in the past.	500 50 × 10	Type: rock wall / slope, karst horizontal cave Type: dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	inferior	Natural monument, nature park
Rocks at the Speckbach ENE from Saaß	more pictures	371R059	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	The north bank of the Speck Brook is lined with numerous rocks and rock towers made of typical Franconian dolomite. Some of the rocks are right on the edge of the forest, other dolomite rocks can be found in the adjacent wood. Several karst caves open up in the rock walls, the Felslindl with a total length of 110 m (A54) and the A93 cave to the west of it. The caves and individual rocks are designated as natural monuments. The rocks are used as climbing rocks.	2500 250 × 10	Type: Rock wall / slope Type: Dolomite stone	Slope crack / rock wall	significant	Nature park, natural monument
Karst landscape on Sternsteinberg W von Sulzbach-Rosenberg		371R060	Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Middle Franconian Alb	The Sternsteinberg west of Sulzbach-Rosenberg forms a distinctive, wooded hard ridge. The partly banked, partly massive Franconian dolomite forms rock fragments up to 20 m high and shows karst features in many places. Among other things, there is a small cave in the northwestern area of the ridge. The western edge is a beautifully exposed sponge reef.	75000 500 × 150	Type: Group of rocks Type: Dolomite stone	cave	precious	Landscape protection area
Caves at Lenzenberg SE from Peilstein	more pictures	371R061	Neukirchen bei Sulzbach-Rosenberg position	Middle Franconian Alb	To the southeast of Peilstein, several small caves are accessible to tourists on the Lenzenberg by a hiking trail (Höhlensteig). The upcoming Franconian dolomite forms a distinctive step on the northern slope. In the area of the banked dolomite there are particularly many karst phenomena. The massive dolomite contains numerous cavities that occasionally contain dolomite crystals. Parts of the site are protected as a natural monument, the Geiskirche (A96) and Bärenloch (A63) caves are also protected as a ground monument (monument no. D-3-6435-0109 and D-3-6435-0110).	80000 800 × 100	Type: Group of rocks Type: Dolomite stone	Rock slope / cliff	precious	Natural monument, ground monument, nature park
Kallmünzer NNW from Pruihausen		371R062	Koenigstein position	Northern Franconian Alb	The sandstones of the Cretaceous period usually have a relatively weak grain bond. Therefore, they weather relatively quickly. However, there was local impregnation with silica in the circular sandstones, which led to the formation of very hard and very weather-resistant quartzitsch bound sandstones (quartzites). While the surrounding crumbly sandstones weather, these tough quartz sandstones remain as weathering residues on the surface of the earth. After the place Kallmünz (at the confluence of the Vils in the Naab) these isolated blocks were named as Kallmünzer. The Kallmünzer on the edge of the NNW of Pruihausen is about 3.5 × 1.5 × 1.5 m in size.	5 4 × 2	Type: Relic rocks, Type of rock : Quartz sandstone	block	significant	Landscape protection area, nature park
Kallmünzer from Seiboldsricht		371R063	Vilseck position	Northern Franconian Alb	The sandstones of the Cretaceous period usually have a relatively weak grain bond. This is why they weather relatively quickly. However, there was local impregnation with silica in the circular sandstones, which led to the formation of very hard and very weather-resistant quartzitsch bound sandstones (quartzites). While the surrounding crumbly sandstones weather, these tough quartz sandstones remain as weathering residues on the surface of the earth. The origins of the word Kallmünzer are “Kalminzer”, “Kulmitzer” or “Kalmünzer”. Like the word Kulm, these words are of Slavic origin. The Kallmünzer from Seiboldsricht is not a typical Kallmünzer for the Vilseck area because it does not have a brown crust of weathering, but has a fresh surface.	2 2 × 2	Type: Relict rocks, type of rock, type of layer sequence : Quartz sandstone	block	significant	no protected area
Vogelherdgrotte ENE from Krottensee	more pictures	574H002	Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate position	Northern Franconian Alb	The spacious through cave is located in the state forest, about 2.5 km east-northeast of Krottensee and can be reached via hiking trails. It experiences a heavy use of leisure time.	288 18 × 16	Type: Karst horizontal cave, rock wall / slope Type: Dolomite stone	cave	significant	Natural monument, landscape protection area, FFH area