Schnaittenbach

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 49 ° 33 '  N , 12 ° 0'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Upper Palatinate
County :	Amberg-Sulzbach
Height :	403 m above sea level NHN
Area :	63.41 km 2
Residents:	4232 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	67 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	92253
Primaries :	09622, 09604, 09608, 09606
License plate :	AS, BUL , ESB , NAB , SUL
Community key :	09 3 71 150
City structure:	16 parts of the community
City administration address :	Rosenbühlstrasse 1 92253 Schnaittenbach
Website :	www.schnaittenbach.de
Mayor :	Marcus Eichenmüller ( CSU )
Location of the town of Schnaittenbach in the Amberg-Sulzbach district

Schnaittenbach is a town in the Upper Palatinate district of Amberg-Sulzbach, about 75 km east of Nuremberg .

geography

Districts of the city of Schnaittenbach

City structure

Schnaittenbach has 16 districts (population in brackets):

Demenricht (33) Doeswitz (40) Forest Goetzendorf (23) Haidhof Haidmühle Mallet (300) Kemnath am Buchberg (491)

Mertenberg (73) Neuersdorf (111) Schnaittenbach (3025) Seblasmühle Sitzambuch (65) Tradlmühle Trichenricht (31) Brick hut

Markings

In the area of ​​the city of Schnaittenbach there are six districts . Three of them extend beyond the municipal boundaries to the area of ​​the neighboring municipality of Hirschau .

Landmarks of the city of Schnaittenbach

District number	District	Area ha	Districts	map
4493	Forest 1	762.73	Forst, Seblasmühle
4490	Hirschau 2	96.36
4491	Scharhof 3	57.23	Haidhof, Haidmühle
4492	Schnaittenbach	2061.40	Demenricht, Schnaittenbach
4494	Mallet	1612.74	Wooden hammer, Neuersdorf
4524	Kemnath am Buchberg	1750.79	Döswitz, Kemnath am Buchberg, Mertenberg, Sitzambuch, Trichenricht, Götzendorf, Tradlmühle, Ziegelhütte
6 marks	Community of Schnaittenbach	6341.25	16 officially named municipal parts

¹ Only district part 1 of the forest district is located in the municipal area of ​​the town of Schnaittenbach. District 0 is in the area of ​​the city of Hirschau.
² Only district part 1 of the Hirschau district is located in the municipal area of ​​the town of Schnaittenbach. District 0 is in the area of ​​the city of Hirschau.
³ Only district part 1 of the Scharhof district is located in the municipal area of ​​the city of Schnaittenbach. District 0 is in the area of ​​the city of Hirschau.

history

Until the church is planted

No written evidence is available about the early days of the Schnaittenbach settlement, especially when it was founded.

A trade route ran from Kösching (Roman fort) via Velburg, Pielenhofen, Rensbach, Heimhof, Erlheim, Amberg , Aschach, Schnaittenbach, Luhe , and on to Floß, Tirschenreuth and Eger as early as pre-Roman times . A settlement is likely to have arisen early on at the point where this ancient and largely disappeared road crossed the Ehenbach. It was probably an expansion or clearing settlement that was created on a Grenzbach ( sneite : border) and existed long before it was first mentioned.

On April 23, 1271 Schnaittenbach first appeared in a document. In the document with which the Counts of Ortenburg - Murach sold their rights and possessions around the Buchberg to the Wittelsbach Duke Ludwig II, the village of Schnaittenbach, consisting of the two districts of Obernsneitenbach and Nidernsneitenbach, is also mentioned. The two districts were named after their location on the Ehenbach. Among the places sold were Sitzambuch, Mertenberg, Döswitz and Trichenricht, which are now part of the urban area.

In 1285 Schnaittenbach was mentioned for the second time and from this we learn that there were two farms in Obernsneitenbach and nine fiefs and a mill in Nidernsneitenbach, which later appeared under the name Angermühle . The previous district of Nidernsneitenbach had taken the name Sneitenbach again in the last-mentioned document, from which it arose.

Around 1313 the two districts merged to form the market Schnaittenbach. The market rights granted by the Wittelsbach dukes were linked to the magistrate's constitution, market jurisdiction and the high or blood jurisdiction, which was completely unusual for a market and which the market had in the late Middle Ages, but could not maintain and ultimately lost to the district judge of Amberg. From this time on, the Schnaittenbach judge only had the right of first access and first interrogation; after two days the delinquent had to be extradited to the district judge in Amberg.

The Hammergut Unterschnaittenbach , mentioned in a document for the first time in 1398 , which was sold by Count Palatine Rupprecht II to Hans den Kastner von Amberg, has always remained a separate community politically. Contrary to popular assumptions, it was not identical to Nidernsneitenbach.

The parish church of St. Vitus was redesigned in Baroque style around 1712 as part of an expansion.

19th and 20th centuries

The market Schnaittenbach was fortified with a wall ring. The fortification consisted of half a meter thick, approximately four meter high circular walls that met the Great Pond in the north. Three gates originally sealed off the market, the Obere or Hirschauer Tor in the west, the Untere Tor in the east at the Heldmann / Poppenwastl property and the Lohtor at the end of the Rosenbühl in the south. A devastating fire in 1817, which destroyed 79 houses and 49 barns of 96 properties, also meant the end of the fortification of the market. In 1830 "a great water" came, the market square was flooded two feet high. The pond dam near Forst tore and was not rebuilt, mills and houses were damaged.

At the end of the 18th century, Schnaittenbach was still in a hopeless economic situation, according to documents, and in 1802 the magistrate complained that the citizens did not want their sons to learn a craft, but only relied on agriculture. There were more than 60 tradesmen and craftsmen in the village in 1805, such as wood turners, weavers, stocking knitters and red tanners.

Kaolin plant

It was a stroke of luck for Schnaittenbach when in 1833 the penniless accountant Daniel Christoph Eduard Kick built a kaolin factory in the barn of the lion host Johann Popp and thus founded the Upper Palatinate kaolin industry. The construction of the Amberg – Schnaittenbach railway in 1898 further encouraged development.

After the two world wars, the market experienced a great boom, especially after 1945 (at that time Schnaittenbach had a little over 1,800 inhabitants) due to the large number of people who were displaced and new business establishments, for example the company Kerb-Konus. This led to Schnaittenbach being elevated to the status of town on October 24, 1954 by the then Interior Minister Wilhelm Hoegner .

Incorporations

The urban area of ​​Schnaittenbach has expanded considerably, beginning on October 1, 1938, when the previously independent municipality of Forst (with Unterschnaittenbach) was dissolved and incorporated into Schnaittenbach. In 1946 Demenricht and a wooden hammer followed on the right of the Ehenbach (castle).

As part of the regional reform in Bavaria , on April 1, 1972, the dissolved municipality of Weiher became the hamlet of Haidhof and the wasteland of Haidmühle, on July 1, 1972 Holzhammer with its district of Neuersdorf and finally on May 1, 1978 Kemnath am Buchberg with its districts of Sitzambuch, Mertenberg, Döswitz, Trichenricht and Götzendorf incorporated. As a result, Schnaittenbach's population reached its current level of approx. 4400.

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018 the population decreased from 4,326 to 4,203 by 123 inhabitants or 2.8%.

politics

City council

After the local elections on March 15, 2020 , the city council has 16 members. The turnout was 72.22% (2014: 70.18%; 2008: 72.3%). The election produced the following results (in brackets the results of previous elections):

() 2014 local elections

[] Local election 2008

Party / list	Seats	Share of votes
CSU	6 (7) [7]	37.89% (42.7) [41.0]
SPD	5 (5) [4]	26.79% (29.9) [27.4]
Free voter community	3 (2) [2]	20.47% (12.8) [15.7]
Christian electorate Schnaittenbach-Umland	2 (2) [3]	14.85% (14.6) [15.8]

The mayor is a member and chairman of the city council.

mayor

In the local elections on March 15, 2020 , three candidates ran. Of the 3,492 eligible voters, 2,523 exercised their right to vote. The turnout was 72.25%. A runoff election was necessary after the following result :

Candidate (party)	Share of votes	Number of votes
Marcus Eichenmüller ( CSU )	40.65%	1,020
Uwe Bergmann ( SPD )	35.31%	886
Manfred Schlosser ( Free Voters )	24.03%	603

In the runoff election on March 29, 2020, Marcus Eichenmüller competed against Uwe Bergmann. Of 3,488 eligible voters, 2,719 exercised their right to vote. The turnout was 77.95%. The runoff resulted in the following result:

Candidate (party)	Share of votes	Number of votes
Marcus Eichenmüller ( CSU )	52.97%	1,434
Uwe Bergmann ( SPD )	47.03%	1,273

With this, Marcus Eichenmüller replaced the first mayor Josef Reindl (CSU), who had been in office since 2002.

Eichenmüller was promoted to office on May 1, 2020.

coat of arms

Blazon : In blue an upright golden tree trunk with stumped branches.

First attested in 1504.

Partnership communities

•  Switzerland : The municipality of Buchberg has been the partnership municipality of Schnaittenbach since 1976.
•  Germany : Since the town elevation of Schnaittenbach in 1954, Amberg has been a partner town as a sponsor town.
•  Germany Czech Republic Poland : Schnaittenbach is part of a special city partnership. In November 2004, eight cities and municipalities in Europe signed the founding charter in Karlsbad in the Czech Republic. The kaolin city partnership connects places that have a special relationship with the raw material kaolin . In addition to Schnaittenbach, members are the Bavarian towns of Tirschenreuth and Hirschau , from Saxony the communities Königswartha , Sornzig-Ablaß and the city of Mügeln , Nová Role in the Czech Republic and Nowogrodziec in Poland.   

Architectural monuments

Church of St. Vitus Schnaittenbach

• Stadtpfarrkirche St. Vitus (Gothic wall substance, major changes around 1910)
• Town hall from the late 17th century (additions in 1817 and 1932) with herb garden
• Former hammer castle (hipped roof construction in the middle of the 18th century) and the former castle chapel of St. Maria (district Holzhammer)
• Prehistoric burial mound Vogelherd (district Kemnath am Buchberg)
• Burgstall Schlossberg ( Sitzambuch district )
• Kellerhübl tower hill at the southwest exit of Demenricht

See also : List of architectural monuments in Schnaittenbach

traffic

The city is located directly on the federal highway 14 Nuremberg - Prague , about 25 kilometers east of the A 6 Amberg – Heilbronn and about 10 kilometers west of the A 93 Regensburg – Hof.
Furthermore, Schnaittenbach is on the Amberg – Schnaittenbach railway line , which is only (still) used by freight trains.

Rail transport

Passenger traffic on the Amberg – Schnaittenbach railway was limited to a pair of trains for school traffic from 1960 and was completely shut down on May 30, 1976. Today the route is only used for freight traffic.

The nearest train stations are in Freihung (15 km), in Röthenbach (Oberpf) (11 km) and Vilseck (20 km), which are on the Neukirchen – Weiden railway line . The Wernberg-Köblitz station (13 km) is on the Regensburg – Weiden railway line and the Amberg station (22 km) on the Nuremberg – Irrenlohe railway line .

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

• Johannes Rosner (1908–1998), Bishop of Queenstown in South Africa, honorary citizen of Schnaittenbach. The Bischof-Rosner-Platz was named after him.
• Hans Wagner (* 1935), politician, district administrator of the Amberg-Sulzbach district from 1978 to 2002
• Herta Flor (* 1954), neuropsychologist

Honorary citizen

• Georg Landgraf (1879–1953), teacher, local researcher and honorary citizen of Schnaittenbach. The chronicle he wrote in 1908 (→ literature ) forms the basis for Schnaittenbach's history and local research. The centrally located Georg-Landgraf-Platz is named after him.
• Hans Weiß (1910–2015), Chief Finance President and honorary citizen of Schnaittenbach, holder of the Bavarian Order of Merit and the Great Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany

literature

• Georg Landgraf: History of the market Schnaittenbach (Amberg) with special consideration of the other parish places . Kaufbeuren 1908.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ www.schnaittenbach.de/stadt-schnaittenbach
3. ↑ Map of the Amberg land surveying office with district boundaries ( memento of the original from December 10, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 2.1 MB) 
4. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from December 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Register of districts and municipalities at http://vermessage.bayern.de/ 
5. ↑ ^{a b} Wilhelm Volkert (Ed.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 419 .
6. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 538 .
7. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 639 .
8. ↑ Election of the city council - local elections 2020 in the city of Schnaittenbach - overall result. Retrieved May 14, 2020 . 
9. ↑ Election of the first mayor - local elections 2020 in the city of Schnaittenbach - overall result. Retrieved May 14, 2020 . 
10. ↑ Mayor runoff election - 2020 municipal elections in the city of Schnaittenbach - overall result. Retrieved May 14, 2020 . 
11. ^ Josef Reindl, first mayor for 18 years. Retrieved May 14, 2020 . 
12. ↑ http://www.stadt-tirschenreuth.de/rathaus-buergerservice/partektivenen.html
13. ↑
      Plaque on the house where Georg Landgraf was born in Schnaittenbach. (JPG)
14. ^ Sixtus Lampl (arrangement): Monuments in Bavaria. Volume 3: Upper Palatinate: Ensembles, architectural monuments, archaeological landmarks. Munich 1986, excerpt from Google Books, p. 82.
15. ↑ Schnaittenbach aktuell, 5/2012, p. 3. ( Memento of the original from February 18, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 

Web links

Commons : Schnaittenbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Entry on the coat of arms of Schnaittenbach  in the database of the House of Bavarian History

• Alois Laumer: Schnaittenbach aerial view of Upper Palatinate. In: www.oberpfalz-luftbild.de. Retrieved on October 23, 2012 (aerial photos from Schnaittenbach). 
• Golden Road in the Amberg Sulzbacher Land
• Schnaittenbach: Official statistics of the LfStat