House Murach

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House Murach
Murach castle ruins (2013)

Murach castle ruins (2013)

Alternative name (s): Murach Castle, Murach Castle
Creation time : End of the 11th / beginning of the 12th century, first mentioned in 1110.
Castle type : Hilltop castle
Conservation status: Ruin, outer walls still preserved, only the foundations of residential buildings
Standing position : Noble
Place: Oberviechtach -Obermurach
Geographical location 49 ° 26 '49 "  N , 12 ° 23' 28"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 26 '49 "  N , 12 ° 23' 28"  E
Height: 585  m
House Murach (Bavaria)
House Murach

House Murach , also Obermurach Castle or Murach Castle , was first mentioned in the early 12th century, was located in the Nordgau in Bavaria , was built to monitor the trade routes to Prague through the settlement area of ​​the West Slavic Chods and to protect the German settlements in the Upper Palatinate Forest on the border to bohemia . Today the facility near Oberviechtach in the Schwandorf district is only preserved as a ruin .

Geographical location

The castle ruins of the Höhenburg are located 585 meters above sea level on a hill, northwest of the village of Obermurach . Since time immemorial, numerous trade routes, known as the Golden Roads , have led through the surrounding territory with the places in inheritance , across the Bohemian border, from where attacks on the newly settled German villages in the Bavarian Nordgau have been made. House Murach served on the one hand to protect and control the trade routes and footbridges, on the other hand to ward off attacks from Bohemia .

Historical overview

The name Murach House came into being at the end of the Middle Ages when many castles in the Upper Palatinate were strategically insignificant and were used as residential castles, as a house (Middle High German hus). In economically favorable times, these were expanded into palace complexes as the eponymous seat of aristocratic families.

Murach Castle was first mentioned in writing around 1110. The Counts of Sulzbach are named as builders . The people living on Murach were servants of the Count von Sulzbach. The name of Murach can be historically proven for the first time in connection with Berengar von Sulzbach. A "Gerunch de Mourach" was 1110 companion of Berengar I. von Sulzbach . After the line of the Sulzbacher had expired in 1188 in the male line, their property was divided among the heirlooms.

House Murach and the surrounding estates in inheritance up to the border to Bohemia came to the Counts of Ortenburg through the marriage of Elisabeth von Sulzbach with Rapoto I. von Ortenburg . Their youngest son, Heinrich I von Ortenburg , transferred Murach Castle and the income from the subordinate villages to his second wife Richgard von Hohenburg and his three younger sons from this marriage, who from then on also called themselves von Ortenburg-Murach . Heinrich I's son from his first marriage, Heinrich II. , Embittered about this transfer of inheritance, had a long-standing argument with his stepmother and his three half-brothers Gebhard , Diepold and Rapoto IV. This resulted in financial difficulties and in 1268 the "Murach House" was transferred to Ludwig den Strictly pledged. In 1271 and 1272, the von Ortenburg-Murach for 675 pounds Passau Pfennige sold numerous properties in hereditary subjection with their labor and income around the castle in the Upper Palatinate , as well as the castle itself. After the death of his siblings, Rapoto IV. Von Ortenburg confirmed in 1285 the sale of 1272 again.

In 1329 Murach Castle came to the Palatinate-Neuburg line of Wittelsbach and in 1353 to Emperor Charles IV of Luxembourg as King of Bohemia. During the Hussite wars Murach was 1428 and 1433 after the Battle of Taus success of yield-seeking mercenaries of Hussites besieged. During the Thirty Years War the castle in 1628 came to the Electorate of Bavaria and was in 1633 together with the Upper Palatinate , the former Nordgau (Bavaria) the Electorate of Bavaria incorporated. A Christoph Gottfried Freiherr von und zu Murach can be verified as one of the keepers at Obermurach Castle. His daughter Eva Sophia was the wife of Carl Siegmund Graf and Lord von Aufseß .

In 1803, after secularization in Bavaria , the Murach nursing court was relocated to Neunburg vorm Wald and the castle was sold to a private individual. Since then, the complex has fallen into disrepair and the local residents use the building as a quarry . In 1844, when the regional court in Oberviechtach was established, Murach Castle was bought back by the financial administration of the Kingdom of Bavaria and makeshift conservation measures were carried out. Further renovation work was carried out after 1893 and during the 20th century. In 1970 an operating booth for a television filling transmitter was installed.

Castle Festival

Every first Sunday in August the Hausener Burgfest takes place on the castle grounds of Haus Murach , a folk festival with various show competitions.

description

Floor plan of the Murach house. 1. outer bailey; 2. main castle; 3. Vorburgtor; 4. residential tower ("grain box"); 5. keep; 6th chapel; 7. outbuildings; 8. Housing

The name "Murach House" for Murach Castle is derived from the use of the castle as a residential complex for a noble family. The best part of the castle obtained is the 20 meter high, built in the 13th century dungeon . The outer wall of the outer bailey and the wall of the main castle, as well as the entrances to the residential tower , have also been partially preserved . This residential tower, measuring 14 by 12.7 meters, was built in 1233 based on dendrochronological dating. It was originally about 16.5 meters high, its wall thickness was 2.5 meters. The tower probably had three main floors as well as an attic, the third floor was probably used as a representative room, as the elaborately crafted window shapes show. The interior of the tower was later completely modified. The dungeon and the chapel can only be guessed at from the remaining foundation walls . The illustration shows the floor plan of the castle ruins based on a representation in the book edition "The Art Monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria, District Office Oberviechtach" from 1906.

Say

Numerous legends about the castle Murach which the cruelties of the Revolution to the year over the centuries, developed in 1848 existing serfdom reflect the villagers.

In the vicinity of the castle, the Murach House, it is said that it was once inhabited by giants who forced the population to build the castle; among other things, they would have had to dig the 10 foot wide well. If a stone fell into the well shaft out of negligence, the giants would have shouted "Gsch, gsch!" Because they thought people were pawing chickens.

Another legend tells of a cruel, irascible knight who was once the lord of House Murach. Offenses were punished by him with draconian punishments. So he had a man dragged around the castle by a horse until he had no more clothes on his body; allegedly the circular route around the castle was created in this way.

sightseeing

The ruins of Murach Castle can be visited. The key for the castle gate and keep is available in the village. A reconstruction of the castle can be found in the Oberviechtach Local History Museum .

Picture gallery

  • Murach castle ruins

  • Courtyard

  • patio

  • Model of the castle in the Eisenbarth- und Stadtmuseum Oberviechtach

  • Murach castle ruins (2013)

  • Tower renovation (2011)

  • House Murach (2015)

literature

  • Markus Lorenz: The Counts of Ortenburg and their imperial county of Ortenburg up to the introduction of the Reformation in 1563. In: Ortenburg - Reichsgrafschaft and 450 years of Reformation (1563-2013) . Ortenburg 2013, pp. 26–41.
  • Walter Fuchs: Ortenburg - his counts and the historical development (1120 - 2005). In: Ortenburg - Imperial Counties and 450 Years of Reformation (1563–2013) . Ortenburg 2013, pp. 50–57.
  • Friedrich Hausmann : The Counts of Ortenburg and their male ancestors, the Spanheimers in Carinthia, Saxony and Bavaria, as well as their subsidiary lines , appeared in: Ostbairische Grenzmarken - Passauer Jahrbuch für Geschichte, Kunst und Volkskunde . Volume 36, Passau 1994, pp. 9-62.
  • Eberhard Graf zu Ortenburg-Tambach: History of the imperial, ducal and counts 'entire house of Ortenburg - Part 2: The counts' house in Bavaria. , Vilshofen 1932.
  • Emma Mages: Oberviechtach . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria , part of Old Bavaria . Series I, issue 61. Komm. Für Bayerische Landesgeschichte, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-7696-9693-X ( digitized version ).
  • Karl-Otto Ambronn: Historical Atlas of Bavaria, Part of Old Bavaria, Series II, Issue 3, Landsassen and Landsassengüter of the Principality of the Upper Palatinate in the 16th century . Munich 1982, ISBN 3-7696-9932-7 .
  • Georg Hager: The art monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria, Upper Palatinate and Regensburg, VII district office Oberviechtach . Munich 1906.
  • Johann Gottfried Biedermann: Gender register of the Reichs-Frey-direct knight creates Landes zu Francken praiseworthy local-Gebürg: Which from the most tried and tested documents, purchase, fiefdom and Heyraths letters, collected grave inscriptions and obtained precise messages from the inside described Gräflich-Freyherrlich- and noble houses . Bamberg 1747, Table XXIV, full-text version in the Google book search.

Web links

Commons : Haus Murach  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Castle ruins "Haus Murach". Bavaria Bohemia eV - Centrum Bavaria Bohemia (CeBB), accessed on December 23, 2012 .
  2. ^ Georg Hager: Art Monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria, Upper Palatinate and Regensburg, VII, District Office Oberviechtach . Munich 1906, p. 31.
  3. ↑ Emma Mages: Oberviechtach . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria , part of Old Bavaria . Series I, issue 61. Komm. Für Bayerische Landesgeschichte, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-7696-9693-X , p. 15 ( digitized version ).
  4. ↑ a b www.hdbg.de , accessed on June 11, 2009.
  5. ↑ a b www.oberviechtach.de , accessed on June 11, 2009.
  6. ↑ Source of data on the residential tower: Joachim Zeune : "Residential towers in Bavaria". In: Publications of the German Castles Association, special volume "Housing Towers"
  7. ^ Georg Hager: The art monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria, Upper Palatinate and Regensburg, VII, District Office Oberviechtach . Munich 1906, p. 35.
  8. ^ Collection of sagas. ( Memento from January 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Eisenbarth-Kurier online. Retrieved April 7, 2010.
  9. ↑ Robert Hauser: How the way around House Murach came about. ( Memento from April 15, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) www.rob-hauser.de. Retrieved April 7, 2010.