Altenschwand Castle

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Altenschwand Castle
Picture in the Church of St. Nicholas

Picture in the Church of St. Nicholas

Creation time : Medieval
Castle type : Niederungsburg, moated castle
Conservation status: Disappeared, castle site with remnants of a ring wall preserved
Standing position : Ministerial Headquarters
Place: Bodenwoehr - Altenschwand
Geographical location 49 ° 17 '43 "  N , 12 ° 14' 53.9"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 17 '43 "  N , 12 ° 14' 53.9"  E
Height: 405  m above sea level NN
Altenschwand Castle (Bavaria)
Altenschwand Castle

The abandoned Altenschwand Castle was located in the district of the same name in the Upper Palatinate municipality of Bodenwöhr in the Schwandorf district of Bavaria .

history

In the first half of the 11th century, the Sankt Emmeram monastery owned the locus Suuant ( schwenden = to make arable) in this area. After the death of Pettendorf Friedrich III. († around 1119) gave his son-in-law Otto von Wittelsbach to the Bamberg Bishop Otto I. these possessions to found a monastery in Ensdorf . This monastery was also equipped by Bishop Otto with parts of the imperial forest that Emperor Heinrich II had donated to the Bamberg diocese. At the beginning of the 13th century, a Seyfridus de Pettendorf gave the monastery of Ensdorf the prädium Swante .

In 1210, in a document from the Ensdorf monastery, Fridericus de Swante appears as a witness and probably as a ministerial of the Lords of Pettendorf. In 1306 the Reichenbach am Regen monastery also had a curia in Swantt . In 1370 Eberhard der Hofer owned the Swantt (= Altenschwand) seat . At the beginning of the 15th century he was followed by Peter Urssenpeck on the Schwandt Fortress . He left the seat on loan to his son-in-law Ulrich Hawczendorffer . After his death, Peter Urssenpeck resided here again . On April 19, 1448 he, his son Jörg and his daughter Anna sell the Veste Allten Geswant with all pertinances to the Schwandorf nurse Hanns Vingerlein . He bequeathed the seat to his son Georg, who was matriculated with Altenschwand between 1518 and 1522. His son Sebastian sells the property to Bernhard Stöckel zu Eslarn . During this transfer of ownership, a detailed list of all income associated with the fortress was made.

On April 3, 1536, the festival passed to Jobst von Thondorff , who sold it to Elector Ludwig V and Count Palatine Friedrich for six months . Since then, Altenschwand has belonged to the Palatinate Office of Neunburg vorm Wald .

A differentiation between Alten- and Neuenschwand is expressed for the first time in the Regensburg parish directory from 1438. Most of the village of Neuenschwand was subject to interest after Bodenstein and follows the history of Bodenstein Castle . The Vogtei over Neuenschwand was a fiefdom of the St. Emmeram Monastery and was awarded as such until the secularization of 1803. On May 1, 1978 Altenschwand was incorporated into the municipality of Bodenwöhr. Until 1921, Bodenwöhr belonged to the independent community of Neuenschwand. In 1921 the name "Neuenschwand Municipality" was changed to "Bodenwöhr Municipality".

The fortress Altenschwand was located in the center of Altenschwand near the branch church of St. Nicholas. Rising masonry is no longer there.

The castle site is protected as a ground monument number D-3-6739-0002: "Medieval castle stables". Immediately to the east, between this monument and the district road SAD 18, there is another ground monument with the number D-3-6739-0003: "Flattened medieval tower hill".

description

The castle complex, preserved today only as a castle stables , belonged to the type of moated castles . It was about 100 to 175 meters northeast of the Catholic branch church St. Nikolaus von Altenschwand in a shallow valley on the edge of the village. In addition to the moated castle, there was another castle in the village, this tower hill castle adjoins the site of the moated castle to the east and is now completely leveled. Only a remnant of the wall of the Altenschwand moated castle has been preserved, located in the southeast corner of the complex, which is around two meters high and around five meters wide. Other structural remains of the complex, which was once surrounded by a rampart and a moat , have not been preserved, the moat is completely filled, and the castle site is severely disturbed by the construction of a fish pond.

literature

  • Wilhelm Nutzinger: Neunburg vorm Wald (= Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Old Bavaria, issue 52). Commission for Bavarian History, Verlag Michael Lassleben, Munich 1982, ISBN 3-7696-9928-9 , pp. 157–161.
  • Armin Stroh : The prehistoric and early historical monuments of the Upper Palatinate . (Material booklets on Bavarian prehistory, series B, volume 3). Verlag Michael Lassleben, Kallmünz 1975, ISBN 3-7847-5030-3 , p. 281.

Web links

Notes and individual references

  1. ↑ The sometimes rumored opinion that Otto Zenger von Schwarzeneck received permission from Margrave Ludwig the Brandenburger in 1348 to build a fortress on Schwant , and can only refer to the village of Gschwand near Lixenried (today a district of Furth im Wald ) and not on this swant .
  2. ↑ List of monuments for Bodenwöhr (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation (PDF; 135 kB)
  3. ^ Location of the Burgstall in the Bavarian Monument Atlas
  4. ^ According to the Bavarian Monument Atlas
  5. ↑ Source description: Armin Stroh : The prehistoric and prehistoric terrain monuments of the Upper Palatinate , p. 281