Haselbach Castle (Schwandorf)

Haselbach in the "Libellus chronologicus et topographicus" by Christoph Vogel

The expired Haselbach Castle (Schwandorf) and its predecessor, the Haselbach Castle or Veste , were located in what is now the Haselbach district of the Upper Palatinate town of Schwandorf in Bavaria , Germany .

history

Haselbach was first mentioned in a document in 1123 when a Wicknat de Hasepach appeared as a seal witness in a document from the Ensdorf monastery . This noble family of Haselbachers lived here until 1282. Albert von Haselbach sells his goods to the Ensdorf monastery in 1282 (the von Haselbach family appeared in other places until 1423). Then those of Buchberg are proven here. The Paulsdorfer followed this . 1292 is Conrad III. Paulsdorfer the owner of Haselbach (documented evidence between 1288 and 1330). In 1347 Conrad IV. Paulsdorfer von Haselbach (1317-1360) is mentioned; he was also the owner of Ettmannsdorf . The Church of St. Michael (today the Church of St. Peter and Paul) in Haselbach was first mentioned in a document as a castle chapel in 1361 among the Paulsdorf residents. Nikolaus Paulsdorfer lived here in 1388 (the brothers Nikolaus and Konrad V. Paulsdorfer von Haselbach are mentioned from 1367 to 1400); Nikolaus Paulsdorfer was a nurse in Schwandorf in 1387 .

In 1412 Haselbach came to Heimeram Nothracht von Wernberg by marriage ; he was married to Praxedis Paulsdorfer von Haselbach, a daughter of Benigna von Fronberg . In 1419 there was another Paulsdorf resident here, Conrad VII von Haselbach (1407–1422) and nephew of Praxedis. Wilhelm Paulsdorfer wore the banner of the supreme captain Heinrich Pflug zu Schwarzenburg in the battle of Hiltersried against the Hussites in 1433 . He was seriously injured by a Hussite arrow.

Around 1440, Haselbach was bought by Georg Hirschberger . By marrying his daughter Dorothea, Haselbach falls to Jörg Pollinger († 1471). The tombstone of Dorothea von Hirschberg († 1478) is now placed in the presbytery of the Church of St. Peter and Paul von Haselbach; this is said to be the oldest gravestone in the middle Upper Palatinate. Jörg Pollinger was also the owner of Fronberg. Between 1480 and 1534 the Freudenbergers are based in Haselbach . Christoph Freudenberger, district judge of Amberg , is entered in the land table in 1484 as the owner of the Hofmark. In 1522 Adam Freudenberger, Pfalz-Amberger Landmarschall, is the local owner. They were followed by Schwarz from 1534 to 1583, and by Rußwurm from 1583 to 1762 . In 1583 Anton Rußwurm (* 1559, † 1601) bought the Hofmark from his mother-in-law Katharina Euphemia Schwarz. During the Thirty Years War , Haselbach was devastated by the Swedes on June 7, 1632 . In the following years, too, the entire area was plundered and devastated by army raids. The last of the sootworms was Veith Ludwig von Russwurm, forester in Painten , keeper of Hemau and captain of the electoral bodyguard. He died childless in Mannheim in 1762 . This was also the end of the Rußwurm family on Haselbach and Ettmannsdorf. For a short time the Hofmark came to the von Gleichen (1762–1763).

From 1764 to 1769 the Hofmark was owned by Karoline Franziska Dorothea von Parkstein . She was a daughter of the elector Karl Theodor von Pfalz-Bayern and Françoise Després-Verneuil (actually the baker's daughter Franciska Huber from Mannheim), born out of wedlock. Karoline von Parkstein owned the Haselbach and Ettmannsdorf court brands until 1769.

On June 27, 1777, Max Karl Freiherr von Spiering bought the two court brands on Fronberg († March 15, 1787). During this time too, the area suffered heavily from the French Wars. The von Spiering family remained court lords until the 19th century. The last of the Spierings was Carl Thodor; This son, who was still underage when his father Max Karl died, was able to take over the Hofmark from 1804 († on June 21, 1829 in Regensburg). He was the last male descendant of the von Spiering family. His daughter Caroline took over the property in Fronberg, Ettmannsdorf and Haselbach. Caroline von Spiering married the royal chamberlain Karl Theodor Count von Holnstein zu Schwarzenfeld in 1831 (coming from a bastard line of the Wittelsbach family). This unhappy marriage was divorced "from bed and table" in 1836, but it was not until 1857 that Caroline was allowed to marry her lover Wilhelm Freiherr von Künsberg . From 1859 to 1860 ownership passed to him.

In 1860 a community of heirs followed, consisting of Count Eckart von der Mühle zu Leonberg , Freiherr von Ziegler and Count Anton von Boninsky. From this the property is sold to the Krämersche Kreditkasse and Wechselban in Uffenheim (1863–1888) and subsequently acquired by Gottfried Kohlermann from Munich (1888–1900). He was succeeded by Iwan Graf von Blücher, but ownership passed to Landesbank Berlin as early as 1901 (until 1904).

In 1902 51 families bought the old Hofmarkschloss and in 1909 transferred it to the Haselbach Church Foundation to build the rectory. Its eastern cellar wall turned out to be 2.7 m thick during the new construction, which refers to the former fortress. A corridor (round arch made of sandstone) to the so-called Schmidmichlhaus was discovered below the rectory, which was made accessible again over a length of 5 m.

The Hofmark Haselbach became an independent municipality in 1818. There was a 2nd class court in Haselbach until the aristocratic jurisdiction was dissolved in 1848. In 1972 Haselbach was incorporated into Schwandorf.

Haselbach Castle and Castle then and now

Haselbach Castle, which has already passed away, must have had a predecessor. This is indicated by the drawing of the place in the description of the state of Pfalz-Neuburg by Christoph Vogel and the Burglengenfeld draftsman Matthäus Stang around 1600; Here Haselbach is shown with three towers and a defensive wall . The Haselbach Fortress is also mentioned in the Regesta sive rerum boicarum autographa . A visitation protocol from 1595 also states: "Haselbach ... has 33 courtyards and a noble seat called Vestung, on which Anthoni Rußwurm is."

Up to its octagonal elevation, the tower of the church was a castle tower of the "Veste Haselbach" named in 1387. Archaeological evidence of the medieval Haselbach Castle has only recently emerged. Remnants of the wall were discovered during renovation work at the Kirchawirt (already mentioned in 1432 as "Taverne zu Haselbach"), which indicate a medieval half-tower and a wall. This masonry is now a listed building (D-3-6638-0124).

In Haselbach there was also another so-called castle, which was built in 1880 on the Hofgartenacker as an administrative and farm building, but which belonged to the Sitzenhof manor. In 1983 this was also canceled. The associated castle wall was torn down in 1999.

literature

• Georg Hager: The art monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Volume 2. Administrative regions of Upper Palatinate and Regensburg. Issue 5: District Office Burglengenfeld. 1906. Reprint ISBN 3-486-50435-5 .
• Merl, Alfred: Haselbach yesterday and today. Self-published, Haselbach 2005.
• Merl, Alfred: Festschrift and home chronicle for the 125th anniversary of the establishment of the Haselbach Volunteer Fire Brigade, May 26-29, 2000. Self-published, Haselbach 2000.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Timeline of the Church of St. Peter and Paul in Haselbach
2. ↑ Georg Hager, 1909, p. 60.
3. ↑ Alfred Merl: A stone testimony of the "Veste Haselbach". Mittelbayerische Zeitung, Schwandorf edition, June 27, 2013.
4. ^ Alfred Merl, 2000, p. 52.
5. ^ Castle in Haselbach
6. ↑ Homepage Kirchawirt Haselbach
7. ↑ List of listed objects in Haselbach

Coordinates: 49 ° 20 '35.7 "  N , 12 ° 1' 50.9"  E