Pertolzhofen Castle

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Parish and pilgrimage church Pertolzhofen

The lost Pertolzhofen Castle was located in the current district of Pertolzhofen in the Upper Palatinate community of Niedermurach in Bavaria . The underground remains of the castle are under monument protection (D-3-6540-0075).

history

Pertolzhofen is one of the oldest settlements in the former Oberviechtach district . According to the name, it was the farm of a Berthold that gave it its name, the "hofen-Orte" being dated to the 8th to 10th centuries. The B (P) ertoldshofer can be traced back as landlords here since 1109. The village was their free property.

Coat of arms of those of Berchtoltzhofn (Pertolzhofen), in Siebmacher's coat of arms book (1605)

An indication of the age of this aristocratic residence comes from a grave plaque in the pilgrimage church of Sankt Maria von Pertolzhofen: On this it says, “Friedrich Ludwig von und zu Pertolzhofen, the last of the name and lineage of the Pertolzhofen family, died here in 1714 in 1109 by the local people In 1290 and 1292 Otto de Perchtoldeshoven returned his fiefdom in Kulz and Stockarn in favor of the Schönthal monastery . Another Albertus de Perhtolshoven appears in 1304 and 1306 as a witness during the transfer of goods. The Pertolzhofer are closely connected to the Reichenbach monastery ; Abbot Otto I (1303-1319) came from this family. During this time the monastery bought the town of Pertolzhofen, but the family bought it back in 1399. Another Otto von Pertolzhofen is 1350-1355 judge in Bruck , 1363 caretaker in Siegenstein and 1366 district judge in Neunburg vorm Wald . A Niclas der Pertolzhofer held the bailiwick of Illschwang as guardian until 1389 . His son Stefan, the keeper of Cham , founds an eternal mass for the soul in Reichenbach Abbey in 1398 for his deceased father Niclas. This Stefan, who is in the service of the sovereign, first documents in 1419 as the owner of Gut Fronhof in the district court of Nabburg . His descendants Friedrich and Georg (Gorig) moved their residence to the Fronhof in the middle of the 15th century. Gorig von Perchtolczhouen zu Franhof donated two Kulz farms to the Schönthal monastery in 1461. Balthasar Pertolzhofer, member of the Löwlerbund directed against Duke Albrecht IV. , Was Landsasse on the Fronhof and owner of Pertolzhofen until his death († around 1527) .

Balthasar von Pertolzhofen had five sons, Joachim, Hanns, Sebastian, Gabriel and Jorg Raphael von Pertolzhofen, all of whom were registered as residents of the Fronhof. At the beginning of the 1540s, ownership was divided, Gabriel is now registered for Pertolzhofen, Raphael for Fronhof and Sebastian for Altendorf. In 1566 Hanns Sigmundt von Pertolzhofen was registered here. This was the owner of the Hofmark until 1590 . In 1628, because he did not want to convert to Catholicism, he had to leave Pertolzhofen and died in Regensburg in 1630. In 1630 it is said that Hanns Georg was deeply in debt and that the castle had collapsed. Another Hanns Georg was able to acquire the estate in 1655. After his death († 1682) Friedrich Ludwig von Pertolzhofen became the local owner († 1714).

The sister of Friedrich Ludwig von Pertolzhofen was Johanna Rosina Sibilla; this inherited the castle and Hofmark in 1714. She was married to Friedrich von Sazenhofen for the second time . Her husband was Major General Karl Ferdinand von Satzenhofen from Churköllnisch. In 1718 the estate came to him; in 1731 he was still enrolled as a Landsasse. His widow Maria Anna succeeded him in 1749.

Also on the way of marriage, Max Wilhelm Freiherr von der Hayden, known as Belderbusch, received the Hofmark (“daughter husband” of Maria Anna) in 1770. He was succeeded in 1778 by Karl von Belderbusch, electoral Cologne secret council and district president in Bonn. The palace administrator (Johann) Michael Gradl bought the Hofmark from Baron Karl von Baiderbusch in 1791 and was ennobled in 1790. The castle belonged to Hofmark Pertolzhofen, which was "quite ruinos ... which (...) has not been inhabited for many years". After years of conflict, the government in Amberg granted him the right to exercise the rights of the landlords in 1799. On July 3, 1807, his status as a resident was withdrawn from him and the lower jurisdiction was also withdrawn because he had behaved “so raw and indecent, also disrespectful” that he was not worthy of privileges. In Pertolzhofen there were serious social conflicts at that time and the subjects were covered with lawsuits by the Gradl. On February 9, 1827, the district court of Neunburg informed the successor Anton von Gradl that the patrimonial jurisdiction would finally be withdrawn from the state. Lawsuits for depreciation and domestic ruin could not change that. In 1840 the castle estate was smashed by Anton von Gradl. The old castle was converted into a brewery. In 1971 the municipality of Pertolzhofen spoke out in favor of incorporation into Oberviechtach, but the government saw incorporation into Niedermurach as more appropriate; this was done in 1972.

Sanctuary of St. Mary

The pilgrimage church of Pertolzhofen serves as the burial place of the Pertolzhofen family. Its origins go back to the year 1150 and is therefore the oldest and historically most interesting building in the community of Niedermurach. However, the lords of the Hofmarks could not get their own parish established here. This originally Romanesque church also served as a fortified church . The tower is still loopholes . The pilgrimage began before 1465. The introduction of Lutheranism in the Upper Palatinate in 1556 by Ottheinrich could have marked the end of the pilgrimage; but this was retained. The baroque pilgrimage church, which was still fundamentally renewed under the Perchtoldshofener, was completed in 1699. Pertolzhofen became a branch in 1917 and thus obtained the long-desired independence.

Gun hammer from Pertolzhofen

Under the last Bertoldshofers, a gun hammer was built in Pertolzhofen between 1661 and 1714. He is listed in the Salbuch 1732 under the Hofmarksuntertanen: Obernberger owns the local Waffenschmidt without having a field or Wiesmahd, has no other reason, except where his luggage, as far as it stands, and the previous rule has a small garden too buy given as well as a Platzl to a cellar. Interest 6 florins. On the other hand, he is exempted from all gathering and billeting as well as the standing quarters. However, he must give the rulers the weapons they need in order to have a fair value. Also, all armourers in the household of fishing and crabbing in the stately brook, including its water, Wöhr and Radstuben at penalty 5 fl .

The hammer mill was mentioned in 1764 as one of the members of Pertolzhofen.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List of monuments of Niedermurach
  2. ↑ Emma Mages, 1996, p. 19.
  3. ↑ Emma Mages, 1996, pp. 120 ff.
  4. ↑ Emma Mages, 1996, p. 150 ff.
  5. ↑ The art monuments of Bavaria

Coordinates: 49 ° 25 ′ 36.7 ″  N , 12 ° 20 ′ 48.3 ″  E