Altfalter (Schwarzach near Nabburg)

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Old butterflies
Coordinates: 49 ° 23 ′ 49 ″  N , 12 ° 12 ′ 32 ″  E
Height : 399 m
Incorporation : 1975
Postal code : 92548
Area code : 09435
Altfalter (Bavaria)
Old butterflies

Location of Altfalter in Bavaria
Altmalter with Schwarzach (2012)
Altmalter with Schwarzach (2012)

Altfalter is a district of the municipality of Schwarzach near Nabburg in the Upper Palatinate district of Schwandorf in Bavaria .

Geographical location

Altfalter is located in the Upper Palatinate North region on the Schwarzach River , which flows into the Naab near Schwarzenfeld . The place is located on the steeply sloping heights of the vineyard (475 m), the Eichelberg (504 m) and the Pfarrerberg (480 m) on the state road 2159, which leads from Traunricht near Schwarzenfeld to Willhof .

history

Surname

Altfalter, "Affoltert, Alfaltern, Alfeldern, Allfaldern, Allfaltern" can look back on a long and eventful history. Altfalter was first mentioned in 1133 as "Affoltert". This is a derivation from Old High German, means something like "apple tree" and indicates existing fruit crops. But it could also be a waymarking or a border tree from which the name emerged.

Gender of the adult butterflies

In 1133 “otto de affoltert” was mentioned as a witness in a document from the Ensdorf monastery . A document from the Reichenbach Monastery named a "Otto de affolterin" around 1150 and in 1173 "Willehalmi de affoltir" was named as a witness when the "Vokkinghof" was handed over to the Reichenbach Monastery. The traditional code of the Reichenbach monastery led in 1205 "Meingozus de affalter". The family of the adult butterflies did not appear in later times.

Hofmark Altfalter

“For centuries, aristocratic landlords exercised lordship over entire villages. The amalgamation of manorial and judicial rule in the hands of a privileged class formed the basis of the court brands ”, as was the case in Altfalter. In old Bavaria there were around 1400 such court marks, whereby these areas were "either property (= allod ) or fiefdom of their owners". Some of the Upper Palatinate court brands were in the hands of Franconian aristocrats. In Altfalter there were two country estates, a leasable and an allodial estate. The latter was created in 1593 due to a division of the Murach inheritance.

The leasable Hofmark Altfalter

The following fiefdom lords , whose property related to the village of Altfalter, can be found in the files: In an Electoral Palatinate fief deed from September 24, 1477, Albrecht von Murach zu Guteneck received the fief of Altfalter and the tithing of the mine there. He was followed on November 16, 1502 by Christoph Zenger von Schwarzenberg as guardian for the two underage sons Jorg Albrecht and Hans. In 1518 Hans von Murach zu Niedermurach was the owner of the Altfalter Hofmark; the entry was corrected in Hanns von Murach zu Niedermurach and Altfalter. In 1561 Albrecht and Thoman Philipp von Murach were named as fief owners. The change of ownership is likely to have taken place as early as 1550, since both brothers are mentioned as owners of "Alfeldern" in the Landtag in Amberg at that time. Albrecht von Murach took over the Hofmark in 1586. In 1606 Otto von Murach followed. In the course of the forced re-Catholicization , during which many aristocrats from the Upper Palatinate were to be forced to change to the Catholic Church, Otto emigrated from Murach to Kulmbach. The Hofmark Altfalter was supposed to be sold, but this did not materialize. Otto von Murach's inheritance finally went to his son Hans Gottfried von Murach, who had become a Catholic in 1630. He was followed by his son Wolf Albrecht and in 1683 Christoph Gottfried von Murac. In 1709, Ludwig Adam von Murach was the lord of the court, followed in 1727 by the brothers Josef Matthias, Felix Mathias Anton, Franz Christoph Anton and Carl Albrecht von Murach. In 1787 a Franz Carl von Murach appeared as lord of the court. In 1820, jurisdiction was transferred to the state, and the court brands were dissolved in the following decades.

The allodial Hofmark Altfalter

The allodial Hofmark (property) Altfalter was created in 1593 due to an inheritance division of the Muracher, who had been in the lienable Hofmark Altfalter (see previous section) since 1477. Subjects in Furthmühle and Weiding belonged to the allodial Hofmark. The community of heirs of the Murach family followed Albrecht Gerhard von Löschwitz as owner in 1599. In 1637 the Altfalter estate was sold to Hans Christoph Volkhammer. Hans Christoph Pfreimder followed. From his heirs the property passed to Johann Friedrich von Satzenhofen in 1696. After his death, his widow Johanna Sybilla took over the Hofmark. In the following period until 1742 Thomas Janson von der Stock and his heirs were registered as residents of the allodial Hofmark Altfalter. In 1742 Johann Michael von Albrechtsburg acquired the allodial Hofmark Altfalter. He was succeeded by his son Johann Nepomuk Freiherr von Albrechtsburg in 1774. In 1805 the country estate was transferred to Baron Theobald von Anethan. With the dissolution of the court brands in the following period, the properties came into private hands and jurisdiction was transferred to the state.

Mining around Altfalter

Location of the mining fields

“Caused by the fault systems of the pile crossing in the southern Naab Mountains, a fluorspar area formed on both sides of the Naab, which in its approx. 15 km long longitudinal extension from southeast to northwest and its approx. 7 km wide transverse extension from southwest to northeast the towns of Lissenthan , Stulln , Wölsendorf , Schwarzach, Altfalter ”and Weiding.

Mining of silver and lead in the Middle Ages

As early as the 15th century, silver was mined in the area around Altfalter and Wölsendorf. Galena , also known as galena , is the most important ore for the extraction of lead due to its lead content of up to 87% and also the most important silver ore due to its silver content of up to 1%. In a feudal deed from the Electorate of the Palatinate dated September 24, 1477, Albrecht von Murach zu Guteneck was awarded the Altfalter fiefdom and the tithing of the mine there: “… the Zenhenden, from Berkwerck who received the merciful main from the mine, whether it was dug and found on my eyncherley mine ". With the Lehenrevers, a legally binding statement, it was determined that the tithing of the mine was due to the respective owner of the country estate. The importance of silver mining is shown in a document dated April 27, 1534, in which the Count Palatine Ludwig V and Frederick II issued a mining code. Towards the end of the 15th century, mining silver was less and less profitable because the deposits were exhausted. The focus was therefore increasingly on the mining of lead.

Church building

Tax district from 1811

In 1811 there were a total of 58 tax districts in the Nabburg Regional Court. One of them was Altfalter "with the castle of Theobald Freiherrn von Anethan, the hamlet of Richt, the wastelands of Furthmühle and Auhof and the forests of Eichelberg and Schwarzacher Kirchholz. 51 houses, 271 souls "

Municipal directory from 1842

Altfalter describes a list of the communities in the Nabburg district court as follows: “Landgemeinde. 1842 under regional court jurisdiction: 31 families with 164 souls; under patrimonial : 30 families with 125 souls. Exclusively Catholic. Branch church Altfalter belonging to the parish of Schwarzach. In the local Catholic school, 54 weekday and 60 Sunday students were taught "

Dissolution of the community

The municipality of Altfalter was incorporated into the municipality of Schwarzach near Nabburg on January 1, 1975.

Culture and sights

Churches

Personalities

  • Wolfgang Hesl , * 1986 in Nabburg, youth goalkeeper at SC Altfalter

Picture gallery

  • Old butterfly (2013)

  • Old butterfly, looking towards Schwarzenfeld (2013)

  • View from Schwarzenfeld to Altfalter (2012)

  • Ortisei

  • St. Bartholomew

  • St. Bartholomew

  • Furthmühle (2013)

literature

  • Amberg State Archives, Book No. 237.
  • Amberg State Archives, Fiefdoms Upper Palatinate, No. 44.
  • State Archives Amberg, Fiefdoms Upper Palatinate, No. 21468.
  • Karl Otto Ambronn, Landsassen and Landsassengüter of the Principality of the Upper Palatinate in the 16th Century , Munich 1982.
  • Elisabeth Müller-Luckner: Nabburg. (Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Old Bavaria, 50). Munich 1981, ISBN 3-7696-9915-7 .
  • Ernst Schwarz: Language and Settlement in Northeast Bavaria. (Erlangen contributions to linguistics and art studies 4). Erlangen 1960, DNB 454606656 .
  • Robert Kuhnle: The district of Nabburg. Nabburg 1967, OCLC 632718026 .
  • Monumenta Boica. 54 volumes, Munich 1763–1956.
  • Bavarian Main State Archives Munich, Ministry of Finance, No. 10165.
  • Alois Köppl, From the history of the community of Gleiritsch , 2nd edition, Gleiritsch 1988.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Elisabeth Müller-Luckner: Nabburg. 1981, p. 441.
  2. ↑ Monumenta Boica. Vol. 24, No. 13, p. 14.
  3. ↑ Ernst Schwarz: Language and Settlement in Northeast Bavaria. 1960, p. 160.
  4. ^ Robert Kuhnle: The district of Nabburg. 1967, p. 96.
  5. ↑ Monumenta Boica, Vol. 24, No. 4, p. 14
  6. ↑ Monumenta Boica, Vol. 27, No. 417, pp. 16 f.
  7. ↑ Monumenta Boica, Vol. 27, No. 27, p. 22
  8. ↑ Monumenta Boica, Vol. 27, No. 69, p. 48 f.
  9. ↑ Alois Köppl: From the history of the community Gleiritsch. 2nd edition, Gleiritsch 1988, p. 36.
  10. ^ Friedrich Lütge : The Bavarian manorial rule. Investigations into the agricultural constitutions of Old Bavaria in the 16th to 18th centuries. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart 1949, p. 38 f.
  11. ↑ Karl Otto Ambronn, Landsassen und Landsassengüter des Principality of the Upper Palatinate in the 16th Century, Munich 1982, p. 25
  12. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Lehensurkunden Oberpfalz, No. 21400
  13. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Standbuch No. 215, fol. 208
  14. ↑ Emma Mages: Oberviechtach . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria , part of Old Bavaria . Series I, issue 61. Komm. Für Bayerische Landesgeschichte, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-7696-9693-X , p. 118 ( digitized version ).
  15. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Loyalty Documents Oberpfalz, No. 39
  16. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Standbuch No. 215, fol. 499
  17. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Loyalty Documents Upper Palatinate, No. 44
  18. ↑ State Archive Amberg, Upper Palatinate, Files for Religious and Reformation, No. 419
  19. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Fiefdoms Upper Palatinate, No. 48
  20. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Fief Documents Upper Palatinate, No. 50
  21. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Loyalty Documents Oberpfalz, No. 53
  22. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Fiefdoms Upper Palatinate, No. 54
  23. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Fiefdoms Upper Palatinate, No. 21467
  24. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Loyalty Documents Upper Palatinate, No. 21468
  25. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Standbuch No. 219, p. 95
  26. ↑ a b State Archives Amberg, Book No. 237
  27. ^ Elisabeth Müller-Luckner, Nabburg, Historischer Atlas von Bayern, p. 3
  28. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Lehensurkunden Oberpfalz, No. 31399
  29. ^ Karl Weiß, 25 years of the Stulln Miners' Association / Cäcilia Miners' Association, Schwarzenfeld / Marienschacht Miners' Association, Wölsendorf, Stulln, 1977, p. 49
  30. ^ Bavarian Main State Archives, Munich, Ministry of Finance, No. 10165
  31. ^ Elisabeth Müller-Luckner: Nabburg. 1981, p. 397.
  32. ^ Elisabeth Müller-Luckner: Nabburg. 1981, p. 417.
  33. ^ Government resolution of December 11, 1974.

Web links

Commons : Altfalter  - Collection of images, videos and audio files