Stulln

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 49 ° 25 '  N , 12 ° 9'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Upper Palatinate
County :	Schwandorf
Management Community :	Schwarzenfeld
Height :	377 m above sea level NHN
Area :	15.52 km 2
Residents:	1647 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	106 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	92551
Area code :	09435
License plate :	SAD, BUL , NAB , NEN, OVI, ROD
Community key :	09 3 76 169
Community structure:	8 districts
Association administration address:	Viktor-Koch-Str. 4 92521 Schwarzenfeld
Website :	www.stulln.de
Mayor :	Hans Prechtl ( CSU )
Location of the community of Stulln in the district of Schwandorf

Stulln is a municipality in the Upper Palatinate district of Schwandorf and a member of the Schwarzenfeld administrative community .

geography

• Western district of Schwandorf
• "Upper Palatinate Forest" nature park

Community structure

In addition to the main town, the municipality of Stulln consists of the following seven districts

Brensdorf Freedom Geiselhof Count Richt

Column courtyard Schanderlhof Vierbruckmühle

history

Filial church of St. Stephen

The beginnings

Only very sparse local history documents are available about Stulln and its surroundings. The archives of the parish of Schwarzenfeld, from which much would have become apparent, perished during the Reformation. Archaeological sources show that the middle Naabraum was involved in settlement processes early on. However, the first written reports on the local history of Stulln and its neighborhood only date from around 1000 AD.

The emperors of the Holy Roman Empire strengthened their royal power by taking great care of the organization of the church, appointing bishops and abbots, endowing them with extensive territorial property and sovereignty and making them their vassals. Emperor Heinrich II. (973-1024), former Duke of Bavaria and born in Bad Abbach near Regensburg, founded the diocese of Bamberg in 1007 and also the monastery of St. Theodor there. It should play an important role in the first historical entry of our village.

middle Ages

On April 17, 1015, Heinrich II signed a deed of donation in Merseburg , the place where he was crowned king and perhaps therefore a popular residence, in which he bequeathed "Suarzinvelt and Weilindorf" (Schwarzenfeld and Wölsendorf) to the abovementioned monastery. Stulln should have become Bamberg's property because in 1174 Bishop Hermanus II of Bamberg handed over his goods "in Volsendorf et Stulen" to the care of his uncle "Hertnido de Ratendorf". This is the first time that Stulln is mentioned in a document.

The protection of the landlords for land and property, and the associated exemption from military service, had to be bought dearly by the peasants of the Middle Ages: They gave up their independence and were henceforth obliged to pay taxes and compulsory labor from the yields of the farms left to them for processing afford to. In the documents of the St. Theodor monastery, 1402 " Hintersassen " (servants) are documented in Stulln.

The "silk bag" was sent to Stulln and Tännesberg for the annual collection of the money. Stulln must have been quite profitable, because when Konrad der Paulsdorfer, who also called himself "von Murach", gave his share in the Lower House of Tännesberg to Count Palatine Ruprecht III in 1394 . sold by the Palatinate, he reserved not only some bailiwicks but also the "silk bag" from Stulln. Said Count Palatine was born in Amberg in 1352 and was elected Roman-German King Ruprecht on August 21, 1400 .

“Around this time the monasteries Michelfeld, 1119, Ensdorf Monastery, 1121, Speinshart, 1145, Walderbach, 1133, Reichenbach, 1118, and Waldsassen, 1133, were donated and richly enriched with goods, even with entire lordships, as in general the foundation of monasteries by wealthy people in the 11th and 12th centuries became utter mania, and every founder, so to speak, lulled himself into the belief that for this reason heaven already had an open door for him ”(Christof Stahl,“ Trischinger Ortschronik ”, 1907). The names of the other parts of the municipality of Stulln appear in such donation deeds, later in sales deeds or salbuch: Hartwig von Brensdorf (Hertwicus de Bremesdorf) in Reichenbacher deeds, Säulnhof in records of the court hospital in Regensburg (1210) and the Ensdorf monastery (1215 ). In 1367 the Grafenreuth Chunrad der Slatar received inheritance rights for five years from Heinrich Wagner zu Trisching, the first historical record of Grafenricht.

Thirty Years' War

The exposed location of Stulln on the main road from Regensburg to the north may have been the decisive factor in the fact that there was evidence of a tavern for the carters as early as the end of the 16th century. In times of war, however, this traffic artery was repeatedly detrimental to the people here. When troops or scattered hordes of soldiers marched through the town, plundering, they often suffered more than fighting. On January 22nd, 1634, it was the time of the Thirty Years' War , the Stullner witnessed the passage of the Swedish Colonel Toubalt with his soldiers. Shortly before the end of this war in 1648, Stulln again had to face hardships from Swedish troops under General Königsmark. In 1664 all kinds of war people made the place unsafe when they returned from the Turkish war. In the Austrian War of Succession 1740–48, General Bathyani camped with 40,000 men in the local area. In 1796 the French under Jourdan and the Austrians under Archduke Karl near Amberg faced each other. Stulln threatened to burn down. On August 23, the chronicle reports a cavalry skirmish near Stulln.

Local peasant families

We are notarized on old peasant families: 1455 Ullrich Pellmeier, 1460 Hermann zu Stulln, 1503 Kunz Hermann, 1460 Ludwig von Stulln. According to the Salbuch of the Nabburg office, a duty and tax book that the nurse Friedrich Steinlinger created in 1513, Andreas Gollner von Stulln had to pay 15 pfennigs "from the praytwiese near the long webs". Stulln also had to pay a "Zinskeß" (cheese interest), namely six cheeses from one farm and three cheeses each from a "Söldengütlein", as well as the "Airzins" (egg interest), namely two shillings from a farm and 1 quintal Eggs from a "Söldengütlein" (around 1000 pieces).

Stulln's structural picture is unlikely to have changed for centuries. The agricultural yields were low. That is why there was more land “under the plow” in earlier times than there is now. The recognizable terraces on part of the wooded southern slopes of the Stullner Berg still give eloquent testimony today. The prerequisites for large-scale trade and commerce were lacking. Since the time of its existence, Stulln has been in a border region with all the disadvantages for economic development.

His historical career was also influenced by the proximity to the two neighboring towns of Nabburg and Schwarzenfeld. Cultural support, administration, trade, commerce and traffic were concentrated in both places. According to the market regulations of the former district town of Nabburg, which the Nabburg victum Gerhard Wildgraf zu Dun, zu Kirberg, Reingraf zum Stein issued on January 7, 1460, Stulln also had to deliver his products to the Nabburg weekly market. Belonging to the Bavarian administrative and judicial district of Nabburg also determined the historical development. For centuries, Stulln was church dependent on Schwarzenfeld.

After 1800

In 1840 there lived 406 people in Stulln, and this number of inhabitants will hardly have changed over the period of the previous half millennium. Nor did it change significantly until the 1940s. Before the Second World War , Stulln was a small village with 24 house numbers. Hydrofluoric acid production was set up during the Second World War. For this purpose, from February to mid-October 1942, 99 concentration camp prisoners and prisoners of war were amalgamated in a satellite camp of the Flossenbürg concentration camp in Stulln. The hydrofluoric acid was used to manufacture aluminum fluoride , an important raw material for aluminum production. After the war, the company was continued by the United Aluminum Works VAW and continues to exist under a different name to this day (2011). After the Second World War, people found work in the fluorspar pits, in the Stullner factory and in the chamotte and pottery factory. The two barracks camps built during the Third Reich were occupied by more than a hundred refugee families. The enormous population development to 1250 people initiated an unprecedented infrastructural development.

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018 the community grew from 1,306 to 1,634 by 328 inhabitants or 25.1%.

• 1970: 1250 inhabitants
• 1987: 1272 inhabitants
• 1991: 1357 inhabitants
• 1995: 1452 inhabitants
• 2000: 1559 inhabitants
• 2005: 1691 inhabitants
• 2010: 1652 inhabitants
• 2015: 1678 inhabitants

Culture and sights

The branch church of St. Stephen is a Gothic choir church that was slightly changed in the 16th and 17th centuries. The fragments of the wall painting from the 15th century are remarkable .

In the Freiung district there is the “Reichhart-Schacht” mining museum, which is a former mine that used to mine fluorspar and has been closed since July 2013.

In addition, one of the largest carnival parades in the Upper Palatinate meanders through Stulln every year. Up to 17,000 people come to him from near and far.

See also : List of architectural monuments in Stulln

See also : Burgstall Stulln

politics

City council election 2008

Turnout: 75.4%

 %

50

40

30th

20th

10

0

42.8%

21.3%

18.1%

17.8%

CSU

BF ^b

FWG ^c

SPD

Remarks:

^b Citizens' Forum

^c FWG Stulln

mayor

Mayor is Hans Prechtl ( CSU ). In 2002 he succeeded Franz Rauch (CSU).

tax income

The municipal tax revenue amounted to around 1.7 million euros in 2009, of which trade tax revenue amounted to 950,000 euros.

Municipal council

The 2014 local elections brought this result:

• CSU: 6 seats
• SPD: 2 seats
• FW: 3 seats
• Bf: 1 seat

coat of arms

Blazon : “Split of silver and blue, a black mallet and iron crossed diagonally at the front , a golden ear of wheat with two hanging leaves at the back.” Coat of arms since 1964.

Economy and Infrastructure

Economy including agriculture and forestry

In 1998, according to official statistics, there were no employees subject to social security contributions in the manufacturing industry or in the trade and transport sector at the place of work. In other economic sectors, 21 people were employed at the place of work subject to social security contributions. There were a total of 548 employees at the place of residence subject to social insurance contributions. There were ten companies in the manufacturing sector and two in the construction sector. In addition, in 1999 there were 31 agricultural holdings with an agricultural area of ​​989  ha , of which 825 ha were arable land.

traffic

Road traffic

• Autobahn A 93 (Regensburg-Weiden), Schwarzenfeld junction five kilometers, Nabburg junction six kilometers

Rail transport

• Railway stations in the area: Nabburg and Schwarzenfeld

education

The following institutions exist (as of: 1999):

• Kindergartens: 75 kindergarten places with 100 children
• Primary school: 1st to 4th grade with an average of 28 children each.

TSV Stulln 1954 e. V.

The largest local club is TSV Stulln 1954 e. V. The association has around 810 members (as of 2011) across all age groups and departments. The club is divided into six departments, of which the soccer department is the strongest in terms of personnel. Further departments of the TSV are gymnastics, tennis, volleyball, darts and the youngest and very successful department table tennis. In terms of sport, around 200 children and young people are currently being looked after by the trainers in the individual departments. In 2014 the TSV celebrated its 60th anniversary.

Web links

Commons : Stulln  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Aerial photos of the place
• Entry on Stulln's coat of arms  in the database of the House of Bavarian History

• Reichhart-Schacht mining museum
• Virtual tour of the fluorspar mine Reichhartschacht
• Stulln: Official statistics of the LfStat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de
3. ^ Website of the Flossenbürg Concentration Camp Memorial Accessed July 6, 2016
4. ↑ Wolfgang Benz, Barbara Distel, Angelika Königseder: The place of terror: Flossenbürg, Mauthausen, Ravensbrück
5. ↑ csu-stulln.de ( Memento of the original from September 26, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
6. ↑ http://www.stulln.de/
7. ↑ tsv.stulln.de