Kühloch near Königstein

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Kühloch near Königstein

Entrance Kühloch and adjoining rock hall

Entrance Kühloch and adjoining rock hall

Location: Koenigstein , Franconian Alb , Germany
Height : 565  m above sea level NN
Geographic
location:
49 ° 36 '37.9 "  N , 11 ° 39' 28"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 36 '37.9 "  N , 11 ° 39' 28"  E
Kühloch near Königstein (Bavaria)
Kühloch near Königstein
Cadastral number: A 40
Geology: dolomite
Type: Crevice cave
Show cave since: No
Lighting: No
Overall length: 60 meters

The Kühloch is a natural karst cave near Königstein in the Upper Palatinate district of Sulzbach-Rosenberg in Bavaria .

In the Franconian Alb cave register (HFA), the Kühloch is designated as A 40 and by the Bavarian State Office for the Environment as Geotope 371R008 and a natural monument . See also the list of geotopes in the Amberg-Sulzbach district .

Geographical location

The cave is located 1850 meters east-northeast of the Catholic Church of St. Michael in Königstein. It opens in the middle cliff of the Kühlochberg at 565  m above sea level. NN height and is therefore about 105  meters above the valley in the northwest.

description

The cooling hole is a through cave that begins as a horizontal hall cave. It is around 60 meters long and has three entrances. The largest east-facing entrance is about 7.5 meters high and 7 meters wide. At the entrance there is a flat rock hall about 20 meters long. At the supposed end of this hall, a stoop leads into a collapsed chasm , which leads back to the outside via an 11-meter vertical ceiling slot . The third entrance is on the northwest slope. It measures about 7 by 2 meters and is connected to the main hall by a narrow crevasse about 20 meters long. There are no stalactites or remarkable sintered jewelry in the cave.

history

Cooling hole from the inside

The cave served as a dwelling for Stone Age people. It is one of the oldest caves in the Upper Palatinate, in which human skeletons , flint tools and chert tools were discovered. Excavations in the cave took place in 1914 by Konrad Hörmann and on April 22, 1918 by Ferdinand Birkner . He dug a six-meter-long test trench across the course of the cave. The remains of cave bears and mammoths , a blue-gray flint drill and finds from the Hallstatt period and the Middle Ages were discovered at a depth of 1.20 meters . The find is lost today. In 1954, Manfred Moser found, among other things, a blade scraper in the excavation of Birkner's excavation; it is now in private ownership. In 1984 Moser made further reading finds in the cave.

During the First Coalition War , the Kühloch was used by the Königstein population as a hideout from the French in 1796. This is where the cave got its name. It is also said to have served robbers as a shelter and as a shelter for shepherds and their cattle. In the last days of the war in 1945, some Koenigsteiners took refuge in the cave.

The Kühloch is also designated as a ground monument .

Access

The cave is freely accessible all year round. It can only be reached on foot via a hiking trail marked with a red ring.

Individual evidence

  1. Kühlochfelsen east of Koenigstein . Geotop , accessed on August 25, 2013 (PDF; 190 kB)
  2. It used to be a must in local history. The Kühloch near Königstein is one of the oldest residential caves in the Upper Palatinate. In: Oberpfalznetz.de. May 21, 2011, accessed May 11, 2013 .
  3. Königstein, soil monuments. (PDF; 135 kB) List of monuments. Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, June 18, 2013, p. 4 , accessed on May 10, 2013 .

literature

  • Stephan Lang: Caves in Franconia. Hersbrucker Switzerland and Upper Palatinate Jura . Hans Carl Verlag, Nuremberg 2006, ISBN 3-418-00390-7 , pp. 80 and 82.
  • Bettina Stoll-Tucker: Post-Ice Age cave use using the example of the upper Pegnitz valley (Northern Franconian Alb). Publishing house Dr. Faustus, Büchenbach 1997, ISBN 3-9803996-6-4 , passim.
  • Armin Stroh : The prehistoric and early historical monuments of the Upper Palatinate . (Material booklets on Bavarian prehistory, series B, volume 3). Verlag Michael Lassleben, Kallmünz 1975, ISBN 3-7847-5030-3 , pp. 99-100.

Web links

Commons : Kühloch bei Königstein (A 40)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files