School (music history)

Schools in music history is the collective term for musicians from a certain period and region who follow a similar or the same style of music in terms of composition or interpretation, i.e. a musical tradition . There was such school education in the field of composition, singing and in the field of instrumental music. The term school generally refers to an institution "in which people, especially adolescents, come together for the purpose of their common and planned, long-term instruction and preparation for participation in social life."

"School" in the broader sense

In a broader sense, the term school also denotes the followers and followers of a culturally significant person or a specific line of thought, research or style. In contrast to schools in the fine arts (e.g. painting schools ), schools played a smaller role in music history. There were important schools in music, especially in the early and late phases of music history.

Schools in Music History

The following is an overview of schools in music history

Composition and orchestral schools

• Notre Dame School
• Venetian school
• Mannheim School ( Johann Stamitz )
• Vienna School
• Neapolitan school
• La Jeune France ( Olivier Messiaen )
• New German School ( Richard Wagner , Franz Liszt )

Singing and singing schools

• Monastic singing schools (e.g. the Lake Constance area)
  • Ars antiqua
  • Ars nova
  • Escola de Montserrat
• minstrel
• Mastersingers

Instrument schools

Organ schools

• North German organ school
• French organ school

Pianist schools

• German Pianist School ( Stern Conservatory , Martin Krause , Claudio Arrau , Edwin Fischer )
• French pianist school ( Friedrich Kalkbrenner , Pierre Zimmermann )
• Catalan Pianist School ( Pere Tintorer , Joan Baptista Pujol )
• Russian Pianist School ( Nikolai Rubinstein , Theodor Leschetizky )
• Vienna Pianist School ( Wolfgang Ebner , Johann Jakob Froberger )

Harpsichord schools

• French harpsichord school ( Jacques Champion de Chambonnières )

Guitar schools

• Catalan guitar school

Modern music schools

• Viennese School of Modernism (creator of free atonality and twelve-tone technique)
• Electronic music school (e.g. in the Cologne radio studio)
• Hamburger Schule (connection of the Neue Deutsche Welle with elements of indie rock , punk , grunge and pop )
• Gothenburg School (Melodic Death Metal)

literature

• Friedrich Herzfeld: Ullstein Lexicon of Music . Schools. 6th edition. Ullstein GmbH, Frankfurt a. M. 1973, p. 490 f .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Brockhaus Encyclopedia. In twenty-four volumes. New tenth, completely revised edition. Volume 19 Rut – Sch, page 548 f., Article "School".
2. ^ Friedrich Herzfeld, 1973.