Spongy
| Spongy | ||||||||||||
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Sisyra terminalis |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Sisyridae | ||||||||||||
| Banks , 1905 |
The spongy (Sisyridae) are a family of the reticulated winged (Neuroptera). They occur worldwide with about 60 species , in Europe there are five species in one genus native, four of which also occur in Central Europe .
features
Spongy reach a fore wing length of 4 to 10 millimeters. Their wings are gray or brown in color and have very few cross veins except in the costal field . They look similar to some species of the daytime (Hemerobiidae).
The larvae have long antennae and thread- shaped mouthparts that are flexible. In the second and third stages, seven paired, leg-like tracheal gills can be seen on the underside of the abdomen . These distinguish them from the similar larvae of the genus Osmylus der Bachlichen (Osmylidae).
Way of life
The animals are mostly active at night and at dawn. They feed on both living and dead insects, as well as pollen and honeydew .
development
The females lay their eggs individually or in small groups on plants that protrude over stagnant or slowly flowing water. The eggs are covered with a fine web. After hatching, they drop into the water and develop aquatically there. There they parasitize freshwater sponges of the Spongillidae family and freshwater moss animals (Phylactolaemata). They suck juice from the tissues of their hosts with their long mouthparts . You can also use their long antennae for locomotion. They are fully developed after a few weeks to a year. They pupate on land in sheltered places, such as B. under stones or on bark in a cocoon . In Europe they also overwinter in this one, but the larva does not pupate until spring.
Systematics (Europe)
- Sisyra dalii McLachlan, 1866
- Sisyra iridipennis Costa, 1884
- Sisyra jutlandica Esben-Petersen, 1915
- Sisyra nigra (Retzius, 1783)
- Sisyra terminalis Curtis, 1854
credentials
- ↑ Sisyridae. Fauna Europaea, accessed April 7, 2007 .
literature
- E. Wachmann , C. Saure: Netzflügler, mud and camel neck flies, observation, way of life , Naturbuch Verlag, Augsburg, 1997, ISBN 3-89440-222-9