Gestosis

Classification according to ICD-10
O10 - O16	Edema, proteinuria, and hypertension during pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium
O21	Excessive vomiting during pregnancy
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019)

Gestosis is an umbrella term for pregnancy- related diseases, the causes of which are largely unclear. A distinction is made between early gestosis in the first trimester of pregnancy (1st trimester ) with hyperemesis gravidarum or ptyalism (increased salivation) and late gestosis in the last third, which presents itself as preeclampsia or eclampsia or HELLP syndrome . The second trimester of pregnancy is usually not affected (so-called tolerance stage ). The term pregnancy poisoning (also pregnancy intoxication , pregnancy toxicosis and toxemia ) for gestoses is based on misconceptions about the causes and is out of date.

A graft gestosis (also: Propfgestose ), which, in contrast to the essential gestosis, grafts on to an already existing disease, is spoken of if a woman had high blood pressure ( arterial hypertension ) or kidney disease before pregnancy and other diseases during a later pregnancy Stop symptoms of gestosis or symptoms worsen.

Symptoms

The following symptoms, among others, can be signs of a gestosis: high blood pressure , increased protein excretion in the urine , edema , nausea , vomiting , headache , visual disturbances, seizures , pain in the right upper abdomen.

The consequences of a gestosis can be organ damage, which can affect the bile and liver, skin, blood, nerves, bones and joints.

Risk factors

The following are discussed as possible promoting factors of the gestosis:

• Family disposition
• Diseases of the kidneys and vascular system
• Uteroplacental circulatory disorders and other uteroplacental dysfunction
• Disorders of the microcirculation
• Magnesium deficiency
• Immunological mechanisms (autoimmune diseases)
• First pregnancy

literature

• Horst Kremling : On the history of the gestosis. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Vol. 17, 1998, pp. 261-274.
• Ernst T. Rippmann: The late gestosis. Basel / Stuttgart 1970.

Web links

• Definition of terms online , tk-online.de
• Description of the clinical picture , Frauenaerzte-im-netz.de

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Volker Friedberg, Ernst Hochuli: Pregnancy Toxicoses. In: Otto Käser u. a. (Ed.): Gynecology and Obstetrics, II: Pregnancy and Birth. Stuttgart 1967, pp. 450-515.
2. ↑ Ludwig Seitz : pregnancy toxicoses. In: Reichsärztekammer (Hrsg.): Guidelines for termination of pregnancy and sterility for health reasons. Edited by Hans Stadler. J. F. Lehmanns Verlag, Munich 1936, pp. 26–49, here: p. 26.
3. ↑ See for example Ludwig Seitz: pregnancy toxicoses. 1936, pp 38-43 ( Schwangerschaftscholehepatopathien , Schwangerschaftsdermatopathien , Schwangerschaftshaematopathien , pregnancy neuropathies , Schwangerschaftsosteo- and arthropathies ).
4. ↑ Gestosis: causes. Retrieved July 18, 2019 . 
5. ↑ Horst Kremling (1998), p. 269.

This article is about a health issue. It is not used for self-diagnosis and does not replace a diagnosis by a doctor. Please note the information on health issues !