Circulatory disorder

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A circulatory disorder is generally a disturbed blood flow in the circulatory system; the medical term for restricted blood flow in the cardiovascular system is reduced perfusion ( reduced blood flow ). A circulatory disorder at the microvascular level ( arterioles , venules , capillaries ) is called a microcirculation disorder ; larger blood vessels ( arteries , veins ) are affected by a macrocirculation disorder . Both forms can also occur in combination.

The disease value of a circulatory disorder depends in particular on the type and possibly the size of the cause of the disorder (e.g. an embolus ), on the number of affected blood vessels (veins) and, in some cases, on their location in the body. Underperfusion, in which less or, in the worst case, no longer perfused veins can no longer supply those organs and / or tissues that are connected to the circulation through those blood vessels with the (minimum) amount of blood they need need to function properly is medically known as ischemia . The tolerance that the affected organ or tissue has with regard to insufficient perfusion before it is damaged is called ischemia tolerance (IPC).
Circulatory disorders can affect the various organ and tissue functions both acutely and chronically , and ultimately even lead to the destruction ("downfall") of the areas with poor blood circulation through a form of coagulation necrosis .

causes

In principle, circulatory disorders can arise for three different reasons:

  1. due to a decreased supply of arterial blood into the blood vessel ;
  2. due to impaired outflow of venous blood out of the blood vessel;
  3. due to an impaired flow of lymph into the venous bloodstream .

These different disorders can occur either alone or in combination.

The possible causes for such circulatory disorders are manifold; Therefore, the article is limited to the most common, listed according to where they occur:

Tobacco smoking is considered to be the main risk factor for circulatory disorders .

Effects

Significant consequences are:

The so-called tapping phenomena are a special form of circulatory disorders .

See also

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