Black flower buck
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Black cone buck ( Grammoptera abdominalis ) |
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| Grammoptera abdominalis | ||||||||||||
| ( Stephens , 1831) |
The Black flowers Bock ( Grammoptera fever ) is a beetle from the family of longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae). The species is widespread in southern northern Europe as well as in central and southern Europe. It is one of 25 species of its genus in the Palearctic ; five of these occur in Europe.
features
Characteristics of the adults
The black flower buck reaches a body length of 5 to 10 millimeters. The body is typically long. The species of the genus differ from Leptura by the extremely short cheek areas in front of the eyes, from Alosterna by the fine and dense puncturing of the wing covers and the less sharply constricted neck behind the temples. The elytra are elongated and solid black, only the tip is sometimes brown with black hair. The thorax is also black. The abdomen is red. The legs are yellow-red or completely black at the base.
Characteristics of the larvae
The body and head of the larvae of the genus are similar to those of the genus Dinoptera ; however, the body is white instead of gray and has finer and shorter bristles. The larvae reach a length of about 11 to 14 millimeters with a width of the head capsule, which is concave on the sides, of about 2 millimeters. The body is more or less flattened. There are only three large stemmata on either side of the head capsule . The antennas are short and two-part, the third antenna element is missing. The rear edge of the pronotum has no bristles. The dorsal ampoule on the seventh abdominal segment is well developed and the ninth abdominal segment has no caudal spine at the end of the body.
distribution
The Black Blossom Buck is probably a Pontomediterranean fauna element and is widespread in southern Northern Europe with evidence in Norway and individual evidence in southern Sweden as well as in Central and Southern Europe. In Central Europe it is generally to be found frequently, in Germany and Austria it is found in all federal states, and it is also considered widespread in Switzerland. It is absent on the Iberian Peninsula , in the Caucasus and in Turkey .
Way of life
The Black Blossom Bock lives mainly in warm oak stands , both in the lowlands and at higher altitudes. The adults can be found from April to June and are mainly on the branches in the crown area of the trees. They are diurnal and mainly fly on sunny days in July and August. The beetles visit the flowers of various shrubs and trees, including hawthorns ( Crataegus ) and flowering fruit trees, as well as oaks and beeches .
The larval development time probably takes 2 years. The animals are polyphagous and develop mainly in oaks, but also in horse chestnuts ( Aesculus ) and sweet chestnuts ( Castanea sativa ); Larvae have also been found in the wood of rotting hornbeams ( Carpinus betulus ). The beetle larvae are bound to the occurrence of the common bark sprinkler ( Vuilleminia comedens ), a white rot fungus that mainly attacks oaks. The larvae can only develop in the white rotten wood, where they live mainly in thin and dead branches of the treetop region with a diameter of 2 to 5 centimeters, where the rot is already well advanced. They pupate under the bark or in the wood.
Systematics
The black billy beetle is a separate species of the longhorn beetle (Cerambycidae) and is classified there in the genus Grammoptera ( Audinet-Serville , 1835 ) within the narrowbuckle (Lepturinae). The first scientific description comes from the entomologist James Francis Stephens , who described it as Leptura abdominalis in 1838 . In addition to this species, the genus contains numerous others. Synonyms of the species are Leptura variegata ( Germar , 1824 ) and Grammoptera variegata ( Germar, 1824 ), Leptura analis ( Herrich-Schaeffer in Panzer , 1832 ) and Grammoptera analis ( Herrich-Schaeffer, 1832 ).
The name for the genus is derived from the Greek “ gramma ” for “line” and “ pteron ” for “ wing ”, which refers to the relatively narrow wings. The epithet " abdominalis " comes from Latin , means " abdomen " and indicates the red abdomen.
supporting documents
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Species: Grammoptera abdominalis (Stephens, 1831) - Black Blossom Buck ." In: Bernhard Klausnitzer, Ulrich Klausnitzer, Ekkehard Wachmann, Zdeněk Hromádko: Die Bockkäfer Mitteleuropas . Die Neue Brehm-Bücherei 499, Volume 2, 4th edition. VerlagsKG Wolf, Magdeburg 2018, ISBN 978-389432-864-1 ; Pp. 388-389.
- ↑ a b c “20. Genus: Grammoptera Serville. “In: Edmund Reitter : Fauna Germanica. The beetles of the German Empire. KG Lutz, Stuttgart 1912; P. 15. ( digitized version )
- ↑ a b Bernhard Klausnitzer, Ulrich Klausnitzer, Ekkehard Wachmann, Zdeněk Hromádko: The longhorn beetles of Central Europe . Die Neue Brehm-Bücherei 499, Volume 1, 4th edition. VerlagsKG Wolf, Magdeburg 2018, ISBN 978-389432-864-1 ; Pp. 105-107
- ↑ Grammoptera abdominalis. Fauna Europaea, accessed July 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Martin Rejzek, Karl Hadulla: Remarkable longhorn beetles in Rhineland-Palatinate and North Rhine-Westphalia (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Announcements of the Arbeitsgemeinsachft Rheinischer Koleopterologen (Bonn) 10 (1), 2000; Pp. 11-22. ( Full text ).
- ↑ Grammoptera abdominalis on biolib.cz; accessed on June 24, 2020.
literature
- "Species: Grammoptera abdominalis (Stephens, 1831) - Black billy beetle ." In: Bernhard Klausnitzer, Ulrich Klausnitzer, Ekkehard Wachmann, Zdeněk Hromádko: The longhorn beetles of Central Europe . Die Neue Brehm-Bücherei 499, Volume 2, 4th edition. VerlagsKG Wolf, Magdeburg 2018, ISBN 978-389432-864-1 ; Pp. 388-389.
