Black stripe squirrel
| Black stripe squirrel | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Callosciurus nigrovittatus | ||||||||||||
| ( Horsfield , 1824) |
The black-stripe squirrel ( Callosciurus nigrovittatus ) is a species of squirrel from the genus of the real squirrel ( Callosciurus ). It occurs in Southeast Asia in southern Thailand and on the Malay Peninsula as well as on Java , Sumatra and some neighboring islands.
features
The black-stripe squirrel reaches a head-trunk length of 18 to 20 centimeters and a weight of around 200 to 240 grams. The tail reaches a length of about 16 to 18 centimeters and is thus slightly shorter than the rest of the body. The back color of the animals is mottled black and sand brown, the shoulders are a little more brown. The ventral side is gray. There are two stripes on the side, the upper one light sand-brown and the lower one distinctly black.
distribution
The black-stripe squirrel occurs in southern Thailand and the Malay Peninsula, as well as Java , Sumatra and some neighboring islands.
Way of life
Habitat and territorial distribution
The black stripe callosciurinae as all other species of the genus primarily arboreal ( arboricol ). It occurs in various forest habitats, from primary rainforest areas to secondary forests, and lives in the foliage of trees. Research at the Krau Wildlife Reserve in Pahang , Malaysia found that the population was around 25% that of the banana squirrel ( Callosciurus notatus ). The population density there is about five individuals per 100 hectares. In anthropogenically disturbed areas, its population density is around twice as high as in primary forests. The territory size of a female in the Ula Gombak Forest Reserve in Selangor is estimated at 1.4 to 2 hectares.
Diet and Behavior
The squirrel feeds mainly on plants, especially fruits, and to a significant extent on insects. The animals react to threats from terrestrial predators with repetitive, staccato-like barks and tail wagging, which causes other squirrels to react by climbing into the trees and keeping quiet. On the other hand, the animals react to flying predators with a short bark when the birds of prey are further away, and with a rattle sound when the birds of prey are nearby. Other croissants in the vicinity react to this warning with a rigidity or they also rattle. The animal reacts to snakes with a squeak, whereupon conspecifics are motivated to attack and drive away ( hate ) the snake together .
Reproduction
The nest built by the black-stripe squirrel corresponds to that of the gray-bellied squirrel ( C caniceps ) and consists of an outer layer of twigs and rough leaves and an inner layer of soft material. In an investigation from 1948 to 1952, pregnant females were caught throughout the year, most between April and June and least often between October and December. The litter size is one to four young animals, on average 2.2.
Systematics
The black-stripe squirrel is classified as an independent species within the genus of the real squirrel ( Callosciurus ), which consists of 15 species. The first scientific description comes from Thomas Walker Horsfield from 1824, who described the species on the basis of an individual from the west of the island of Java.
Within the species, four subspecies are distinguished with the nominate form :
- Callosciurus nigrovittatus nigrovittatus : nominate form; Occurrence on the island of Java.
- Callosciurus nigrovittatus bilimitatus : mainland form in southern Thailand and the Malay Peninsula.
- Callosciurus nigrovittatus bocki : Occurrence in the highlands of Sumatra.
- Callosciurus nigrovittatus klossi : Occurrence on Saddle Island west of Kalimantan .
Status, threat and protection
The Black Striped Squirrel is classified as Near Threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Due to increasing habitat changes and fragmentation, the species mainly uses secondary forests and forest edge areas. Insufficient data is available about the specific habitat use and if it is a lowland species, it could react very sensitively to increasing habitat changes.
supporting documents
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Richard W. Thorington Jr., John L. Koprowski, Michael A. Steele: Squirrels of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD 2012; Pp. 144-145. ISBN 978-1-4214-0469-1
- ↑ a b c Callosciurus nigrovittatus in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014.2. Posted by: JW Duckworth, B. Lee, RJ Tizard, 2008. Retrieved October 25, 2014.
- ↑ a b c Callosciurus nigrovittatus In: Don E. Wilson , DeeAnn M. Reeder (Ed.): Mammal Species of the World. A taxonomic and geographic Reference. 2 volumes. 3. Edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4 .
literature
- Richard W. Thorington Jr., John L. Koprowski, Michael A. Steele: Squirrels of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD 2012; Pp. 144-145. ISBN 978-1-4214-0469-1
Web links
- Callosciurus nigrovittatus inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014.2. Posted by: D. Lunde, JW Duckworth, B. Lee, RJ Tizard, 2008. Retrieved October 25, 2014.