Oviedo sweat cloth

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Santo Sudario
The Arca Santa , a relic collecting container, in which the Santo Sudario is also kept

The Oviedo Shroud ( Spanish : Santo Sudario - Shroud of Oviedo) is a relic that is kept in the Cámara Santa of the Oviedo Cathedral in Oviedo , Spain .

history

There is no evidence of the Santo Sudario before the 7th century. It is documented for the first time in the Chronicon Regum Legionensium of Bishop Pelayo († 1153). This source from the 12th century reports that the cloth was evacuated from there to Alexandria in 614 after the Persians invaded Palestine , but was brought to Spain via North Africa in 616.

This means that there are around 500 years between the first document about the cloth and what is reported there, and another 600 years between the death of Jesus and the period given in the report, a total of 1100 years in which the cloth is not contemporary attested.

During the Asturian miners' strike in 1934 , the Cámara Santa was blown up. The Santo Sudario was also damaged.

Adoration

According to tradition, it is a cloth that was wrapped around the head of his corpse before the burial of Jesus Christ . The cloth is shown to the public three times a year in Oviedo Cathedral: on Good Friday , on the Exaltation of the Cross (September 14th) and on the Day of the Apostle Matthew (September 21st).

Facts

It is a heavily soiled, wrinkled and torn linen cloth , with traces of burn and blood, with the dimensions of about 84 × 53 cm. It was used as a shroud. The dark spots are arranged symmetrically. In contrast to the Turin Shroud , there is no image to be seen.

The cloth is kept in the Cámara Santa of the Cathedral of Oviedo in a silver shrine, the Arca Santa (" Holy Ark "), a container for a number of relics.

By C 14 -Datierung was determined that the cloth dated to the 7th century. Soiling of the cloth can have influenced this dating and the cloth may also be older. However, there is no evidence that the cloth existed at the time when Jesus lived.

Forensic medicine, the following traces could be read from the cloth:

  • The Santo Sudario has stains caused by Group AB human blood .
  • It shows no signs that the substance was tampered with after the 7th century (apart from damage).
  • It lay over the head of the corpse of an adult man and shows no traces that indicate a constitution of the deceased that deviated from normal.
  • The man had a beard, mustache and long hair that was tied in a ponytail at the nape of the neck.
  • The man's mouth was closed, his nose crushed and pushed to the right by the pressure of the cloth.
  • The man was dead. The spots could not have formed like this if he had still breathed.
  • There are a number of injuries on the underside of the back of the head caused by one or more sharp objects when it was alive. The wounds had bled about an hour before the drape was placed over them.
  • The entire head, shoulders, and at least part of the back were covered in blood before being covered with the sheet. This is known because it is impossible to reproduce the spots in the hair, on the forehead and on the head with blood from a corpse. The man was injured with something that bleed his scalp and left wounds on his neck, shoulders and upper back.
  • The man suffered pulmonary edema while dying .
  • The cloth was placed over the head starting from the back. From there it was led around the left side of the head to the right cheek and the remaining fabric was folded over the left cheek several times. It was fixed on the hair with sharp objects.
  • After the man died, the corpse remained in a vertical position for about an hour and the right arm was raised, with the head bent 70 degrees forward and 20 degrees to the right. The findings are compatible with a crucifixion .
  • The body was then placed on its right side on the floor, face down, with the arms in the same position, and the head flexed 20 degrees to the right and 115 degrees from the vertical position. The forehead was placed on a hard surface and the corpse was left in that position for about an hour.
  • The body was then moved and a third person's left hand tried to contain the discharge from the nose and mouth, pressing hard against it. This may have taken about 5 minutes. The cloth lay folded next to it the whole time. It was then unfolded, wrapped around the head, and held in place with sharp objects. This allowed part of the fabric, folded in a cone, to fall over the back. With the head covered in this way, the body was held up by a left fist. In this position, the cloth was then passed sideways over the surface. The sheet now covered the entire head and the corpse was moved face down for the last time, lying on a closed left fist. This movement resulted in the large triangular spot, on the surface of which the finger-shaped spots can be seen, and on the back of the fabric the curve with the imprint of the cheek. That also took a maximum of 5 minutes.
  • Then the corpse was turned face up. For unknown reasons, the scarf was then removed from the head.
  • May have been myrrh and aloe scattered over the cloth.

Relationship to the Turin Shroud

The Santo Sudario and the Turin Shroud show different pollen spectra .

Both fabrics are linen, but of a different weave .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Heras, Villalaín, Rodríguez: Comparative study , p. 1.
  2. ↑ Heras, Villalaín, Rodríguez: Comparative study , p. 3.
  3. ^ The Second International Conference on the Sudarium of Oviedo, April 2007 . PDF; accessed June 16, 2019.
  4. ↑ Heras, Villalaín, Rodríguez: Comparative study , p. 4f.