Alluvial
Coordinates: 47 ° 39 ′ 31 ″ N , 12 ° 17 ′ 53 ″ E
The Schwemm near Walchsee is North Tyrol's largest preserved moorland , it has been a Natura 2000 area since 2003 and a nature reserve since 2009 .
Location and origin
The Schwemm, by far the largest undisturbed moorland in North Tyrol, is located in a wide valley between the Kaiser Mountains in the south and the Chiemgau Alps in the north in the immediate vicinity of the village of Walchsee. The bog complex surrounded by meadows and pastures covers a total area of 66 hectares. The central part lies at an altitude of 665 m above sea level. A. The Schwemm drains over the Schwaigsbach and the Ramsbach into the Walchsee .
The moor was created by the silting up of a lake, which was dammed up between two moraines when the glaciers melted after the Ice Age and was connected to the Walchsee. The lake area was later separated from the Walchsee by the debris from the Ramsbach and silted up. The current state of affairs shows a central raised bog , surrounded by a ring-shaped intermediate bog, which ends with wet bog meadows, some of which have been mowed for litter.
fauna and Flora
The Schwemm is home to an abundance of rare animal and plant species, as a landscape that is completely original and as an important reservoir of high ecological value.
The bog provides habitat for numerous bird species such as red-backed shrike , Wood Sandpiper , marsh harrier , gray-headed woodpecker and black woodpecker and serves as a breeding ground for migratory birds such as Canada Geese , Gadwall , teal , snipe , lapwing and Fieldfare . In addition, bats (find greater mouse-eared , Lesser Horseshoe Bat ), amphibians ( yellow-bellied toad , Pool Frog ), butterflies ( Marsh Fritillary , dusky large blue , bog fritillary , Large Heath ), as well as numerous species of dragonflies like the dwarf dragonfly . Significant plant species that occur include marsh glossy herb , round and long-leaved sundew , marsh moss and mud sedge .
The reed belt grows particularly rapidly due to the nutrient input from the surrounding agricultural areas. In order to counteract this, WWF Austria organizes reed cutting campaigns every year, the aim of which is to at least partially remove the nutrients from the system with the green reed plants.
literature
- Natura 2000 data sheet (PDF; 106 kB).
- Klaus Oeggl : Contributions to the vegetation history of Tyrol VII: The Schwemm high moor near Walchsee . In: Reports of the Natural Science-Medical Association Innsbruck, Volume 75 (1988), pp. 37-60 ( PDF; 3 MB ).
- Peter Huemer , Wolfgang Auer: Butterflies (Lepidoptera) in the Natura 2000 protection area Schwemm (Walchsee, Tyrol): biodiversity, endangerment and protective measures . In: Scientific Yearbook of the Tyrolean State Museums 2011, pp. 85–109 ( PDF; 6.5 MB ).
