Scinax constrictus

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Scinax constrictus
Systematics
Subordination : Neobatrachia
without rank: Tree frogs (arboranae)
Family : Tree frogs i. w. S. (Hylidae)
Subfamily : Knick-toe tree frogs i. w. S. (Scinaxinae)
Genre : Knick-toe tree frogs ( Scinax )
Type : Scinax constrictus
Scientific name
Scinax constrictus
Lima , Bastos & Giaretta , 2005

The neotropical frog Scinax constrictus belongs to the tree frog family . Within the genus Scinax , the species is placed in the Scinax ruber clade and the Scinax rostratus group. The species was described in 2004 using the holotype from the municipality of Palmeiras ( Goiás , Brazil ); however, several individuals had been collected years earlier, but not determined. The species name comes from the Latin word "constrictio" and refers to a dorsolateral dermal constriction on the shoulders.

distribution

S. constrictus is widespread in the Brazilian state of Goiás , but the exact boundaries are still unclear. At the time of the first description, individuals from the communities of Guapó, Itaberaí, Jussara, Mossâmedes, Palmeiras, Pirenópolis, Pontalina, Porangatu and Uirapuru in Goiás were known.

description

The species is small in size compared to other members of the genus. The head-torso length of the males ranges from 20.8 to 29.4 mm, that of the females from 28.2 to 35.6 mm. Adult animals have a dorsolateral dermal constriction on the shoulders. The back color ranges from beige to pale green and brown with black, irregular spots. The skin glands on the back are colored brown, yellow or orange. The outer eardrum is bronze colored. The vocal sac is pigmented. The legs usually have three dark brown stripes. The nostrils protrude slightly, but do not stand out from the outline of the head when viewed from above. The skin is slightly warty. Tubercles on the upper eyelid, the jaw and calcar tubercles are present. Females have two tubercles over the cloaca , males a slight curve.

The species most closely resembles Scinax nebulosus . It generally differs from this knee-toe tree frog in its shorter head-torso length as well as the presence of tubercles on the jaw and the slight bulge over the cloaca of the males. In addition, the calls of the males can be distinguished. Pictures and drawings of S. constrictus can be found in the first description.

Habitat and Ecology

Scinax constrictus lives in the cerrado . Reproduction has been detected between December and March in permanent open waters . During this time, males call "upside down", a typical feature of the S. rostratus species group, from bushes about 80 cm high. Spawning females have so far been detected from December to February, with around 200 black eggs being released each time. The tadpoles are currently unknown.

Danger

The IUCN lists Scinax constrictus as “ Least Concern ” due to its widespread use in Goiás and because it is not believed that the population could decline quickly enough to warrant a higher risk level. However, the exact population size and trend are unknown. The main endangerment of the species is the progressive expansion of soy, maize and rice cultivation and the use of the Cerrado biome for intensive pasture.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Faivovich, J., Haddad, CFB, Garcia, PCA, Frost, DR, Campbell, JA & WC Wheeler: Systematic review of the frog family Hylidae, with special reference to Hylinae: Phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 294, 2005. 240 pp.
  2. ^ A b Duellman, WE: South American frogs of the Hyla rostrata group (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae). Zool.Mededel.Rijksmus.Nat.Hist.Leiden 47, 1972: 177-192.
  3. ^ A b Duellman, WE & JJ Wiens: The status of the hylid frog genus Ololygon and recognition of Scinax Wagler, 1830. Occas.Pap.Mus.Nat.Hist.Univ.Kansas 151, 1992: 1–23.
  4. ↑ a b c d Lima, LP, Bastos, RP & AA Giaretta: A new Scinax Wagler, 1830 of the S. rostratus group from central Brazil (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 62 (4), 2004: 505-512. ( PDF online  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / acd.ufrj.br  
  5. ↑ a b c Stuart, S .: Scinax constrictus . In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Accessed August 27, 2010. ( Link )

Web link