Sd.Kfz. 11
| Sd.Kfz. 11 | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Manufacturer: |
Hanomag , Hansa- Lloyd-Goliath ( Borgward ), Auto Union ( Horch ), Adlerwerke , Škoda |
| Production period: | 1937-1944 |
| Previous model: | see text |
| Successor: | ( IFA H3 - distant civilian successor) |
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The Sd.Kfz. 11 (Leichter Zugkraftwagen 3 t) was a German half-track vehicle that was developed as an artillery tractor from 1934 and was widely used by the Wehrmacht on all fronts during World War II . It belongs to the group of special motor vehicles . About 8,800 units had been built by 1944.
history
The Sd.Kfz. 11 goes back to 1934, when the Bremen Hansa-Lloyd-Goliath works (from 1938: Borgward ) started developing the HL kl 2 towing vehicle . The HL kl 3 (1936) and HL kl 5 (1937–1938) types finally led to the HL kl 6 in 1938 , which was built until 1944. From this version onwards, Maybach motors were used instead of the Hansa-Lloyd type L 3500 motors previously used.
On this basis, the Sd. Vehicle 11 was further developed as a light towing vehicle with a trailer load of three tons (le. Zgkw. 3 t) at Hanomag in Hanover, where series production started in 1938. Later this half-track vehicle was also manufactured by Adlerwerke (Frankfurt / M.), Auto Union ( Horch , Zwickau ) and Škoda ( Pilsen , Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia ). The production price of the tractor was RM 22,000 .
With its eight-man crew, the Sd. Vehicle 11 had a top speed of 53 km / h and had an action radius of 250 km (road, 140 km in the field), which was increased, especially in the desert war with its mandatory mobility, by additionally carrying fuel.
The chassis of the Sd.Kfz. 11 also formed the platform for the Sd.Kfz medium armored personnel carrier. 251 and its other varieties.
From 1947, the engines and transmissions of the Sd.Kfz. 11 in Zwickau near Horch (from mid-1948: VEB HORCH motor vehicle and engine works Zwickau ) built the H3 trucks .
commitment
The German designers were inspired by the experience of a French expedition to Asia, where half-track vehicles had demonstrated their special off-road capabilities . Thanks to extensive research in the 1920s and 1930s, the German Wehrmacht had a whole range of effective half-track tractors at the beginning of the Second World War .
The Sd. Vehicle 11 was used on all fronts almost exclusively by the artillery troops of the Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS as a light towing vehicle for the artillery and anti- tank guns of the tank destroyers during World War II . By using a box drive with its low ground pressure , the construction was ideally suited for all fronts and remained in use until the end of the war. In the motorized desert war with its extreme conditions, this type of vehicle was able to assert itself with its off-road mobility, robustness and reliability .
Type overview
- Sd.Kfz. 11 - Light towing vehicle 3 t
- Sd.Kfz. 11/1 - initially: Nebelkraftwagen, later: self-propelled gun for 2 cm Flak 38
- Sd.Kfz. 11/2 - medium detox truck
- Sd.Kfz. 11/3 - medium spray truck
- Sd.Kfz. 11/4 - Fog cars
- Sd.Kfz. 11/5 - medium gas detection vehicle, towing vehicle for smoke throwers
technology
| Type: | HL kl 3 | HL kl 5 | HL kl 6 |
| Construction year: | 1936 | 1937-1938 | 1938-1944 |
| Crew: | 2 men | = | = |
| Engine: | Hansa-Lloyd L3500, Otto engine , six-cylinder in - line engine |
= | Maybach NL38, later HL 42, gasoline engine, six-cylinder in-line engine |
| Power: | 70 hp | = | 90 or 100 hp |
| Top speed: | 53 km / h | = | = |
| Fuel supply: | 100 l | = | 110 l |
| Driving range: | Road approx. 275 km, terrain approx. 150 km | = | Road 240 km, terrain 140 km |
| Length: | 4.90 m | 5.50 m | 5.55 m |
| Width: | 1.73 m | 2 m | 2 m |
| Height: | 1.95 m | 2.215 m | 2.150 m |
| Weight: | 3.55 t | 5.45 t | 5.4 t |
| Ground clearance : | 35 cm | 32 cm | = |
| Gradeability : | 24 ° | = | = |
| Fording depth : | 50 cm | = | = |
| Transmission: | four forward and one reverse gear with off-road reduction |
= | = |
literature
- Walter J. Spielberger: Half-track vehicles of the German army 1909–1945 . Motorbuch Verlag, ISBN 3-87943-403-4
- Reinhard Frank: Wehrmacht traction vehicle . Dörfler Verlag, ISBN 3-89555-050-7
- Regulation D 660/1, light tractor 3t (Sd.Kfz.11), -l. 3t (Sd.Kfz.11) -, type: kl 6, device description and operating instructions for the chassis and body, 1938
- Regulation D 660/2, light towing vehicle 3t (Sd.Kfz.11) and variants, spare parts list for the chassis, 1943
- Wolfgang Fleischer, Richard Eiermann: The motorized artillery and tank artillery of the German army 1935-1945 . Podzun-Pallas Verlag, 2000, ISBN 3-7909-0721-9
Web links
- light towing vehicle 3 t (Sd.Kfz. 11) on fahrzeug-der-wehrmacht.de
- Sd.Kfz. 11 on panzer-modell.de
Individual evidence
- ^ Wolfgang Fleischer, Richard Eiermann: The motorized artillery and tank artillery of the German army 1935-1945 . P. 32
- ↑ See http://www.kfzderwehrmacht.de/Homepage_english/Motor_Vehicles/Germany/Hanomag/le__Zgkw__3t/Sd__Kfz__11-1_2cm_Flak_38_-SPG/sd__kfz__11-1_2cm_flak_38_-spg-.html