List of sailors
Seafarers are people, groups or peoples whose lives are mainly shaped by seafaring .
Well-known seafarers
Until 1400
- Kolaios of Samos , sailed in the 7th century BC BC for the first time beyond Gibraltar
- Himilkon , Carthaginian, explored around 480 BC. BC Britain
- Hanno , Carthaginian, researched around 470 BC The Central African coast
- Pytheas , Greek, drove between 330 BC. BC and 310 BC Until the Arctic Circle
- Erik the Red , Scandinavian, settled Greenland in 985
- Leif Eriksson , Nordmanne, around 1000 first discovery of America ("Vinland")
- Freydis Eriksdóttir , Icelander, around 1000
- Vadino and Ugolino de Vivaldo , Italians, the brothers tried in 1291 to be the first to sail around Africa and reach Malabar
15th century
- Zheng He , Chinese, explored Asia and Africa between 1405 and 1433
- João Gonçalves Zarco , Portuguese, “rediscoverer” of the Madeira Archipelago in 1418, he received Funchal
- Bartolomeu Perestrelo , Portuguese, "rediscoverer" of the Madeira Archipelago in 1418, he receives Porto Santo, his daughter marries Columbus
- Tristão Vaz Teixeira , Portuguese, "rediscoverer" of the Madeira archipelago in 1418, he received Machico
- Gil Eanes , Portuguese, was the first to sail beyond Cape Bojador , which is considered the end of the world, in 1434 and then returned
- Afonso Gonçalves Baldaia , Portuguese, sailed further south in 1436 on the coast of what is now the Western Sahara territory
- Dinis Dias , Portuguese, reached the westernmost point of continental Africa in 1444, the Cap Vert in what is now Senegal
- Alvise Cadamosto , Italian, explored the West African coast in 1455 and 1456 in the service of the Portuguese and discovered three of the Cape Verde islands
- Antoniotto Usodimare , Italian, companion of Cadamostos on his expeditions in 1455 and 1456
- Antonio da Noli , Italian, developed the Cape Verde Islands between 1458 and 1460
- Didrik Pining , German, possibly discoverer of America 1473
- João Corte-Real , Portuguese, traveled with Pining, possibly opened up the Newfoundland banks ("Terra Nova do Bacalao")
- Diogo de Azambuja , Portuguese, 1482–1484 the first Portuguese governor ( capitão-mór ), from Elmina (now in Ghana)
- Diogo Cão , Portuguese, explored the west coast of Africa to Walvis Bay between 1482 and 1489
- Bartolomeu Diaz , Portuguese, reached the Cape of Good Hope in 1487 and circled Africa
- Christopher Columbus , Italian, discovered the Caribbean islands in 1492 (and set foot on the American mainland on his fourth voyage in 1502)
- Giovanni Caboto , Italian, reached either Newfoundland in 1497 or the North American mainland as the first European after the Vikings
- João Fernandes Labrador , Portuguese, sailed the coast of the Labrador Peninsula, probably named after him, in 1498
- Vasco da Gama , Portuguese, circumnavigated Africa between 1497 and 1499 and reached India
- Vicente Yáñez Pinzón , Spaniard, discovered the mouth of the Amazon in 1499 and later explored the coasts of Central America
- Amerigo Vespucci , Italian, explored the east coast of South America from 1499
- Pedro Álvares Cabral , Portuguese, “discovered” Brazil in 1500 and headed for four continents in one trip: America, Africa, Asia, Europe
16th Century
- Afonso de Albuquerque , Portuguese, conquered and defended the eastern sea route to India for Portugal from 1503 to 1515
- Ferdinand Magellan , Portuguese, was the first to sail around the world in 1519, exploring the Pacific
- Juan Sebastián Elcano , Spaniard, was the first to circumnavigate the earth between 1519 and 1522 while continuing Magellan's expedition
- João Álvares Fagundes , Portuguese, explored the eastern coast of Canada in the 1520s
- Giovanni da Verrazzano , Italian, searched for the Northwest Passage near the Hudson River in 1524
- Jacques Cartier , French, explored the Gulf of Saint Lawrence in 1534 and the Saint Lawrence River in 1535
- Richard Chancellor , English, reached Dvina Bay in the White Sea in 1553 while searching for the Northeast Passage
- Sir Martin Frobisher , English, discovered Frobisher Bay, named after him, in 1576 while searching for the Northwest Passage
- Sir Francis Drake , Englishman, privateer and later explorer, first English circumnavigator between 1577 and 1580
- John Davis , English, explored the polar seas and coasts from 1585 and discovered the Falkland Islands
- Juan de Fuca , Greek, sailed the Pacific Ocean from Mexico to today's Canadian coast for the Spaniards in the 1590s
- Willem Barents , Dutch, explored the Northeast Passage in the Barents Sea named after him from 1594–1596
17th century
- Luiz Váez de Torres , origin unclear, explored the archipelagos of the South Seas and the southern coast of New Guinea in 1606
- Henry Hudson , English, explored the Northwest Passage several times between 1607 and 1611
- Jacob Le Maire , Dutch, circled and named Cape Horn in 1616 with Willem Cornelisz Schouten and discovered the Tonga Islands
- Abel Tasman , Dutch, discovered Tasmania and the South Island of New Zealand in 1642 and the Tonga and Fiji Islands in 1643
- Semyon Deshnev , Russian, was the first to cross the Bering Strait in 1648 and proved that Asia is not connected to America
- William Dampier , British privateer, naturalist and hydrographer, was the first to circumnavigate the world three times (between 1679 and 1711)
18th century
- Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier , French, Antarctic voyage in 1738, discovered Bouvet Island
- Vitus Bering , Dane, discovered the sea route from Kamchatka to Alaska in 1741–1742
- George Anson , British circumnavigator and admiral, mapped large areas of the Pacific from 1740–1744, e. B. the Mariana Islands
- Louis Antoine de Bougainville , 1766–1769 was the first French to circumnavigate the earth
- James Cook , English, went on three extensive expeditions around the world between 1768 and 1779
- John Paul Jones , Scot, fought in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783) and is considered the "father of the US Navy"
- Jean-François de La Pérouse , French, explored large parts of the Pacific from 1785–1788
19th century
- Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen , German-Balte, was the first to sight the Antarctic in 1820
- Friedrich Benjamin von Lütke , Russian explorer, explored the Pacific island world in the 1820s
- William Edward Parry , British, traveled large parts of the Northwest Passage between 1819 and 1827
- James Clark Ross , British, undertook numerous expeditions to the Arctic from 1818 to 1836 and trips to Antarctica from 1839 to 1843
- John Franklin , British, was a polar explorer who died in 1847 while looking for the Northwest Passage
- Robert John Le Mesurier McClure , British, discovered the Northwest Passage in 1850
- John Rae , Scotsman, explored Canadian territories between 1846 and 1854
- Francis Leopold McClintock , British, explored the Canadian Arctic island world in the 1850s
- Joshua Slocum , Canadian, was the first person to circumnavigate the earth alone between 1895 and 1898
From 1901
- Roald Amundsen , Norwegian, was the first to sail the Northwest Passage between 1903 and 1906
- Thor Heyerdahl , Norwegian, sailed from South America to Tahiti on the Kon-Tiki raft in 1947 and from Morocco to Barbados in 1970 on the Ra II papyrus boat
literature
- Josef Johannes Schmid : Sailors !. Maritime life pictures from antiquity to today . von Zabern, Darmstadt u. a. 2013, ISBN 978-3-8053-4455-5 .
Web links
Wiktionary: Seafarers - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations