Sea battle off Bornholm (1563)

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Sea battle off Bornholm
Depiction of the naval battles of the Three Crowns War (bottom left, the battle off Bornholm in May 1563)
Depiction of the naval battles of the Three Crowns War (bottom left, the battle off Bornholm in May 1563)
date May 30, 1563 Jul.
place off Rønne , Bornholm , southern Baltic Sea
output Swedish victory
consequences Danish declaration of war
Parties to the conflict

Naval Ensign of Sweden.svg Sweden

DenmarkDenmark (naval war flag) Denmark

Commander

Naval Ensign of Sweden.svg Jakob Bagge

DenmarkDenmark (naval war flag) Jakob Brockenhuus

Troop strength
Naval Ensign of Sweden.svg 16, 19 or 22 ships DenmarkDenmark (naval war flag) 7, 8, 9 or 10 (5 larger, 5 smaller) ships
losses

600 prisoners,
3 ships sunk,
3 ships captured

Commemorative medal for Bagge and the sea battle near Bornholm in 1563

The (first) sea ​​battle off Bornholm on May 30, 1563 marked the beginning of the seven-year Northern War ( three-crown war ) between Denmark-Norway and Sweden . A superior Swedish fleet under Admiral Jakob Bagge destroyed a Danish squadron lying off the island of Bornholm .

Originally had in the Swedish fleet Rostock should pick those negotiating delegation, on behalf of the Swedish King Erik XIV. For the hand of Christine of Hesse had advertised. The Danish warships off Bornholm, on the other hand, lay ready as guard ships against Swedish pirates .

Without a declaration of war, Bagge had the Danish guard ships attacked. Allegedly the Danish ships fired first or mistakenly shot a single cannon at Bagge's passing fleet during the salute . In the fire of the overwhelming Swedish forces, three Danish ships were sunk (or badly damaged) and three more were captured. The Danish admiral Jakob (Jacob) Brockenhuus (Joachim Brockenhusen) and the Danish Reichsmarschall Otto Krumpe (Otte Krumpen) were captured by Sweden along with 600 men. Was celebrated during Bagge on his return to Sweden and awarded by King Erik, the Danish king assured Frederick II. The backing of Lübeck and Poland-Lithuania and answered in June 1563 with a formal declaration of war on Sweden.

In the course of the war there was to be another sea battle in 1565 on Bornholm (the island that was pledged to Lübeck at the time).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b January Glete: Swedish Naval Administration 1521-1721 - Resource Flows and Organizational Capabilities , page 148. Brill, Leiden 2009
  2. ↑ a b Ulla Ehrensvärd, Pellervo Kokkonen, Juha Nurminen: The Baltic Sea - 2000 Years of Seafaring, Trade and Culture , page 98. National Geographic, Hamburg 2010
  3. ^ A b Danish Naval History: Søværnets mærkedage - 1500-tallet
  4. ↑ a b c d August Benedict Michaelis: Introduction to a full (l) permanent history of the electoral and princely houses in Germany , Volume 2, page 509. Meyer, Lemgo 1760
  5. ↑ a b c d e J.G. Gruber (Ed.): General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts , Volume 1 (First Section), page 305.Brockhaus, Leipzig 1849
  6. ^ A b c Leopold Freiherr von Zedlitz-Neukirch: New Prussian Adels Lexicon or genealogical and diplomatic news , fifth volume (supplement volume), page 21. Reichenbach, Leipzig 1839
  7. ^ A b Robert Bohn : Danish History , page 65. CH Beck, Munich 2001

See also