Self and comrade help
In Germany , Austria and Switzerland, self- and comrade help refers to the basic ability to carry out first aid measures in combat by soldiers who are not part of the medical personnel , as well as the associated training. It is part of the Tactical Combat Casualty Care .
armed forces
To optimize the chain of survival all the soldiers of today Bundeswehr to Einsatzersthelfer A trained. The training includes knowledge of immediate life-saving measures and first aid, including cardiopulmonary resuscitation , taking into account the specifics of the battle.
To enable them to help, all soldiers are equipped with so-called personal medical equipment ( bandages - see also first aid kit ). This is part of the equipment layers and consists of two bandage packs, two triangular cloths folded into a tie, a large burn wound bandage pack with a burn cloth - for initial treatment of a burn and also for packing a deep wound - as well as a rescue blanket - also for the care of burns and for the care of Hypothermia after a gunshot wound - as well as disposable gloves , additional ventilation foil , tourniquet ligation system, double amputate bag, fixation plaster and waterproof felt pen (touch-up pen) as well as a head lamp with blue and white light for care in the dark - a blue glow stick can be used to mark a wounded person at night. An aluminum upholstery splint with a Velcro bandage can be added to personal equipment , as gunshot wounds to the extremities are often associated with gunshot fractures.
A nasopharyngeal tube (through the nose) such as the Wendl tube is used for first aid on the battlefield to safeguard breathing . The Wendl tube is used to keep the airways free by preventing the pharynx from being obstructed by the recessed base of the tongue in the consciously impaired patient. However, it does not prevent aspiration - if possible, lay the injured person in a stable position on their side if possible.
A personal wounded card carried by the soldier (see also injured person attachment card ) with a body diagram on the front and back as well as preprinted personal information such as personal identification number, blood group and incompatibilities can be used to quickly document a wound on the battlefield and facilitate further treatment by the medical service.
The principle of self and comrade help is always to use the equipment of the wounded man first, as the helping soldier can be dependent on his personal medical equipment at a later point in time. The way of carrying is therefore uniformly ordered in the left leg pocket for all soldiers. Alternatively, the equipment can be carried in a pocket marked with a green cross on the carrying frame on the left. It can make sense to divide the group's medical bag among all soldiers in a group so that they do not drop out with a soldier or they remain on the combat transport vehicle. Self and comrade help must always be carried out under self-assurance, especially under the conditions of a battle. It is also essential to secure the wounded person from ammunition and ordnance - these can be unlocked hand grenades and explosives, in particular an explosives vest for irregular enemy forces.
A supplementary, advanced training takes place as a first aid worker B , u. a. also for placing an infusion to maintain blood circulation and for initial surgical treatment of a tension pneumothorax . In a second function, this leads the medical equipment group and other supplementary equipment, including a. a rag and colloidal infusion solution . If possible, this further care takes place in the wounded’s nest , from which the medical service takes over the wounded. As far as possible, this is done in particular during operations by a MedEvac .
In the special forces of the German Armed Forces, these training courses take place with expanded content to become a Combat First Responder , previously in the Combat Medical Course at the former International Telecommunications School .
Training in the Bundeswehr is based on the medical guidelines of the aid organizations . The most important principle and difference to civil first aid is self-protection under assessment of the need for help.
Swiss Army
The principles of self and comrade help in the Swiss Army are laid down in regulation 59.005 d “Self and comrade help” .
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Bundeswehr: Central Service Regulations ZDv 49/20 Medical training of all troops
- ↑ Regulations 59.005 d "Self and comrade help"