Self-propelled work machine
Self-propelled work machines (sfAM) are motor vehicles "which, according to their design and their special equipment firmly connected to the vehicle, are intended and suitable for carrying out work, but not for the transport of people or goods." ( Section 2 No. 17 FZV ) .
Registration and insurance law in Germany
Self-propelled work machines are license-free according to § 3 Paragraph 2 No. 1a FZV and accordingly i. S. d. § 3 No. 1 KraftStG exempted from vehicle tax. All self-propelled machines with a design-related maximum speed (bbH) of up to 20 km / h must have a valid operating or individual operating permit in order to be allowed to be put into operation. If there is a bbH of more than 20 km / h, an official registration number from the local licensing authority must also be applied for. In these cases, the tax exemption gives a green label (§§ 4 Paragraph 2 No. 1, 9 Paragraph 2 FZV). At a maximum speed of 20 km / h, the owner of the vehicle must put his full name and place of residence or the company address permanently and clearly legible on at least the left side of the vehicle in order to enable possible liability issues in the event of damage (Section 4, Paragraph 4 FZV).
A registration certificate Part 1 is issued for self-propelled work machines with license plates , which must be kept with you at all times when the vehicle is in operation and handed over on request. For machines up to 20 km / h BBH, it is sufficient to carry the certificate of conformity or individual approval. If self-propelled machines are used for purposes other than their intended purpose and, for example, used for goods transport, the tax exemption does not apply. This can be punished as tax evasion .
For a self-propelled work machine with a top speed of more than 20 km / h, its owner must take out a motor vehicle liability insurance before it is used on public roads or places. If the design-related maximum speed is a maximum of 20 km / h, there is no compulsory insurance. In these cases, claims are the liability insurance cover and private liability insurance.
Self-propelled machines have been mentioned in the Road Traffic Licensing Regulations since 1937 . Over the years, well over 80 self-propelled machines have been recognized by the Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure . If the dimensions and weights specified in Sections 32 and 34 StVZO are exceeded, an exemption according to Section 70 StVZO is required for the use of self-propelled machines on public roads . In addition, the use of self-propelled machines on public roads that do not correspond to the dimensions or weights standardized in the StVZO requires a permit ( Section 29 (3 ) StVO ). For self-propelled work machines, special provisions apply insofar as the regulations on driving time restrictions for certain roads do not apply if a total weight of 54 t is not exceeded (cf. Rn. 147 of the VwV-StVO on § 29 StVO).
Classic self-propelled machines are excavators , wheel loaders , truck cranes , harvesters , combine harvesters , rail cleaning vehicles , snow plows , road rollers , broadcast vehicles , calibration vehicles and the like. a.
Driving license law
Working machines with a design-related maximum speed (bbH) of a maximum of 6 km / h do not require a driving license. For self-propelled machines up to 25 km / h bbH, the L driving license is sufficient , up to a bbH of 40 km / h the T driving license is allowed. In addition, applies up to 3500 kg maximum authorized mass of the driving license class B, up to 7500 kg, the class C1 and for all heavier machines, the class C is required.
Forklift
The above regulations must be applied accordingly to forklift trucks (which are intended and suitable for picking up, lifting, moving and positioning loads; in accordance with Section 2 No. 18 FZV).
Situation in Austria
According to Section 93 of the Motor Vehicle Act and mentions in other paragraphs, numerous special provisions apply to self-propelled work machines and trailer work machines .
Situation in Switzerland
Self-propelled work machines are called work vehicles in Switzerland and have a blue license plate.
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- ↑ § 2 Paragraph 1 No. 6 PflVG as an exception to the compulsory insurance according to § 1
- ↑ See DA on Section 18 (2) StVZO.
- ↑ § 4 Paragraph 1 No. 3 Driving License Ordinance (FeV)
- ↑ KFG 1967 ris.bka.gv.at, accessed October 31, 2019.
- ↑ http://www.iten-online.ch/kennzeichen/Schweiz/schweiz.htm
