Servian wall
The Servian Wall is the Roman city wall, remains of which can still be seen in many places. Its establishment is attributed to the Roman king Servius Tullius (ruled 578-534 BC). Under Tarquinius Superbus , the successor to Servius Tullius, the Servian Wall is said to have been strengthened again and especially in the area of the Agger Tarquinii .
The remains that exist today, however, only date from the 4th century BC. According to Titus Livius , the censors issued in 387 BC After the city had been captured by the Celts a few years earlier as a result of the battle of the Allia . However, since this wall follows an older wall that can be proven several times and has the same construction method, its name may be justified. Tufa of the stable type "Grotta Oscura" was used as building material , which was available to the Romans since the conquest and destruction of the Etruscan city of Veji, which lies upstream from the Tiber . The wall reached a height of ten meters and was up to four meters thick, with a length of eleven kilometers around all seven hills of the city. The best preserved section of the wall is at the Roma Termini train station on the Esquiline .
The establishment of the pomerium is also attributed to Servius Tullius, the dividing line that separates the city of Rome from the land that belongs to Rome (Livy already attributes this to Romulus). This boundary does not follow the line given by the Servian Walls, so that it is assumed that it actually has nothing to do with it.
List of goals
- Porta Flumentana - through which the Via Aurelia led to Rome after it had crossed the Tiber
- Porta Carmentalis
- Porta Fontinalis - led to Via Flaminia
- Porta Sanqualis
- Porta Salutaris
- Porta Quirinalis
- Porta Collina - the northernmost gate; led to Via Salaria
- Porta Viminalis - (still existing)
- Porta Esquilina - led to Via Labicana , Via Praenestina and Via Tiburtina (still existing)
- Porta Querquetulana - led to Via Tusculana
- Porta Caelimontana (still existing)
- Porta Capena - led to the Via Appia and Via Latina
- Porta Naevia - on the Aventine , led to Via Ardeatina
- Porta Raudusculana - in the eastern area of the Aventine
- Porta Lavernalis
- Porta Trigemina - near the Forum Boarium , led to Via Ostiensis
See also
literature
- Filippo Coarelli : Rome. An archaeological guide. Verlag von Zabern, Mainz 2000, ISBN 3-8053-2685-8 , pp. 20-25.
Web links
Remarks
- ↑ This representation of the Annalists is rejected in the more recent historiography with good reasons and the building of the Servian wall is seen in connection with the Celtic invasion. As an argument for this point in time cf. Andreas Alföldi: Early Rome and the Latins . Translated from English by Frank Kolb. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1977, pp. 284–286
- ↑ Livius 6, 32 .