Via Flaminia
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The Via Flaminia is a road that has linked Rome with the Adriatic coast since ancient times . It was founded in 220 BC. BC and originally led to Ariminum ( Rimini ). In its history, the route changed several times. Today it is classified as Strada Statale 3 Via Flaminia and ends in Fano .
history
It was commissioned by the censor Gaius Flaminius in 220 BC. And renovated several times during the imperial era . Augustus , who assigned the streets of Italy to individual senators , reserved the Via Flaminia for himself and left all bridges with the exception of the Milvian Bridge (Pons Mulvius), with which it crosses the Tiber three kilometers north of Rome (and that of the elder Marcus Aemilius Scaurus dating from 109 BC) and an unknown Pons Minucius , renew. Arches of honor were erected in his honor on the first bridge and in Ariminum, where the Arch of Augustus has been preserved to this day. Vespasian had a new tunnel built through the Intercisa pass ( Furlo ) in 77 and Trajan, as inscriptions show, renovated some bridges along the road.
In the Middle Ages , Via Flaminia was known as Ravenna Street , as it led to the now more important city of Ravenna , but fell out of use with the end of the Exarchate of Ravenna and during the heyday of Lombardy , was then restored in the Renaissance and remained until the Napoleon's era of military importance.
In 1946, near the intersection of Via Flaminia and Via Salaria Gallica, hundreds of small bronze pieces were found that have been restored and have become known as the Golden Bronzes by Cartoceto di Pergola .
route
The Via Flaminia originally began at the Porta Fontinalis in the Servian Wall . However, mileage began at the Milliarium Aureum . Today the kilometers are counted from Piazza Venezia . The road ran straight through the Field of Mars to the Milvian Bridge . From the construction of the Aurelian Wall until 275 AD, the Via Flaminia left the city through the Porta Flaminia, which later became the Porta del Popolo . The part of the street within the city wall was named Via Lata ( Broad Street ) in the Middle Ages . Today this section is called Via del Corso .
The Via Flaminia ran through the territory of the Falisker , who had been subjugated shortly before its construction , without touching their destroyed capital, Falerii . After the 10th century AD, however, it was diverted to the Civita Castellana, which was built on the site of Falerii Veteres . At the height of today's Gallese , she crossed the Tiber with another bridge . This bridge, probably the Pons Minucius , is no longer preserved. It was not until the 16th century that Pope Sixtus V had a new bridge built further south near Borghetto, the Ponte Felice , over which the Via Flaminia still leads today.
Across the Tiber it leads through Otricoli (Ocriculi) and Narni (Narnia). Here she crossed the river Nera with the help of a magnificent four-arched bridge, the so-called Ponte d'Augusto , which is mentioned in Martial (Epigr. Vii. 93, 8) and of which one arch has survived. She continues along the modern road to San Gemini with two well-preserved old bridges, to Carsulae and Mevania ( Bevagna ) to Forum Flaminii. Later another route was chosen from Narnia to Forum Flaminii, which goes through Interamna ( Terni ), Spoletium ( Spoleto ) and Fulginium ( Foligno ) and from which there is a junction to Perusia ( Perugia ) - a route that ends at around 21 Kilometers extended. The road now led to Nuceria ( Nocera Umbra ), where a junction went to Septempeda and then to either Ancona or Tolentinum ( Tolentino ) and Urbs Salvia ( Urbisaglia ), and Helvillum, then crosses the main ridge of the Apennines , where a Temple of Jupiter Apenninus stood at the top of the pass. Then the road went down to Cales ( Cagli ), turned northeast, and led over the Intercisa pass to Forum Sempronii ( Fossombrone ) and Fanum Fortunae ( Fano ), where it reached the Adriatic coast . From here it ran northwards via Pisaurum ( Pesaro ) to Ariminum ( Rimini ).
The length of the Via Flaminia is 283 kilometers. In ancient times it counted 315 kilometers (213 Roman miles) on the older and 328 kilometers (222 miles) on the younger route. From the 2nd century onwards, the street gave its name to an Italian administrative district, the former area of the Senones , which initially belonged to Umbria (with which it formed the 6th region of Italy under Augustus), and was then added to Picenum under Constantine I.
See also
literature
- Gerhard Binder : From Rome to Rimini. A journey on the Via Flaminia. von Zabern, Mainz 2008, ISBN 978-3-8053-3823-3 ( special editions of the ancient world , Zabern's illustrated books on archeology ).
- Filippo Coarelli : Rome. An archaeological guide. von Zabern, Main 2000, ISBN 3-8053-2685-8 .
- Arnold Esch : Roman roads in their landscape. The afterlife of ancient streets around Rome. von Zabern, Mainz 1997, ISBN 3-8053-2010-8 ( special issues of the ancient world. Zabern's illustrated books on archeology ).
