Barbuda Warbler
| Barbuda Warbler | ||||||||||||
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Barbuda Warbler ( Setophaga subita ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Setophaga subita | ||||||||||||
| ( Riley , 1904) |
The Barbuda wood warbler ( Setophaga subita ) is a little researched songbird species from the wood warbler family (Parulidae). He is on the island of Barbuda in the Lesser Antilles endemic .
features
The Barbuda warbler reaches a body length of 12 to 13.5 cm and a weight of 5.3 to 8 g. The skull, neck, sides of the neck, and the top are gray with a brownish tinge. A short yellow stripe above the eye that barely protrudes outside the eye is a little lighter above the eye. The reins are dark. Below the eyes the face shows a crescent-shaped bright yellow drawing. The upper wings are a little darker than the upper side. The large and medium elytra have dirty white tips and two light wing bands. The outer three tail feathers are largely white. The underside is yellow towards the upper abdomen and becomes white towards the middle of the abdomen and the under tail coverts. The iris is dark. The beak is blackish. The legs are gray flesh-colored. The Barbuba wood warbler differs from the closely related Antilles warbler ( Setophaga adelaidae ) by its generally blunt appearance with the brownish-gray upper side, the somewhat blunt yellowish underside and the lack of the black border above the stripe above the eye. The sexes look the same. The juvenile birds are apparently undescribed, presumably they resemble the young birds of the Antilles wood warbler.
Systematics
The barbuda wood warbler was described as Dendroica subita by Joseph Harvey Riley in 1904 . However, a study published in 2010 concluded that the species that were originally in the genus Dendroica belong to the genus Setophaga . Dendroica is therefore considered a synonym for Setophaga , since the two genera do not differ genetically from one another. Setophaga also has priority, since this genus was established by William John Swainson in 1827 and Dendroica in 1842 by George Robert Gray .
The Barbuda wood warbler and the Saint Lucia wood warbler ( Setophaga delicata ) were considered subspecies of the Antilles wood warbler for a long time. However, a study published in 1998 came to the conclusion that the degree of genetic differentiation is so high that a species status can be supported.
Vocalizations
The singing is similar to that of the Antilles forest singer, but is more melodic. Obviously, the call resembles that of the Antilles wood warbler.
Habitat and way of life
The Barbuda warbler inhabits dry forest in the lowlands, forest edges and bushland. Its diet consists mainly of insects. No more is known about his way of life.
status
The Barbuda forest warbler was placed on the IUCN (near threatened) warning list in 2002. The population is estimated at 1,000 to 2,500 specimens, although the species is estimated to be moderately common in the west of Barbuda and rare in the east of the island. The population has decreased, but there is no evidence that it is currently in decline. The low population and range suggest that any loss or degradation of their habitat would have potentially serious adverse effects on the survival of the species. The main threat comes from the loss of dry forest and uncontrolled grazing. Hurricane Irma , which almost completely devastated the vegetation on Barbuda in early September 2017, posed a further threat . While no specimen of the Barbuda forest warbler was found during a search by the organization Birds Caribbean on September 15, another search on September 22, 2017 was successful.
literature
- Curson, J. (2017). Barbuda Warbler (Setophaga subita). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, DA & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (accessed from HBW Alive on September 22, 2017).
Web links
- Setophaga subita inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017.2. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2016. Retrieved September 22, 2017.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Irby J. Lovette, Jorge L. Pérez-Emán, John P. Sullivan, Richard C. Banks, Isabella Fiorentino, Sergio Córdoba-Córdoba, María Echeverry-Galvis, F. Keith Barker, Kevin J. Burns, John Klicka, Scott M. Lanyon, Eldredge Bermingham: A comprehensive multilocus phylogeny for the wood-warblers and a revised classification of the Parulidae (Aves) Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Volume 57, Issue 2, November 2010, pp. 753-770
- ^ IJ Lovette, E. Bermingham, G. Seutin, RE Ricklefs: Evolutionary differentiation in three endemic West Indian warblers. Auk 115, 1998: 890-903.
- ↑ BirdsCaribbean Hurricane Relief Fund
- ↑ Birds Caribbean: Good News! Conservationists Excited to Find Surviving Barbuda Warblers on Devastated Island