Shar-Pei

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Shar-Pei
Shar-Pei
FCI Standard No. 309
2.1 Great Dane dogs
Origin :

China

Patronage :

FCI

Withers height:

44-51 cm (17.5-20  inches )

List of domestic dogs

The Shar-Pei ( Chinese  沙皮狗 , Pinyin shāpí gǒu , Jyutping saa 1 pei 4 gau 2 , Cantonese  sa 1 pei 4 gau 2 ) is a dog breed from China recognized by the FCI ( FCI Group 2, Section 2.1, Standard No. . 309 ). The FCI is responsible for and develops the breed standard . In the 1970s, the Shar-Pei was considered the rarest dog breed in the world and was threatened with extinction. Today the stocks have recovered.

Origin and history

The Shar-Pei is an ancient Chinese breed of dog whose origins go back around 2000 years. It was used as a fighting dog until the 19th century . Historical Chinese stories also describe the Shar-Pei as a hunting dog, which was used in rural areas as a guard dog, herding dog and to drive away wild animals to protect arable land.

In the western world, the Shar-Pei was first mentioned in an American magazine in May 1971, where a photo of the supposedly last living Shar-Pei was shown. Plans to save the dog breed were first published in a journal in April 1973. Through the work of the Hong Kong breeder Matgo Law , Shar-Peis came to the United States before Hong Kong gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1997 and the export of Chinese dogs as a luxury item was banned. As early as 1991, at least 70,000 Shar-Pei were registered in the USA. The Shar-Pei has been a breed of dog recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC) since January 1, 1992 . The first Shar-Peis in the USA were mostly not pure-bred, but often mixed breeds. Breeding the original Shar-Pei thus became the goal of the breeders; what is considered a characteristic of the original Shar-Pai was discussed and determined in the late 1980s.

According to 2010 published genetic analyzes of the single nucleotide polymorphisms of 912 dogs and 225 wolves , Shar-Peis are among the dogs that have found strong evidence of subsequent interbreeding with wolves in their history. With the Shar-Pei (as with the Dingo , the Chow Chow and Akita ) indications of a mixture with Chinese wolves were found. At the same time, Shar-Peis belong to the group of dogs which are very strongly genetically demarcated from most of the other examined breeds and are called ancient breeds (in the original " ancient breeds "). Within these dogs, Shar-Peis belong to the so-called Asian group , along with the New Guinea Dingo , the Chow Chow, the Dingo and the Akita .

Description of the build

The Shar-Pei is a medium-sized dog with a compact build and reaches a height at the withers of 44 cm to 51 cm. His body mass is between 20.4 kg and 27.2 kg. The legs are strong and the feet are placed close together and not stretched out. The tail is carried rolled up. The hair is short and rough (Horsecoat) or soft and approx. 3 cm long (Brushcoat) or shaggy (Bearcoat). The coloring is uniform, not white and not spotted or spotted. The neck is medium in length and strong. The head is well proportioned and slightly larger in relation to the rest of the body. It is characterized by strong folds of skin that reach down to the shoulders on the neck. The eyes are large, but deeply embedded and set back in the folds, the ears are small and triangular in shape with the tip pointing towards the respective eye. The tongue is bluish-black or lavender-like in color.

Bonemouth Shar Pei

  • "Bearcoat" -Shar-Pei

  • Shar-Pei with "Brushcoat" fur type

Essence

Shar-Pei are vigilant, clever, level-headed, dominant, at times majestic and are reserved towards strangers. Shar-Pei show devotion to the owner family.

maintenance

The Shar-Pei does not need any special care, it is very easy to care for due to its short hair. Today, breeding strives to avoid excessive wrinkling in the adult dog. The pronounced folds of the puppies disappear in the course of development and only remain in the shoulder and head area. However, pronounced wrinkles require constant monitoring. Due to their shape, the ears often require more intensive care.

Diseases typical of the breed

Shar-Pei are prone to respiratory sinus arrhythmia and immune deficiencies, especially respiratory diseases.

Too much wrinkling affects the eyes and strains the circulation as well as the bone and joint system. Lymphatic malfunctions can also be provoked.

In Shar-Pei, reduced red blood cells ( microcytosis ) are physiological.

In addition, the Shar-Pei are racially predisposed to a number of skin diseases, including cutaneous mucinosis , ear infections, atopic dermatitis , demodicosis , malassezia dermatitis , intertrigo, and folliculitis . Feed allergies are also available .

In Shar-Pei there is a hereditary and familial form of amyloidosis in which the kidneys are primarily affected. Associated with amyloidosis, also known as an identical disease, is Shar-Pei fever (English: Familial Shar Pei Fever , FSF). It is believed that 23% of all Shar-Peis are affected by this autoimmune disease, which is associated with flare-ups of high fever and joint inflammation.

literature

  • Tanya B. Ditto: Shar-Pei: everything about purchase, care, nutrition, behavior, and training . Barron's Educational Series, 2006, ISBN 0-7641-2849-3 .
  • Ross D. Clark: Medical, Genetic & Behavioral Risk Factors of the Chinese Shar Pei . Xlibris Corporation, 2014, ISBN 978-1-4990-5361-6 .

Web links

Commons : Shar-Pei  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b T. B. Ditto: Shar-Pei. 2006, p. 6.
  2. ^ TB Ditto: Shar-Pei. 2006, p. 7.
  3. ^ TB Ditto: Shar-Pei. 2006, p. 5.
  4. ^ TB Ditto: Shar-Pei. 2006, p. 8.
  5. ↑ Bridgett M. Vonholdt include: Genome-wide SNP and haplotype analyzes reveal a rich history underlying domestication dog . In: Nature . tape 464 , April 8, 2010, p. 898-902 ( nature.com [accessed May 12, 2010]).
  6. ^ TB Ditto: Shar-Pei. 2006, p. 9.
  7. ↑ a b T. B. Ditto: Shar-Pei. 2006, p. 10.
  8. ↑ R. Mitschke: Interpretation of changes in the blood smear - 2. Erythrocytes and thrombocytes. In: Fachpraxis. 49, 2006, pp. 14-20.
  9. ^ Chiara Noli, Fabia Scarampella, Stefano Toma: Practical dermatology in dogs and cats: Clinic - Diagnosis - Therapy. Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Hanover 2014, ISBN 978-3-89993-673-5 , p. 16.
  10. ↑ Wolfgang Baumgärtner, Achim Dieter Gruber: General pathology for veterinary medicine. Enke, Stuttgart 2015, ISBN 978-3-8304-1285-4 , pp. 94-97.
  11. ↑ Michael J. Day: Atlas of clinical immunology in dogs and cats. Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Hanover 2005, ISBN 3-87706-630-5 , p. 137.
  12. ↑ Karen A Moriello, Alison Diesel: Small Animal Dermatology, Advanced Cases: Self-Assessment Color Review. CRC Press, Boca Raton 2013, ISBN 978-1-84076-197-9 , p. 64.