Siberian Germans

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The term Siberian Germans describes Germans who voluntarily settled in Siberia .

19th century

In the 18th century, German soldiers first served the Russian tsars in Siberia . The soldiers were stationed at various types of garrison.

Germans settled in Siberia in the 19th century. In addition to the rural population, German craftsmen, traders, entrepreneurs, pharmacists etc. settled in the larger towns, especially under Prime Minister Pjotr ​​Arkadjewitsch Stolypin (1862–1911), German subsidiary colonies were founded in Siberia and Kazakhstan (" Stolypindeutsche ").

20th century

One focus of the settlement movement was in the Omsk region . As a result of the land grabbing by German farmers, the number of Siberian Germans rose to around 70,000 by 1920.

In contrast to other Russian-German groups, Siberian Germans were not deported during World War II . In the wake of the war there was a mixture with other Russian Germans; this applies e.g. B. towards the Russian-German population in the Omsk Oblast . More than 100,000 Russian Germans currently live there . A large population of Russian Germans developed in the Barnaul area in the Altai region . Barnaul in particular was considered one of the centers of the Gulag in Siberia, which concentratedly imprisoned Russian-German war refugees. This large group of prisoners, regardless of age, who were considered to be collaborators with the German losers in the war, since they fled to Germany in the course of the purge by Stalin during the war, are also considered Siberian Germans, only their origin orientation arose from a violent background. Along with the great wave of emigration since the late 1980s, a significant part of the Siberian Germans has moved to the Federal Republic. Prominent Siberian Germans living in Germany are Julia Neigel , the child of a Russian-German family that was once dragged away from the war, and the pop singer Helene Fischer .

See also

literature

  • Brandes, Detlef / Savin, Andrej, The Siberian Germans in the Soviet State 1919-1938, Essen 2001 (Publications on Culture and History in Eastern Europe, Vol. 19).

Web links