Silicon tetrahalides

Compounds of the SiX ₄ type are designated as silicon tetrahalides (also tetrahalosilanes ) , where X stands for one of the halogens fluorine , chlorine , bromine or iodine . They are derivatives of monosilane , with all hydrogen atoms being replaced by halogens.

With all stable halides there are the pure tetrahalosilanes (silicon tetrahalides)

• Tetrafluorosilane SiF ₄ ,
• Tetrachlorosilane SiCl ₄ ,
• Tetrabromosilane SiBr ₄ ,
• Tetraiodosilane SiI ₄ .

Under normal conditions, SiF _{4 is present} as a gas, while the chlorine and bromine compounds are liquids. The iodide, on the other hand, is a solid. All four compounds are colorless.

Furthermore, mixed tetrahalosilanes are known, such as. B.

• Chlorotrifluorosilane SiClF ₃
• Dichlorodifluorosilane SiCl ₂ F ₂
• Trichlorofluorosilane SiCl ₃ F

In contrast to their carbon analogues, the halogenated hydrocarbons of the CX ₄ type , such as carbon tetrachloride , tetrahalosilanes are highly reactive compounds.

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b c} Wiberg, Egon., Wiberg, Nils ,: Textbook of inorganic chemistry . 102nd, heavily reworked and verb. Ed. De Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1 ( OCLC 180963521 ).