Simon stump

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Simon Stumpf (* in Bödigheim ; † in the 16th century), as pastor of Höngg, was the driving force behind the Zurich Reformation . He was very close to the Anabaptist movement . Whether he was an Baptist, however, cannot be clearly proven with the available sources.

Life

Zwingli's companion

Little is known about Simon Stumpf's origins and youth. He came from Bönigheim ( Franconia ) and is said to have been a monk earlier. As a supporter of the Reformation, he spread Lutheran ideas in Switzerland early on . From Basel he entered into correspondence with Zwingli by 1519 at the latest and was one of his early and eager colleagues. Like Wilhelm Reublin , he left Basel and became a priest in Höngg (1520). Together with Konrad Grebel and other later Anabaptists , he took part in the readings of the Castelberg reading group. In the summer of 1522 he was one of the co-signers of Zwingli's petition ( supplicatio ) to the Bishop of Constance , which demanded the abolition of celibacy .

Refusal to tithe and iconoclasm

In the fall of the same year, Stumpf publicly called for tithing . The Wettingen monastery , to which the Höngger had a tithing, took Stumpf to court and accused him of anti-clerical behavior. The Zurich council ended up behind the pastor von Höngg. Stumpf renounced his benefice , but continued to work as a preacher in Höngg. The demand for the abolition of tithe was taken up in other villages in the Zurich countryside ( Zollikon , Witikon, etc.). The council, and with it Zwingli, opposed these demands. Stumpf intervened with Zwingli and urged him to be more radical. Before Zwingli had spoken out against the veneration of images, Stumpf took action in Höngg. In September 1523 the first iconoclasm took place in the parish church .

Participation in the disputation and guidance

At the second Zurich disputation he appeared together with Manz and Grebel and called for the fair to be abolished. Zwingli vehemently contradicted this when he gave the council a certain power to decide on religious questions. After the disputation was over, the council ordered Stumpf's removal from Höngg. Blunt refuses to move for the time being and has continued to receive support from parishioners. At the end of 1523 he was finally evicted from Zurich territory.

After being evicted from Zurich, Stumpf first went to Weiningen , where he celebrated a double wedding with the local pastor Georg Stäheli . Unlike Stäheli, he could not avoid being arrested by the Baden governor. According to the report of the daily statutes, the "runaway monk from Swabia" was whipped out of the country with rods. Stumpf can later be found in Basel, from where he tried in vain to reconcile with Zwingli.

It is not known whether Stump accepted the baptism of the faithful . For the time being he had neglected to baptize his son. In 1525 he made a request to the Zurich council to reverse his deportation. That was not complied with. In 1527 his name appears again in the Zurich court records. After serving in prison, he was expelled again on pain of death. It is uncertain where he went. Stumpf later stayed in Ulm , where he is said to have distanced himself from Lutheran teaching.

literature

  • Peter Kamber: Reformation as a peasant revolution. Iconoclasm, convent occupations and the fight against serfdom in Zurich at the time of the Reformation (1522–1525). Zurich 2010.
  • James M. Stayer: The Beginnings of Swiss Anabaptism in Reformed Congregationalism. In: Hans-Jürgen Goertz (ed.): Controversial Anabaptists 1525–1975. Göttingen 1977.
  • JFG Goeters: The Prehistory of Anabaptism in Zurich. In: Studies on the history and theology of the Reformation. Neukirchen-Vluyn 1969.
  • Robert Hoppeler: On the characteristics of the people priest Simon Stumpf von Höngg. In: Zwingliana. Volume 4, No. 11, 1926, pp. 321-329. pdf
  • Ludwig Wirz: Helvetic Church History. Volume 5, Zurich 1819. online

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Reformation can only succeed if all priests are beaten to death . Leonhard von Muralt, Walter Schmid, (eds.) Sources on the history of the Anabaptists in Switzerland , Volume 1: Zurich . Zurich 1952, p. 121.
  2. ^ Lee Palmer Wandel: Iconoclast in Zurich . In: Scribner (ed.): Images and iconoclasm in the late Middle Ages and in the early modern period . Wiesbaden 1990, pp. 125-142.
  3. ↑ Quoted in Goeters (1969), pp. 275f.
  4. ↑ Wirz 1819.
personal data
SURNAME Blunt, Simon
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss reformer
DATE OF BIRTH 15th century or 16th century
PLACE OF BIRTH Bödigheim
DATE OF DEATH 16th Century