Höngg

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Coat of arms of Höngg
Coat of arms of Zurich
Höngg
quarter of Zurich
Map of Höngg
Coordinates 680.07 thousand  /  250670 coordinates: 47 ° 24 '7 "  N , 8 ° 29' 58"  O ; CH1903:  six hundred and eighty thousand and seventy  /  250670
height Ø 457  m
surface 6.98 km²
Residents 24'020 ( Template: FormatDate : No valid ISO date!Template: FormatDate / Maintenance / Error )
Population density 3441 inhabitants / km²
BFS no. 261-101
Post Code 8049
Urban district District 10 since 1934

Höngg , pronounced with a long ö in the older local dialect of Zurich German [høːŋk] , is a district of the city of Zurich . It is above the Limmat on the slope of beetle Bergs / Waidbergs and together with Wipkingen the circuit 10 . Thanks to its south-facing slope with a view over the city center, Lake Zurich and Limmat Valley , Höngg is a popular residential area.

coat of arms

Blazon

In red on green ground a green vine with three blue grapes, which twines around a golden stickel, in the shield head accompanied on the left by a silver paw cross, on the right by a silver vine knife with a golden handle

Gerold Edlibach shows in his Zurich Chronicle (around 1490, p. 420) a Höngger coat of arms on which the church patron Saint Mauritius can be seen with armor, shield and banner. After the Reformation , this coat of arms was replaced by a representation of a vine.

population

The population of the village of Höngg grew from 629 in 1634 to 3,085 in 1900. In 2000, the Höngg district had 20,423 inhabitants.

history

Iron Age burial mound Heizenholz
Aerial photo from a height of 300 m by Walter Mittelholzer (1931)

Early evidence of the place name are Hoinga (820), in Hohinco (852/858), in villa Hoenka (898) and Höngge (1276). The interpretation of the name is uncertain. Perhaps there is a derivation of Old High German hōh 'high'. The tracing back to Hueching, the brother of the Bavarian Duke Uotilo , who gave the name to the Uetliberg , his former property, is linguistically impossible and, moreover, unlikely to be typified by the name.

Burial mounds from the Hallstatt period in the heating wood indicate settlement in the Iron Age . The own church, founded around 700, went to the St. Gallen monastery in 870 . The Grossmünster owned real estate in Höngg around 800, including a farm. Around 1300 the rights of the Habsburg knight family von Humlikon came to the knight family von Seen , who came from Seen near Winterthur . Between 1359 and 1365 they sold the Vogtei with the second Meierhof, the church set and property to the Wettingen monastery . In 1384 the city of Zurich acquired the Vogtei Höngg and during the Reformation in 1526 the lower court. During the Old Zurich War , the Confederates set the village on fire at the end of July 1443. Forty houses, about half of the village, were destroyed by flames. Almost all of the old houses still preserved date from the period after 1443. Höngg administered Zurich as the inner bailiwick until 1798. In that year it was assigned to the Regensdorf district, the Bülach district in 1803 and the Zurich district in 1815. In 1886 the civil parishes of Höngg and Rütihof became the political municipality of Höngg. The first recorded opening of Höngg comes from 1338. In 1436 a subordinate is mentioned for the first time, who was proposed by the community and elected by the Zurich council. In 1406 there were five Dorfmeier. Until 1665, the Hofmeier of the Great Minster presided over the weekly local court. He was replaced in the 18th century by the city governor.

Incorporation

The municipality within the Zurich district before the merger in 1933

The former political municipality of Höngg consisted of the old village by the church and the hamlet of Rütihof. In 1934 the municipality of Höngg and seven other independent municipalities became part of the city of Zurich. Höngg was divided into the new urban district 10 , while the Wipkingen district, which was incorporated in 1893, was also assigned to the new district. In the 1990s a citizens' movement emerged, which had written the independence of Höngg on its flag; as a result of political failure, she fell asleep again towards the end of the decade.

Local division

Rütihof

The hamlet of Rütihof, in the north of Höngg, was first mentioned in the late Middle Ages (1280). In 1828 only seven houses are documented. For 500 years only the family name Geering could be found in the former “civil parish Birch-Rütihof”. Today around 4,000 people, mainly young families, live in the Rütihof. In 2002, a neighborhood meeting place was set up in an old carriage house. A wholesaler, a bakery and a restaurant enliven the rapidly growing urban quarter. A construction playground was handed over to the small and large “builders” on August 26, 2006 with a party.

Hönggerberg

ETH Hönggerberg

Above the quarter lies the Hönggerberg, the highest point of which is in the so-called Bergholz (541 m above sea level). On the saddle between Hönggerberg and Käferberg lies the ETH Hönggerberg campus with the departments of chemistry, physics, materials science, architecture, civil engineering and biology. The ETH would like to build a Science City around the teaching and research facilities, a separate residential area for students and researchers as well as shopping facilities in the center, which should also be attractive for the residents in Höngg and Affoltern. However, this is partially rejected by the Höngger population, as an increased volume of traffic is expected. In the meantime, the ETH Hönggerberg is planning an expansion of 45% according to the master plan 2040. After the previous development with the VBZ diesel bus lines 37, 80 and 69 has been controversial for a long time, as well as ETH-owned shuttle diesel buses on two lines between the Hönggerberg campus and the main building or Zurich main station, which are reserved for ETH members which travel time on the two direct lines is approx. 15 minutes each. With the regular connections, the travel time from the main train station to ETH Hönggerberg is around 25 minutes. These bus connections have long been a capacity bottleneck, which has already led to complaints from students. Another variant for direct access to Science City via an S-Bahn line and a tunnel station below Science City was proposed in autumn 2014. The supplementary railway line, 4.25 km long, begins branching at the Letziviadukt and leads as a 3.5 km long tunnel under the Käferberg to the Aspholz area, where it joins the line to Regensdorf. This would reduce the travel time from Zurich main station to the ETH Hönggerberg from today's 25 minutes to 6 minutes.

The well-developed Emil Klöti-Strasse leads over the saddle to the Affoltern district in the north of the Glattal . The street leads around the ETH campus in the west and is separated in this area - the ETH campus is connected to the street by a bridge structure (Einstein Bridge) and various ramps and looks like a motorway junction.

Churches and cemeteries

Ref. Höngg Church , south view, first mentioned in 870

Church history up to the Reformation

A church of St. Moritz was first mentioned in documents in 870 when it was handed over to the St. Gallen monastery , which it used to endow the St. Mangs (Magnus) church in 890. The Höngg Church was the mother church of Regensdorf, Watt, Affoltern (Zurich) and Niederhasli. Höngg Wettingen was incorporated from 1376 to 1837 . The Höngg Church was burned by the Confederates in 1443 and rebuilt in 1446. In 1703 it was completely renovated.

Churches today

There are the following churches in Höngg:

  • The predecessor of today's Reformed Church in Höngg was probably built a little after the year 700 and is considered one of the oldest churches in the region. The church is visible from afar on the vineyard and, together with the adjoining vineyard, is the landmark of the quarter. In 2019, the Reformed parish of Höngg was merged with other parishes of the city of Zurich and Oberengstringen to form the Reformed Church of Zurich. Together with Oberengstringen and Wipkingen West, Höngg forms the church district ten.
  • The Roman Catholic Church is present in the quarter with the Heilig Geist parish center , which was built in 1971-73 by the architect Karl Higi and is located on Limmattalstrasse.

graveyards

Two of Zurich's 26 cemeteries are located in Höngg. The historic Höngg cemetery is the second oldest in the city after the Witikon churchyard and is still in use. It dates from the 15th century. The Hönggerberg cemetery from 1948 is its successor.

Economy and trade

Viticulture has been the most important agricultural occupation since the Middle Ages. In 1826 there were still 76 trotters in Höngg and at the end of the 19th century the Höngg vineyards were the third largest in the canton of Zurich. In the Middle Ages, the owners of the vineyards were monasteries and later city residents of Zurich. The work was carried out by day laborers from Höngg. In autumn the vines were fenced in with thorn bushes from the community's own forest. The vine owners had to give the community "Dörnwein" for it. Powdery mildew and phylloxera led to a sharp decline in viticulture from 1890 onwards. Fishing and shipping on the Limmat until 1880 was insignificant. In 1634 there were 6 master craftsmen and in 1860 there were 49 in addition to 95 farmers. In the 17th and 18th centuries, over ten country estates brought the urban way of life to the rural village. The construction of residential houses increased and the majority of the population began to work abroad. Industrialization began in 1817 with a spinning mill and in 1874 with the Baumann older silk weaving mill . In 1924 the first Swiss-German radio station started operations. From 1968 several new vineyards were planted, the most striking on the church hill.

education

In Höngg there are the school buildings Bläsi, Vogtsrain, Rütihof, Riedhof-Pünten, am Wasser (primary and intermediate level), Lachenzelg (upper level). They belong to the Waidberg school district.

traffic

Public transport

The tram has been connecting Höngg with Zurich since 1898 , after the Zurich – Höngg tram was opened. Today, one tram and one trolleybus line each provide connections to Zurich city center. Several bus routes over the Hönggerberg and in the direction of Altstetten complete the offer of the Zurich transport company . A new S-Bahn route to develop the Science City ETH Hönggerberg via a tunnel station is proposed as a future development variant.

Sights and customs

View from the Uetliberg to Höngg, the Waid city hospital and the Käferberg- Waidberg
  • The oldest remains of the foundation in the reformed church in Höngg date from the 8th / 9th centuries. Century, today's ship from 1703, the spire and the bells from 1863. Between 1280 and 1976 Regensdorf, Ober- and Niederhasli, Affoltern and Oberengstringen belonged to the parish of Höngg at times.
  • In the center of the village, several houses, former plank constructions, from the middle of the 15th century have been preserved. The oldest is the Schlössli, a brick granary from 1360, which was supplemented in 1499 with a plank frame and roof structure.
  • The first building project realized by Max Bill , which served as a residential and studio building, is in Höngg .
  • There has been a local museum since 1925
  • The Höngg guild has existed since 1934.
  • The annual Wümmetfäscht has been held since 1973 .

  • Local museum Haus zum Kranz

  • Höngg rectory from 1701, where Heinrich Pestalozzi's grandfather lived

  • Schlössli, brick granary from 1360, 1499 with plank stand construction and roof truss added

  • Residential houses on the Limmat

  • Event power plant and museum Kraftwerk Höngg

People related to Höngg

literature

  • Georg Sibler: Höngg. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  • Episcopal Ordinariate Chur (ed.): Schematism of the Diocese of Chur. Chur 1980.
  • Presidential Department of the City of Zurich, Statistics City of Zurich: Quartierspiegel Höngg . Zurich 2015 ( read online ).

Web links

Commons : Höngg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The pronunciation of standard German in Switzerland. A guide. On behalf of the Swiss Siebs Commission, edited by Prof. Dr. Bruno Boesch . Schweizer Spiegel, Zurich 1957, p. 37.
  2. ^ Hans Kläui, Viktor Schobinger: Zurich place names. Origin and meaning. Edited by Zürcher Kantonalbank. 2nd edition Zurich 1989, p. 52.
  3. ^ A b Felix Marbach: Zurich-Wollishofen. In: Bischöfliches Ordinariat Chur (Ed.): Schematism of the Diocese of Chur. P. 272.
  4. ↑ https://ethz.ch/de/campus/entwickeln/hoenggerberg.html
  5. ^ Campus Hönggerberg. In: ethz.ch. Retrieved April 2, 2019 .
  6. ↑ https://www.20min.ch/schweiz/zuerich/story/ETH-Studenten-22012485
  7. ↑ http://www.adf-innovation.com/publikationen/by_rail_2014_S26-27.pdf June 11, 2015.
  8. ↑ https://www.limmattalerzeitung.ch/limmattal/zuerich/unterirdische-s-bahn-fuer-die-hochschulen-ingenieur-entwickelt-circle-line-projekt-137298348
  9. ↑ See on the following Robert Schönbächler: Churches and places of worship of the city of Zurich. New Year's Gazette Industriequartier / Aussersihl. Zurich 2013, pp. 110–111.
  10. ^ Reformed Church Zurich - parish ten - höngg - oberengstringen - wipkingen-west. Retrieved on February 6, 2019 (Swiss Standard German).
  11. ↑ http://www.adf-innovation.com/publikationen/by_rail_2014_S26-27.pdf