Bulbous goose thistle
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Bulbous goose thistle ( Sonchus bulbosus ) |
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| ( L. ) N. Kilian & Greuter |
The tuber Sowthistle ( Sonchus bulbosus ) is a plant of the genus sow thistles ( Sonchus ), and thus the family of Compositae (Asteraceae).
description
The bulbous goose thistle is a perennial plant that is 10–50 centimeters high. Its rhizome bears whitish, spherical, 5–15 millimeter large tubers. The leaves are all basal or at most 1–2 at the base of 1–3 stems. They are mostly bare, gray-green and slightly dentate to lobed. The basal leaves are 1–25 cm long and 4–35 mm wide, elliptical to ovate, usually pointed, gradually narrowing at the base into the petiole. At the end of the stem there is a flower head made of yellow ray florets. The inflorescence is 8–16 millimeters long and 3–12 millimeters wide. The bracts are lanceolate, arranged like roof tiles and have blackish glandular hairs that merge onto the stem. The envelope itself is 3–12 millimeters wide. The cardboard hairs are simple and white.
The flowering period is February to June.
The chromosome number is 2n = 18.
distribution
The tuber goose thistle occurs in the Mediterranean region, in the Middle East and on the Azores. It grows on sandy beaches, in fields and also on sandy parts of the garigue.
Taxonomy
The bulbous goose thistle was first described by Carl von Linné as Leontodon bulbosus in Sp. Pl. 2: 798 (1753). The species was first placed in 2003 by Norbert Kilian & Werner Greuter as Sonchus bulbosus (L.) N. Kilian & Greuter in Willdenowia 33: 237 (2003) in the genus of goose thistles ( Sonchus ). Synonyms of Sonchus bulbosus (L.) N. Kilian & Greuter are Crepis bulbosa (L.) Tausch and Aetheorhiza bulbosa (L.) Cass.
Systematics
One can distinguish three subspecies:
- Sonchus bulbosus subsp. bulbosus : It is distributed in the Mediterranean area with North Africa and on the Azores island of Terceira as well as on the coasts of Western Europe. To the north it reaches the Lorient area in France . The inflorescence is 13-16 millimeters long and the bracts are 2 millimeters wide and suddenly contracted into a point. The achenes are 3–4.5 millimeters long.
- Sonchus bulbosus subsp. microcephalus (Rech.f.) N. Kilian & Greuter (Syn .: Aetheorhiza bulbosa subsp. microcephala Rech. f. ): It occurs in Greece, in the Aegean, European and Asian Turkey, in Crete , Cyprus, in Syria and in Lebanon. The inflorescence is 8-11 millimeters long, the bracts are linear, 1.5-2 millimeters wide and suddenly drawn together into a point. The achenes are 4–4.5 millimeters long.
- Sonchus bulbosus subsp. willkommii (Burnat & Barbey) N.Kilian & Greuter (Syn .: Crepis willkommii Burnat & Barbey , Aetheorhiza bulbosa subsp. willkommii (Burnat & Barbey) Rech.f. ): It occurs only in the Balearic Islands . The leaves of the perianth are narrow and linear and only 1–1.8 millimeters wide and gradually narrowed at the tip. The achenes are about 5 millimeters long.
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Peter Schönfelder , Ingrid Schönfelder: The new cosmos Mediterranean flora. Franckh Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-440-10742-3 . P. 134.
- ^ Crepis bulbosa at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b c d e Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). - In: W. Greuter & E. von Raab-Straube (eds.): Compositae. Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Datasheet Sonchus bulbosus In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
- ↑ a b c d Peter Derek Sell: Aetheorhiza Cass. In: Thomas Gaskell Tutin et al .: Flora Europaea. Volume 4, Cambridge University Press 1976, ISBN 0-521-08717-1 , pp. 326 f.
Web links
- as Aetheorhiza bulbosa on mediterranmeerflora.de.