Sotin
| Sotin | |||
|
|||
| Basic data | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| State : |
 Croatia
|
||
| County : |
 Vukovar-Srijem
|
||
| Municipality : | Vukovar | ||
| Height : | 123 m. i. J. | ||
| Telephone code : | (+385) 032 | ||
| Postal code : | 32 232 | ||
| License plate : | VU | ||
| Structure and administration | |||
| Community type : | settlement | ||
Sotin ( German Sotting , Hungarian Zatta , Latin Cornacum ) is a place in the far east of Croatia on the Danube.
Geographical location
Sotin is located at a height of 123 m on a steep slope 50 meters above the Danube, which runs immediately north of the village and is also the border with Serbia. Administratively, the place belongs to the city of Vukovar , although it is 15 km away from Sotin. The place is on the West Syrmian loess plate .
history
Finds from the Neolithic prove that the area was already settled in prehistoric times. The ethnonym Cornacates, which was given to the population living here during the Roman Empire, was formed from the place name Cornacum used by the Romans . The Cornacates were therefore a regional group organized by the Romans. The territory of the Civitas peregrina inhabited by this group can be determined by an inscription discovered near Sirmium , the capital of Lower Pannonia, and by the place name Cornacum . The border fort Cornacum was located in Sotin since the 1st century AD .
The present village is first mentioned in a Hungarian document in 1289. At that time, however, the village was already a flourishing settlement. The presence of a Catholic Church can be traced back to 1333.
From 1526 to 1687 Sotin was under Turkish rule. There was also a small Christian (Catholic) community at that time. After the departure of the Turks, the population structure changed fundamentally: Serbs, Croats and Hungarians settled in the areas that had become empty. In 1720 there were 77 families living in the village, but this number was reduced to 40 by 1757. From 1732 until the Turkish invasion in 1739, Germans from Württemberg settled in the village for the first time. From 1759 there was then a continuous German settlement.
In 1739 an image of Mary was brought here from Belgrade to protect it from the Turks. In 1768 the church dedicated to Luke and Vitus was rebuilt by the Franciscans and has since housed the icon of Mary. Since then, Sotin has been known as a place of pilgrimage.
The Germans lived in the lower "Schwabengasse" until 1849, while the Slavic population lived in the higher streets. By 1939 this relationship had been reversed, so that now the Slavs lived in the lower part of the village. The census of 1931 showed a population of 1,527 inhabitants, of which 59 percent German, 30 percent Slavs ( Croats and Serbs ). After the Second World War, the Germans were expelled.
During the siege of the nearby city of Vukovar in 1991, Sotin was occupied by Serb-Yugoslav troops. In 2006 there were still many vacant buildings in the village, whose residents had fled during the war in Croatia . The population is partly Croatian, partly Serbian.
Churches and cemeteries
There is a Catholic (Croatian) church (built in 1802) and a Serbian Orthodox church. The Catholic Church was destroyed and rebuilt in the Second World War and the Croatian War. At the eastern edge of the village is the Catholic cemetery, near the Serbian Orthodox Church the smaller Serbian Orthodox cemetery. In the Catholic cemetery there are many graves of Germans (so-called Danube Swabians ).
literature
- Adalbert Pißler: German settlements in Syrmia . Leipzig 1942.
Web links
- Danube Swabia in Sotin (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ CIL 16, 2
- ↑ András Mócsy : Cornacates. In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Supplementary volume XI, Stuttgart 1968, Col. 373 ..