Lock point Ova Spin
Map with all coordinates: 
The lock point Ova Spin (army designation lock no. 1260) was a defensive position of the Swiss army on the Ofenpassstrasse near the hamlet of Ova Spin, on the border to the national park .
The barrier, which was restored and supplemented from 1933, is a military-historical monument of national importance. The blocking point belonged to Border Brigade 12 .
Lock point Ova Spin
The La Serra dam, originally 130 meters long, on the Ofenpass road above Zernez has been in existence since the 15th century at the latest to ward off enemies who wanted to penetrate the Engadin from the south over the Ofenpass. ⊙
In the hamlet of Ova Spin, infantry fortifications (trenches and concrete bunkers) were built during the First World War . From 1933 onwards, individual old concrete structures were restored and included in the Second World War .
From 1938 the barrier was provided with two infantry bunkers and tank barricades and in 1940 further bunkers and shelters were built. In the post-war period, the position was supplemented with modern protective structures and in 1977 with an 8.1 cm fortress mine thrower. The two main works were camouflaged as medieval castle ruins (Ova Spin Strasse A 7632) and as wildly jagged rocky outcrops (Ova Spin Nord A 7634). The former affected the anti-tank barrier, Ova Spin Nord (A 7634) and the explosive device on the Ofenpassstrasse, the latter in the direction of Ova Spin Strasse (A 7632), forward on the Ofenpassstrasse and to Brastuoch (A 7636).
- Anti-tank bunker Ova Spin Strasse A 7632: Infantry cannon, later 9 cm anti-tank gun, 2 Mg ⊙
- Infantry bunker Ova Spin Strasse A 7633: 2 Mg ⊙
- Infantry bunker Ova Spin Nord A 7634: 3 Mg ⊙
- Mg stand Ova Spin Strasse A 7635: 2 Mg ⊙
Pak Bunker Ova Spin Street A 7632
Pak Bunker Ova Spin Strasse A 7632 from above
Pak bunker notch
Pak bunker cover
- Brastuoch infantry bunker A 7636: Mg ⊙
- Artillery shelter A 7637 ⊙
- Infantry bunker A 7658: 2 8.1 cm fortress mine throwers ⊙
- Artillery bunker Ova Spin A 7659: 8.4 cm cannon ⊙
- Explosive object SprO Ofenpassstrasse ⊙
- ASU nuclear shelter ⊙
- Military cable car MSB top station Sockel ⊙
Infantry bunker Ova Spin Nord A 7634: Scharte
Infantry bunker Ova Spin Nord A 7634: camouflage
Infantry bunker Ova Spin Nord A 7634: cover
Artillery bunker Ova Spin A 7659
Lock point Susch-Zernez
During the Thirty Years' War during the turmoil in Graubünden , Henri II. De Rohan had the hill fort Fortezza Rohan built east of Susch to protect against the Spaniards and Austrians. ⊙
During the Second World War and the Cold War ( Army 61 ), the Susch / Süss-Zernez barrier (Army designation no. 1259) blocked the valley between Susch and Zernez against attackers from the north who had breached the Lavin barrier (no. 1252), as well as against those from the south that would have penetrated from the Münstertal over the Ofenpass . The Susch / Murtèra partial barrier (No. 1251) and the Flüelapass barrier (No. 1249) had to prevent an advance from the south over the Flüelapass to Davos .
Partial suspension of Zernez / Crastatscha
From 1940 the construction office of the Gebirgsbrigade 12 (Geb Br 12) began to project positions and barriers in the depth. After the axes of incidence from the east (Lower Engadine) and south (Münstertal) had already been blocked by the office for fortifications (BBB), Geb Br 12 planned the recessed Crastatscha barrier, which was built in the autumn of 1940 by private construction companies.
The Crastatscha partial barrier (army designation no. 1259) consists of three sections, the Güstizia, Crastatscha and Clüs plants: the Güstizia left (A 7621) and right (A 7620) plants had to block the northern entrance of the valley.
The main plant in Crastatscha links (A 7923) had a tank bunker cannon, a machine gun and a light machine gun to act on the tank obstacle that runs through the entire valley. In the river bed of the Inn , a river barrier made of wire ropes was supposed to prevent an advance through the river bed (concrete bases for fastening the steel ropes are still in place). The main plant has two counterworks, on the opposite side of the valley Crastatscha on the right (A 7622) and a little to the south Sparsa (A 7625). The barrier on the right side of the valley was later supplemented with a shelter (A 7624) for a mobile infantry cannon. Numerous reinforcements (road explosives, shelters, Rgt KP from VOBAG precast concrete elements) were built with Army 61.
The Clüs links (A 7627) and Clüs right (A 7626) plants were designed to prevent the Crastatscha barrier on the east side via the Clüs saddle, which is a little higher up.
- Cavern Güstizia on the right A 7620: 1938 Mg, 8 men ⊙
- Cavern Güstizia left A 7621: 1938 Mg, 8 men ⊙
- Cavern Crastatscha right A 7622: 1938 Pak, Mg, Lmg, 12 men ⊙
- Cavern Crastatscha left A 7923: 1938 Lmg, 7 men ⊙
- Infantry cannons Ik position A 7624 ⊙
- Cavern Sparsa A 7625: 1938 Mg, 8 men ⊙
- Cavern Clüs right A 7626: 1938 Lmg, 7 men ⊙
- Cavern Clüs links A 7627: 1938 Lmg, 7 men ⊙
- Shelter A 7629
- GPH Crastatscha T 4025 with flow barrier ⊙
- Regimental command post Rgt KP Crastatscha F 12048 ⊙
- Explosive object SprO street ⊙
- Command post, cellar former national park house (Füs Bat 242) ⊙
Partial closure of Susch / Murtèra
The partial barrier Susch / Murtèra (Army designation no. 1251) was the first upstream barrier on the Flüelastrasse to prevent an enemy advance from the south over the Flüelapass to Davos after the Zernez / Crastatscha barrier had been breached. The construction office of Mountain Brigade 12 had an upstream barrier built near Murtera with two machine gun caverns from autumn 1940 to supplement the main barrier on the Flüelapass with a pre-barrier. This was supposed to prevent infantry from bypassing the barrier via Val Grialetsch. The 8.1 cm fortress mine thrower, created in the 1970s, was placed in such a way that its fire could act on the Lavin and Crastatscha blocking points.
- Infantry bunker Susch West A 7616: two 8.1 cm fortress mine throwers ⊙
- Murtera north rock A 7630: 2 Mg ⊙
- Murtera rock south A 7631: 2 Mg ⊙
- Infantry bunker A 7617 ⊙
Flüelapass blocking point
The Flüelapass , created in 1867, is the shortest road route between the Rhine Valley and the Lower Engadine. Like the Splügen , Julier and Albula, the pass was to be closed permanently until the army was deployed. From May 1938, the office for fortification structures (BBB) created the barrier on the Chanta Sura bridge, the main plant Flüela on the right (A 7701), the counter-plant Flüela on the left (A 7702) and an infantry cannon on the A 7701.
The Flüela barrier (Army designation No. 1249) of the Mountain Division 12 (before 1962 Mountain Brigade 12) is located east of the Flüela Pass. Its task as the main barrier on Flüelastrasse was to prevent an enemy advance from the south. With Army 61, it consisted of four combat plants, an 8.1 cm fortress mine launcher (built in 1966), explosive objects (Spr O) and numerous ball bunkers (Kubu) and shelters. From the main plant (Flüela on the right A 7701) about three kilometers of the pass road could be seen. Its counterwork was Flüela left A 7702, which was equipped with two machine guns. The Pradadaint A 7615 cavern lies alone above the exit of the Grialetsch valley. The GPH Chant Sura consists of natural stone blocks. The remaining infrastructures were expanded in 2010.
- Cavern Pradadaint A 7615: Year 1938 mg 51, 8 man ⊙
- Cavern Chant Sura Kehren A 7700: 1938, Mg 51, 8 men ⊙
- Flüela right cavern (main plant) A 7701: 1938, Ik / Pak, 3 Mg 51, ob, 20 men ⊙
- Cavern Flüela Links A 7702: 1938, 2 Mg 51, 12 men ⊙
- Cavern Chant Sura A 7756: 2 8.1-cm solid Mw ⊙
- GPH Chant Sura ⊙
- Rock nuclear shelter ASU, at 2420 m ⊙
literature
- Peter Baumgartner, Hans Stäbler: Fortified Graubünden. Wolves in sheep's clothing. Military History Foundation Graubünden, Chur 2006. New edition Verlag Desertina, Chur 2016, ISBN 978-3-85637-485-3 .
- Silvio Keller, Maurice Lovisa, Thomas Bitterli: Military monuments in the canton of Graubünden. Federal Department of Defense, Civil Protection and Sport (Ed.), Bern 2003.
Web links
- Fortress museum lock Trin: lock area Ova Spin 1260
- Photos of the Ova Spin lockout
- Photos of the Flüela barrier
Individual evidence
- ^ Silvio Keller, Maurice Lovisa, Thomas Bitterli: Military monuments in the canton of Graubünden. Federal Department of Defense, Civil Protection and Sport (Ed.), Bern 2003
- ^ Crestawald Fortress: Ova Spin lock
- ↑ Bunkerfreunde.ch: Equipment Ova Spin
- ↑ Crestawald Fortress Museum: Susch-Zernez locking point
- ↑ Fortress Museum Lock Trin: Crastatscha 1259
- ↑ Fortress Museum Lock Trin: Lock Susch 1251
- ↑ Bunkerfreunde.ch: Equipment Flüela
- ↑ Fortified Graubünden 1941
Coordinates: 46 ° 40 '36.8 " N , 10 ° 9' 39.7" E ; CH1903: 808 262 / 173 133