Sporangium

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The spore capsule of the moss (here at Sphagnum ) is a sporangium

In botany, the sporangium or spore container is the place where spores are formed in fungi , algae and plants .

In the case of slime molds , the sporangium describes a special shape of the fruiting body in which a plasmodium divides into several to thousands of individual spore carriers.

The swelling of a hypha below the sporangium, which occurs in some fungi , is also called the apophysis.

In a narrower sense, the term sporangium is limited to the containers with a sterile wall in which the meiospores develop in the plants . In a number of clans, the meiospores that are formed vary in size: The sporangia in which the smaller (male) microspores are then formed are called microsporangia; the places where the larger (female) mega- or macrospores are formed are called mega- or macrosporangia, respectively.

The name sporangium was first used in 1779 by Jakob Friedrich Ehrhart bei Moosen, whereby he named part of the sporangia wall that way. The current meaning was introduced by Johannes Hedwig in 1798. In the seed plants , the microsporangia are referred to as pollen sac and the megasporangia as nucellus . These terms were coined before their homology with the sporangia of ferns and mosses of Wilhelm Hofmeister was detected.

Web links

Commons : Sporangium  - collection of images, videos and audio files

proof

  1. Wolfgang Nowotny: Myxomycetes (slime molds) and Mycetozoa (mushroom animals) - life forms between animals and plants. In: Wolfgang Nowotny (Ed.): Wolfsblut and Lohblüte. Life forms between animals and plants = Myxomycetes (=  Stapfia . Band 73 ). Linz 2000, ISBN 3-85474-056-5 , p. 7–37 (German, English, French, Spanish). PDF on ZOBODAT
  2. ^ Gerhard Wagenitz : Dictionary of Botany. Morphology, anatomy, taxonomy, evolution. 2nd, expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-937872-94-0 , p. 22.
  3. a b Gerhard Wagenitz: Dictionary of Botany. The terms in their historical context. 2nd, expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg / Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-8274-1398-2 , p. 303.