St. Jakobus Church (Winterberg)
The St. Jakobus Church in Winterberg in the Hochsauerland district is a Catholic parish church whose origins date back to the 13th century. It was erected in its current form during the reconstruction after the last fire in 1791.
History and Development
In 1276, the Archbishop of Cologne, Siegfried von Westerburg, confirmed the agreements made by his predecessor Engelbert with the Glindfeld Monastery about the Church of Winterberg. It had therefore existed for some time at this point.
In three devastating city fires in 1556, 1759 and 1791 the church was completely destroyed each time. After the second fire, the foundation stone was laid for a new building in 1785 and completion at the end of 1790. A few months later, the building was destroyed again by fire. As the patron of the church, the Glindfeld monastery had to bear the costs of the reconstruction. For this purpose it took out a loan of 5000 thalers. Reconstruction began in 1796 and was not quite finished in 1801.
It was different with the west tower, which at that time was owned by the city of Winterberg and which was responsible for the reconstruction. An inscription on the church tower indicates the completion of the construction work in 1796 by the master Friedrich Lorentz on behalf of the mayor Jakob Cramer. The two lower floors of the tower date from the Middle Ages. The tower spire merges into an eight-sided pyramid above the main oak cornice. This is interrupted about halfway up by an S-shaped swelling.
Church building
After the last church fire, the church was partly built from stones from the city wall, which has now been demolished. Master mason Christian Gülich from Neukirchen in the Principality of Waldeck directed the construction. The master carpenter was Caspar Deckersbach from Madfeld . The outer walls are made of plastered quarry stone. The cross of the Glindfelder Kreuzherren is located in all keystones.
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The church consists of a single-nave hall with five bays and a 3/8 choir closure. The western yoke is two meters wider than the other yokes. An inscription with the year 1669 on the north window indicates that this part of an older complex can be assigned. The southern main entrance and a northern side entrance are on this yoke. Above the south portal there is a shell niche in which the figure of St. Catherine stood for a long time. Today there is a figure of James there. On the roof, directly above the choir, there is a bell tower. The sacristy at the southern end of the choir was built in 1925.
Furnishing
Altars
The church saint is James the Elder , the patron saint of pilgrims who move to Santiago de Compostela in Spain. Parish fair is July 25th. The main altar in the choir is also dedicated to this saint. According to oral tradition, it was built around 1800 by a carpenter from Bödefeld . The two side altars date from the 20th century. They were originally assigned to two lost charities. One of them belonged to the Katharinen Altar, at which the city of Winterberg donated an early mess vicariate in 1465. A second benefit was dedicated to the Holy Cross. Both went under in the 16th century during the Reformation and were united with the pastorate.
Bells
In 1774 four new bells were consecrated after the church fire in 1759. Presumably they had to be renewed after 1791. The bell called "Sankt Agatha" had to be delivered in 1917 and was consecrated again in 1922. The same happened with the second bell "Ave Maria". In 1942 these two had to be handed in again. The third bell, "Jakobus", which was cast in 1813, was also drawn in this time. In 1947 three new bells were hung. They were consecrated with the names Jakobus (tone cis'), Agatha (tone e ') and Maria (tone fis').
organ
An organ that was built in the church in 1638 has been handed down for the first time. After 1800, an organ for the rebuilt church was acquired from the secularized Grafschaft monastery .
Today's organ was built in 1995 by the organ building company Albers & Wiggering (Schmallenberg).
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
Others
An oak pulpit from the Empire period was removed from the church after the Second Vatican Council. Two confessionals from around 1800 and the twelve apostle figures from around 1750 attached to the long walls of the church come from the abolished Grafschaft monastery.
Around 1950, two tombstones were still housed near the altar, for example in the north-east corner of the church. The first contained the inscription that referred to the death of the electoral Cologne judge Johann Reinhard Winter, who died on April 21, 1700. A second plate was made for the mayor and magistrate Jodokus Melchior Lütteken, who died on August 11, 1731. Both panels were installed today (2008) inside on the west side of the tower ground floor.
A newer baptismal font is located in the entrance area of the church, roughly in the middle between the two entrance doors. An older baptismal font from the 18th century stands in front of the grave slabs mentioned.
Closer environment
After the vicarie was re-established in 1694, the city of Winterberg committed itself to building the vicar's own house. This happened in 1721 in the northwest corner of the churchyard. The vicar was also allowed to fence off a garden there. After the fire of 1791, this building was no longer erected. Instead, the vicar and pastor von Winterberg each got their own apartment in the newly built pastorate building.
Until 1875 the dead were buried in the churchyard around the church. Until the parish of Altastenberg in 1785, their dead were also buried in this churchyard. In 1912 the cemetery around the church was leveled. To the right of the main entrance, Pastor Hackenberg received his grave on April 5, 1945 after being fatally injured by a shrapnel a few days earlier.
Picture gallery
Church entrance from the south
Old font
Grave slab of the mayor Melchior Lütteken
Stained glass window, detail
See also
Literature and Sources
- Klaus Hamper: Winterberg Hochsauerland. Landscape History Customs . Winterberg without a year (around 1967).
- Wilhelm Rave (Hrsg.): Architectural and art monuments of Westphalia. Volume 45: Brilon district . Edited by Paul Michels, Münster 1952, pp. 428–438.
- Jakob Torsy: The ordinations of the Cologne auxiliary bishops 1661-1840 according to the auxiliary bishop's protocols . Düsseldorf 1969, p. 527f.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Pastoral Association St. Jakobus Winterberg-Süd: Organ , seen September 22, 2010.
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 11 ′ 43.3 " N , 8 ° 32 ′ 11.1" E