Canon of the Kreuzbrüder zu Glindfeld
The canony of the Kreuzbrüder in Glindfeld (near Medebach ) was created in 1499 through the conversion of an impoverished Augustinian convent . The branch in Glindfeld existed until secularization in 1804
History and Development
On September 29, 1499, the Archbishop of Cologne, Hermann IV of Hesse, transferred the impoverished Augustinian convent Glindfeld to the Order of the Cross . The first four brothers came from the Kreuzherrenkloster Falkenhagen .
Rights and duties were passed on to the new masters. These were above all the right of patronage over the parish in Medebach and the right of presentation in the parish church in Winterberg . Often the prior von Glindfeld was also pastor von Medebach, while his successor had often been pastor in Winterberg before. The Grafschaft monastery renounced the position of provost . In December, the Falkenhagen Order House established a convent in Glindfeld, which was officially accepted by the Order in 1501.
In the sources, the monastery "Conventus monasterii Cruciferorum" (1499), "monasterium vallis Beatae Mariae Virginis in Glindfelde" (1507), Marienthal monastery called Glintfeld (1509) and in the 19th century "Canonie Glindfeld".
Even the first prior Arnold von Bocholt from Falkenhagen succeeded in regaining pledged property and expanding the monastery economy. According to a list of goods from 1684 and another survey drawn up by the Prussian state in 1821, the property in the Medebach area was considerable. There were also scattered properties in the near and far. In 1694, Prior Cramer built a new convent building and increased the property, which was already extensive at that time. In 1731 separate farm buildings seem to have been built. To the north of the monastery walls was a mill with a pond, which burned down before 1651.
Long before the Enlightenment, the conventuals acted as teachers for their tenants in forestry, arable and horticultural cultivation and cattle breeding. Regular feeding of the poor and the reception and feeding of foreigners and traveling craftsmen became common.
In the age of the Reformation , the convent, as an outpost of Kurköln, firmly asserted the Catholic faith and its spiritual privileges in its sphere of activity and was even able to extend them. The starting point for this was not necessarily favorable; because in the office of Medebach , in which the monastery was located, cities and nobles tried to introduce the Reformation in their sphere of influence. In 1585, the abbot of Deutz asked the canon to hold the service temporarily in Hallenberg after the pastor and early messenger refused to renounce their evangelical confession and were then deposed. When the Count of Waldeck appointed Lutheran preachers in the Free County of Düdinghausen in 1613, the Lords of the Cross extended pastoral care to this area as well.
Around 1630, the Archbishop of Cologne, Ferdinand of Bavaria, temporarily transferred the entire deanship of Medebach with ten parishes to the convent for pastoral care. In 1645 the monastery occupied seven of them (Hallenberg, Winterberg, Medebach, Züschen , Eppe , Grönebach , Düdinghausen ) with their own conventuals as pastors. The other three parishes were Deifeld , Hesborn and Silbach . In 1785 Altastenberg was added after Winterberg had been parished off. In recognition of the services rendered to the challenges of the Waldecker and the Hessians in the Thirty Years War , the Archbishop of Cologne, Maximilian Heinrich von Bayern, finally united the deanship of Medebach with the priory in 1682.
The monastery was soon in conflict with the town of Winterberg without interruption. As early as the middle of the 16th century, the city of Winterberg tried to circumvent the cross-lords' right of presentation. From the second half of the 17th century until the end of the 18th century there were repeated disputes about the occupation of the pastor's office.
During the Seven Years' War , Glindfeld Monastery, like the entire Medebach Office, suffered greatly from the contributions from the French and Hanoverians. Towards the end of the 18th century, there seems to have been a decline in monastic discipline, as the visitations of the Archbishop of Cologne in 1796 and 1802 established. In the course of secularization, the monastery was closed by the Hessians in 1804 and then abandoned by the Lords of the Cross.
Composition of the Convention
The conventuals were usually of bourgeois or rural origin and came mainly from the Sauerland in Cologne and the Paderborn area. We encounter prior, subprior, procurator and senior citizens, as well as custos, sacristan, cammerarius and cellerarius as offices. In 1499 there were four clergymen living in the monastery, around 1600 seven, around 1645 also seven, in 1787 eleven clergymen and one lay brother. In 1804 there were only six conventuals left.
Library, buildings and equipment
In 1499, the Lords of the Cross took over the archives of the abolished Augustinian convent. Parts of the library (1152 volumes) came to the library in Darmstadt in 1804 , to the Arnsberg government library after 1815, and to the Bibliotheca Paulina in Münster in 1874 . Many books were given away to neighboring parishes when they were abolished. The archive is in the State Archives in Münster . There are further sources in the Archdiocese archive in Paderborn and in the State Archive in Marburg.
The Gothic hall church from the first half of the 14th century was blown up after 1804. The high altar, both side altars and a pulpit are now (1991) in the church in Hesborn. A reliquary of Saints Blasius and Agatha are in the parish church in Medebach. Figures of apostles can be found in the church on the mountain.
List of priors
- 1501-1534 Arnoldus Bucholdiae
- 1534–1545 Johann Walt, von Attendorn
- 1545–1551 Johann Müller, von Attendorn
- 1551–1562 Kilian Ecbert, von Höxter
- 1562–1574 Johann Pasel, von Attendorn
- 1575–1576 Georg Lindemann, from Hamm
- 1576–1583 Johann Planke, von Attendorn
- 1595–1596 Johann Calmetius
- 1609–1609 Johann Limburg
- 1612–1612 Johann Angilori, von Dorlar
- 1612–1621 Abraham Frisenius / Frese, von Hildfeld
- 1621–1621 Bernhard Limpius
- 1621–1629 Aegidius More
- 1629–1653 Everhard Brunhardt, von Wormbach
- 1653–1667 Petrus Henning, from Grafschaft
- 1667–1668 Johann Bonaventura Volmershausen, von Brilon
- 1668–1676 Johann Conradi, von Buerke
- 1677–1682 Petrus Henning, from Grafschaft
- 1682–1689 Winandus Vest
- 1689–1710 Petrus Cramer, from Oberschledorn
- 1710–1719 Johann Leifert, von Westernkotten
- 1719–1762 Heinrich Coal, von Fleckenberg
- 1762–1796 Rudolf Lefarth, from Medelon
- 1796–1804 Heinrich Gerwin, von Höingen
swell
- Münster State Archives , Glindfeld Monastery, files no. 15, folio 3 recto: (for the year 1556) "But de van Winterberg hyr Inne Ireß broke for his own sake and said kerspell and kerken after Irem gevallen to energize."
- Winterberg parish archive, stock book volume 1, p. 460 for the year 1645.
literature
- Alfred Bruns: Hallenberger sources and archive directories. Part 1: Sources. Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe - Westfälisches Archivamt, Münster 1991, p. 151 ( Westphalian sources and archive directories 17).
- Piet van den Bosch: The Kreuzherren and their monasteries in Westphalia. In: Géza Jászai (Ed.): Monastic Westphalia. Monasteries and monasteries 800–1800. Westphalian State Museum for Art and Cultural History, Münster 1982, ISBN 3-88789-054-X , pp. 179–187, on Glindfeld v. a. P. 187 (exhibition catalog, Münster, Westphalian State Museum for Art and Cultural History, September 26, 1982 - November 21, 1982).
- Anton Führer: Historical news about Medebach and its neighboring towns. Self-published, Naumburg 1938.
- Anton Grosche: History of the Glindfeld Monastery. Self-published, Medebach 1957.
- Michael Senger (Red.): Monastery fates. On the history of the secularized monasteries in the Sauerland region of Cologne. Westfälisches Schieferbergbau- und Heimatmuseum, Holthausen 2003 ( Westfälisches Schieferbergbau- und Heimatmuseum Holthausen contributions 13).
- Hans Ulrich Weiß: Glindfeld - Lords of the Cross. In: Karl Hengst (Hrsg.): Westfälisches Klosterbuch. Lexicon of the monasteries and monasteries established before 1815 from their foundation to their abolition. Part 1: Ahlen - Mülheim. Aschendorff, Münster 1992, ISBN 3-402-06886-9 , pp. 359-362 ( Sources and research on the history of church and religion 2, publications of the Historical Commission for Westphalia 44).
