Medebach

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Medebach
Medebach
Map of Germany, position of the city of Medebach highlighted

Coordinates: 51 ° 12 '  N , 8 ° 42'  E

Basic data
State : North Rhine-Westphalia
Administrative region : Arnsberg
Circle : Hochsauerlandkreis
Height : 405 m above sea level NHN
Area : 126.05 km 2
Residents: 8000 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 63 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 59964
Primaries : 02982, 02981, 05632
License plate : HSK
Community key : 05 9 58 028
City structure: 9 localities

City administration address :
Österstrasse 1
59964 Medebach
Website : www.medebach.de
Mayor : Thomas Grosche ( CDU )
Location of the city of Medebach in the Hochsauerlandkreis
Hessen Hamm Kreis Höxter Kreis Olpe Kreis Paderborn Kreis Siegen-Wittgenstein Kreis Soest Märkischer Kreis Arnsberg Bestwig Brilon Eslohe (Sauerland) Hallenberg Marsberg Medebach Meschede Olsberg Schmallenberg Sundern (Sauerland) Winterbergmap
About this picture
Medebach from the air, view from the northeast

Medebach is a small town in the Hochsauerlandkreis , in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia . In the Middle Ages , long-distance trade was carried out in the city and it was a member of the Hanseatic League , which is why it has officially been named " Hanseatic City " since July 24, 2012 . In the early modern times, the place lost its importance and sank to an arable town . The structure of today's city goes back to the municipal reorganization of 1969. The city of Medebach and the other municipalities of the Medebach office at that time were merged to form the new city of Medebach. Tourism plays a major economic role today. A large part of the urban area is subject to the strict nature conservation requirements of the Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive of the European Community.

geography

location

Medebach is located in the northeastern foothills of the Rothaargebirge in the Medebach Bay . There are the widely scattered districts between Winterberg in the west, the Waldecker Upland in the northeast and Hallenberg in the south. The core town is just under three kilometers west of the state border with Hesse .

In the west, the wide basin is bordered by wooded mountains and elevations. The Bollerberg (757.7 m), Winterkasten (662.6 m), Alte Grimme (754.9 m), Junge Grimme (782.1 m), Reetsberg (792.2 m), Schlossberg (791, 3 m), Hohe Pön (792.7 m) and Emmet (742.5 m). The lowest point is around 329 m in the Berge district at the outflow of the Orke from the urban area.

The southern municipal area is traversed by the Orke, a western tributary of the Eder , and the northeastern area by the Wild Aa (also called Ogge ) , which flows further east into the Orke . Through the core city flows as Orke inflow of Medebach of, just northeast past Brühne influx Harbecke and slightly southwest over the Orke inflow Gelängebach .

geology

View of the Medebacher Bay

The marine sedimentary rocks of the Medebach city area were deposited in ancient times. The layers of the natural subunit Medebacher Bucht, consisting of slate and greywacke, come mainly from the Lower Carboniferous . In the west and northwest there are three independent layers from the Upper Devonian . These approach the border with the Ostsauerland Hauptsattel and thus the layers from the Central Devon . The first layer, located in the north, extends east to just before Düdinghausen. At Borghagen there is a quarry that contains pebble slate , pebbly claystones and limestones that were formed at the bottom of a sea around 320 million years ago. The second layer begins west of Glindfeld and extends northwest to shortly before Küstelberg . It is about two to three kilometers wide and consists of Hemberg slate and sandstones. To the west of Medelon there is another layer of silica limestone from the Upper Devonian. In Küstelberg, in the Orketal, the oldest strata of Medebach, which were formed in the Lower Devonian as early as 480 million years ago. Near Dreislar there is a small sprinkling of Zechstein in Grauwacken and slate of the Lower Carboniferous . A crevice has opened here. The barite quarry there, with two corridors each about two meters wide, also contains silica slate and quartz .

Expansion of the urban area

The urban area extends over 12.8 km in a west-east direction from the Hille valley in the west to the Aa valley in the east on the Hessian border and in north-south direction over 16.1 km from the state border in the north at Hülsenberg and the Herzgraben stream in the south.

Of the 126 km² urban area, 63.4 km² (50.3%) are forest and a further 51.5 km² (39.9%) are agricultural land. 4.0 km² (3.2%) take up buildings and open spaces and 5.8 km² (4.6%) traffic areas.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring municipalities of the city of Medebach are the North Rhine-Westphalian cities of Winterberg and Hallenberg in the west and south as well as the Hessian cities of Lichtenfels and Korbach in the east and northeast and the municipality of Willingen in the north.

Districts of Medebach

City structure

In addition to the core city of Medebach, the urban area consists of the localities

climate

In Medebach there is a typical low mountain range . It is characterized by the transition area between the subatlantic and subcontinental climates in the Medebach Bay. Characteristic for this are damp, cool summers and mild winters. The average annual maximum temperature was 13.8 ° C, the annual average minimum temperature was 5.4 ° C. In 1989 the annual mean temperature in Medebach Bay was 7.5 ° C with monthly mean temperatures in July and August of 15 and 16 ° C. The annual amount of precipitation reached an average of 789.8 millimeters per year in the measurement period 1961 to 1990. The monthly data can be taken from the climate diagram.


Average monthly temperatures and precipitation for Medebach
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 5 6th 10 13 19th 21st 22nd 22nd 19th 14th 8th 6th O 13.8
Min. Temperature (° C) 0 0 1 3 7th 11 12 12 10 6th 2 1 O 5.4
Precipitation ( mm ) 74.7 56.6 66.1 50.2 64.1 71.3 68.6 59.7 57.2 58.6 79.5 83.2 Σ 789.8
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
5
0
6th
0
10
1
13
3
19th
7th
21st
11
22nd
12
22nd
12
19th
10
14th
6th
8th
2
6th
1
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g
74.7
56.6
66.1
50.2
64.1
71.3
68.6
59.7
57.2
58.6
79.5
83.2
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source: 1. Precipitation data: Deutscher Wetterdienst Average precipitation values ​​for the period 1961–1990 ;
2. Temperature information : www.zoover.de Weather Medebach (Sauerland)

history

Prehistory and early history

Almost nothing is known about the time before the first documented mention of the place. Prehistoric finds during excavations by Wilhelm Halberschmidt provided evidence of regular settlement in the Medebach area only in the younger Iron Age (from around 420 BC). A ring wall near Medebach, the so-called Burgring, dates from this time . Other finds come from the time around the birth of Christ. In Roman times, the Chatten lived in the area, verifiably in the headwaters of the Diemel . There are only a few finds from the following period up to the Ottonians . Saxon residents have been traceable in what is now the city area since the late 8th century. Overall, the settlement was only sparse until the high Middle Ages.

middle Ages

St. Andrew's Chapel, Medebach
Glindfeld Monastery

The area around Medebach was included in the mission from the Archdiocese of Cologne after the subjugation of the Saxons. Located on the Heidestraße Medebach location became a mother parish and was first as the most advanced eastward post of Archbishop of Cologne.

Medebach was first mentioned in a document in 1144 by the Archbishop of Cologne, Arnold I. He reported that he had visited the place to consecrate a church. Medebach is known as a villa (i.e. a rural settlement), but it should actually be described as a handsome city (honestum oppidum) with a public market under the spell of a king . He also reported that the area around Medebach originally, that is, after the Frankish conquest, was part of the table good of the Cologne bishops. Later some knights were enfeoffed with it, but they disrupted trading activities. The purpose of the document was to confirm old rights. The same market laws should apply as in Soest . In 1165, Archbishop Rainald von Dassel confirmed and expanded the town charter . The same document mentions trade relations with Datia vel Rucia (Denmark and Russia). Since the authenticity of these two documents is controversial, the settlement cannot be called a city without any doubt at this time. The process of becoming a city dragged on for decades until around 1220.

The development of Medebach was temporarily interrupted in 1179 when the place got caught up in the armed conflict between Archbishop Philipp von Heinsberg and Duke Heinrich the Lion for supremacy in Westphalia. On October 28, 1179, Bernhard von der Lippe and Widukind von Rheda , both followers of Henry the Lion, took the place and completely destroyed it.

The mention of a Gottfried von Medebach in Lübeck (1183), a Johan de Medebeke in Dorpat (1340) and a Henricus de Medebeke in Reval (1347) speak for the existence of long-distance trade . Archbishop Engelbert of Cologne gave the Küstelberg provost in 1220 the right of patronage over the parish church . In addition, he gave the city of Soest town charter, as Brilon and Rüthen already had. Presumably there was a mint on site as early as 1144, as a monetarius is mentioned in the document . It can be documented in 1293, when the Westphalian Marshal Johann I von Plettenberg sold the coin to the city.

The urban area was expanded and better fortified around 1303. In 1323 the archbishop granted the privilegium de non evocando . As a result, no citizen of Medebach was allowed to be summoned to a foreign court. Ten years later, the Medebach office , which emerged from the Medebach district court, was first mentioned. The cities of Medebach, Schmallenberg , Winterberg and Hallenberg allied themselves several times, most recently in 1370, for common protection in the event of external threats and to enforce the peace. In 1450 Medebach was given the right to levy taxes (excise) on beer and brandy that were driven on carts through the city as compensation for the damage he had suffered in the Soest feud . During the Hanseatic era, potash, textiles and leather goods were traded. Sheep breeding and wool weaving were of great importance.

Particularly close religious, economic and cultural relationships existed very early on with the nearby Glindfeld Monastery . As early as 1373, the Bredelar Monastery owned a farmstead in Medebach at what is now Hinterstrasse 4, the so-called Mönchshof. It remained in Bredelar ownership until the monastery was dissolved in the 19th century. There are assumptions that archbishopric bailiffs already had their court at this point in the 12th century .

Early modern age

Medebach room 1645
Medebach land register from 1830

Medebach was part of the Electoral Cologne Office of Medebach, but as a city it had extensive autonomy . The Drosten of the Office Medebach had to declare in writing after taking over their duties to respect the rights and privileges of the city and protect it.

In 1583 the city joined the Arnsberg state parliament to the elector Gebhard I von Waldburg, who had converted to Protestantism . On his way there he crossed the city on February 14, 1583. At the beginning of 1584 partisans of the Counter Reformation conquered the Duchy of Westphalia . Thereupon, in April 1584, the city paid homage to the new Elector Ernst of Bavaria . The mayor of Winterberg signed on behalf of the city's deputies who were not literate. Recatholization dragged on for decades.

In the early modern period, the city gradually lost its importance due to its remote location. The aftermath of the Thirty Years' War also contributed to this. The city was plundered several times, mainly by Hessian, but also by imperial troops. The inhabitants fled to the surrounding forests several times. In 1636, 1640 and 1643 they fled the city for up to 14 weeks, while it was at the mercy of the soldiers. In 1636 the plague spread among the inhabitants of the forest, claiming 322 victims. In 1644 the place had 228 citizens with full citizenship according to a tax list.

In the 18th century there was a further decline in population. During the Seven Years' War and the Napoleonic era, Medebach suffered considerably from the burdens of war, for the payment of which numerous loans had to be taken out. In 1779 the place had 1,380 inhabitants. It remained characterized by arable-bourgeois structures well into the 19th century .

19th to 21st century

Parish church and town hall after the fire of 1844
View of the city from the south after the fire of 1844

At the beginning of September 1802 the Duchy of Westphalia and with it Medebach was occupied by Hessen-Darmstadt. After Landgrave Ludwig had declared himself the new sovereign on October 6th, he received homage from various representatives from the Medebach office on October 23rd of that year in Medebach. A company of soldiers stayed in the city for more than half a year and was then transferred to Brilon . After the Napoleonic Wars, the Duchy and the city fell to Prussia in 1816 . 1817 was in the Prussian province of Westphalia the county Medebach from office Medebach and Office Fredeburg formed. However, it was dissolved again on January 1, 1819. In 1844 a devastating fire destroyed almost the entire city, including the parish church and town hall, as well as almost all documents and files. The District President of Arnsberg and former Prussian Minister of State Ernst von Bodelschwingh died on a business trip on May 11, 1854 in the city.

In the 1880s, many residents migrated to the Ruhr area cities. The preferred destination was Bochum .

Politically, Medebach has been a community dominated almost exclusively by the Center Party since the Kulturkampf . In the Reichstag election of 1920 , over 92% of voters voted for this party. In the further course of the Weimar Republic , the party lost some of its voters. In the 1928 Reichstag election in Medebach it was not even 70%. In the last halfway free Reichstag elections in March 1933 , the center only got a little more than 53%. In contrast, the NSDAP was stronger with 36.33% in Medebach than in any other municipality in the districts of Arnsberg, Meschede, Brilon and Olpe. It was not until August 1933 that the National Socialists took power in Medebach after the elected city council resigned to forestall compulsory removal from office.

Since the beginning of National Socialist rule, there have also been political and racist repression in Medebach. A boycott of Jewish shops was called for. Anti-Jewish measures also included removing Jews from the lists of members of local associations. As early as October 1938, the Jewish community had to give way to pressure from the authorities and sell the synagogue. During the Reichspogromnacht from November 10th to 11th, 1938, the Jewish house of God was destroyed and numerous houses of Jewish citizens demolished. Large stocks of goods were destroyed. The harassment of the people was even worse. On November 28, the Jewish residents were asked to emigrate or at least to make preparations for it. At this pressure, all Jewish residents left the place until 1939. Many emigrated, others were murdered in the concentration camps. After the Second World War there was no longer any Jewish community in Medebach. Since 2008 a memorial commemorates the murdered Jewish residents.

The city was almost completely spared from the Second World War. However, there was a bomb drop on January 29, 1945 that claimed five lives. On March 29, 1945, US troops with tanks occupied the place without resistance. They then replaced the mayor Beule and appointed the District Court Councilor Wessing as the new mayor. Prisoners of war from the Soviet Union and France were freed and the guards arrested. There was looting by former prisoners from the Soviet Union, but this was ended by US soldiers. On March 29 and 30, motorized units of the US Army drove through Medebach again and again. On April 1st, Germans attacked from Glindfeld . They were commanded by a general who was at Gut Glindfeld. Four German tanks from the direction of Küstelberg reached Medebach. Four American and two German tanks were destroyed in the fighting. The German soldiers, a mixture of the Wehrmacht, Volkssturm and Waffen-SS, reached the city center, but had to withdraw again after heavy losses. There was also heavy fighting in the immediate vicinity of the city. On April 3, Glindfeld was captured by the US Army. The US combat units moved on April 4th and 5th towards Winterberg. The fallen German soldiers were buried in the cemetery in Medebach. Three civilians were also killed in the fighting. On April 24th, 44 civilians from Medebach, including severely disabled people, were deported to prison camps. In May, the British took over the occupation of Medebach. In the Second World War, a total of 419 Medebachers, including 14 civilians, mostly on the Eastern Front , died as soldiers or died in captivity.

After 1945, the city grew by a good 1000 inhabitants due to the influx of refugees. Efforts to locate smaller companies and to improve approaches to tourism initially remained unsuccessful.

Before the municipal reorganization , the Medebach office vigorously opposed the idea of ​​merging with the then still existing offices of Niedersfeld and Hallenberg and the city of Winterberg to form an administrative district based in Winterberg. On July 1, 1969, the city of Medebach and the municipalities of Berge , Deifeld , Dreislar , Düdinghausen , Küstelberg , Medelon , Oberschledorn , Referinghausen and Titmaringhausen, belonging to the Medebach office, became the new city of Medebach.

In the years 1981/1982 almost 500 jobs were lost due to company closings. As a replacement, the city therefore tried to establish a holiday park from 1984 onwards, which finally succeeded after 10 years of intensive efforts, especially by the then city director Heinrich Nolte. The project was funded with state grants for the development costs, by assuming a state guarantee and with an investment grant to private donors. Over 70 plots of land had to be acquired in order to secure the required area of ​​42 hectares. The holiday park with 560 holiday homes, a 240-bed hotel and an attractive central complex with many weather-independent leisure activities was opened in 1994. The total investment was around EUR 150 million. Since it opened, the holiday park has been able to count more than 700,000 overnight stays every year. Medebach thus became one of the most important vacation spots in North Rhine-Westphalia.

From the mid-1990s onwards, 18 businesses with around 600 jobs were established in the Holtischer Weg business park . After the holiday park was established, this created another basis for positive economic development in the city.

In 1994 Medebach hosted the 10th  European Shooting Festival , an event of the European Community of Historical Shooting .

In 2019, Medebach was the host of the Federal Rifle Festival .

With the help of funding programs from the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, extensive urban redevelopment measures (e.g. Junkernhof / Ostwall / Bachstrasse) and the complete redesign of the market square were carried out in the core city between 1982 and 2009. In the nine villages belonging to Medebach, extensive village renewal measures were implemented.

At the turn of the millennium, the town hall on Oberstrasse turned out to be so ailing that an extensive expert report confirmed that it was insufficiently capable of renovation with reasonable means. After several citizen participation, the city council decided to build a new building on a previously inferior property in the city center immediately adjacent to the newly designed market square. After an architectural competition had been carried out, there was heated controversy in the city as to which design should be implemented. A referendum was carried out on this question on August 12, 2007, in which the citizens of the city could choose between four drafts. The design that received the most votes was built in 2008. In 2010 the new town hall was put into operation.

On September 4, 2007, three terrorists were arrested in the Oberschledorn district by a task force of the BKA . According to the investigation, they belonged to the Islamic Jihad Union (IJU) and had planned several attacks on targets in Europe. They became known nationwide as the Sauerland Group .

Religions

St. Peter and Paul Church from the air

The time of the first church building is unclear. A church must have existed as early as 1120, which like the place belonged to the table goods of the Cologne bishop. Bishop Arnold consecrated a church in 1144, presumably today's St. Andrew's Chapel. The patronage rights changed. In 1231 they were with Count Adolf I von Waldeck , who renounced them in favor of the Glindfeld Monastery . The head of the monastery was officially the pastor of the city until secularization and appointed a deputy for pastoral care.

While the neighboring Waldeck was and remained Protestant, Medebach returned to Catholicism after a Protestant phase around 1600 as part of the Electoral Cologne Duchy of Westphalia . This is still reflected in the modern denomination distribution. In 2005 the proportion of the Catholic population was 72%. 16% were Protestants and 12% belonged to other religions or denominations or to no religious community.

For the Catholic faithful there is the pastoral association Medebach with parishes in most of the districts. After the immigration of Protestant residents, a Protestant parish was founded in 1837 .

Population development

The population of the (core) city of Medebach rose slowly in the 19th century from around 1900 to 2500 people, but fell again to below 2000 at the turn of the century. By the middle of the 20th century, the number reached around 3400. Due to the incorporation in 1969, it doubled the population initially rose to over 7,000 and continued to grow. The peak was reached on December 31, 2000 with a population of 8356. Since then there has been a slight decrease.

The values ​​from 1975 onwards come from the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics in North Rhine-Westphalia.

year Residents
1818 1936
1839 1992
1858 2050
1867 2500
1871 2336
1885 2257
year Residents
1895 2058
1905 1992
1925 2243
1933 2384
1939 2444
1951 3400
year Residents
December 31, 1975 7351
December 31, 1980 7149
December 31, 1985 7138
December 31, 1990 7560
December 31, 1995 8200
December 31, 2000 8356
year Residents
December 31, 2005 8210
December 31, 2006 8131
December 31, 2007 8068
December 31, 2011 7923
December 31, 2012 7876
December 31 2013 7857
December 31, 2016 [00]7906

politics

Election of the Medebach City Council in 2014
in percent
 %
70
60
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
63.6
15.1
12.1
8.9
Gains and losses
compared to
 % p
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-10
+7.2
-9.0
+2.4
-0.9

City council

The local election on May 25, 2014 in Medebach led to the result shown on the right and the resulting distribution of seats:

Allocation of seats by the City Council of Medebach 2014–2020
     
A total of 26 seats
Medebach town hall

The composition of the city council of the last five local elections in North Rhine-Westphalia is as follows:

Party / group Seats 2014 % 2014 Seats 2009 % 2009 Seats 2004 % 2004 Seats 1999 Seats 1994
CDU 17th 63.6% 15th 56.4% 16 56.1% 21st 19th
SPD 3 12.1% 3 09.7% 4th 12.5% 5 6th
FDP 2 08.9% 3 09.8% 2 08.8% 2 2
FWG Medebach 4th 15.1% 7th 24.1% 6th 22.6% - -

The "%" columns indicate the respective part of the vote.

mayor

In 1844 Bailiff Hauck was also mayor. After his death, Franz Hellwig was head of the city until 1864. Josef Flamm then followed as mayor until 1894. Fritz Schäfer was mayor until 1916. His successor Josef Schröder was deposed by the National Socialists in 1933. Fritz Weber was head of the village until 1934, replaced by Dr. Dent (until 1945). From 1946 to 1948 Josef Ricken was mayor. Albert Klüppel had been mayor since 1948. Between 1961 and 1975 Fritz Schröder served as honorary mayor. Günter Langen was then honorary mayor until 1998. City director was Gerd Hausmann from 1969 to 1982. Heinrich Nolte was elected as his successor in 1982. After two terms as city director, the City Council of Medebach elected Heinrich Nolte as the city's first full-time mayor in 1998; he was elected by the citizens in two direct elections (1999 and 2004). After the local elections in 2009, Thomas Grosche (CDU) succeeded Heinrich Nolte. In the 2014 local elections he was confirmed in office with 94.72% of the votes. He achieved the highest single result in North Rhine-Westphalia, albeit without opposing candidates.

Bundestag election

Medebach was part of the electoral district 148 Hochsauerlandkreis in the federal elections in 2005 and 2009 . The direct candidates elected were Friedrich Merz in 2005 , and Patrick Sensburg in 2009 and 2017 , both from the CDU. In Medebach Merz achieved 73.0 percent of the votes, Sensburg 51.7% in 2009 and 60.94% in 2017. In the last five federal parliamentary elections, the parties achieved the following results (first votes):

Political party 2017 2013 2009 2005 2002
CDU 60.94% 69.71% 51.7% 73.0% 69.7%
SPD 16.16% 17.48% 26.6% 19.3% 20.9%
FDP 6.81% 1.64% 9.1% 2.9% 5.8%
The green 2.64% 2.66% 5.3% 1.5% 2.4%
The left 2.85% 2.92% 6.2% 2.7% 0.6%
NPD - 1.22% 1.0% 0.6% -
AfD 6.0% - - - -
Others 4.60% 4.37% - - 0.7%

State election

In the 2005 state elections, the CDU in Medebach achieved 73.3% of the vote. The SPD came to 14.7%, the FDP to 6.3%, Alliance 90 / The Greens to 2%. The WASG received 1.5% of the vote. The other parties played no role. Hubert Kleff (CDU) entered the state parliament with a direct mandate; was elected in constituency 125 Hochsauerlandkreis II - Soest III.

In the state elections in 2017, the CDU in Medebach achieved a share of the vote of 68.41%. The SPD came to 11.9%, the FDP to 6.59%, Alliance 90 / The Greens to 1.6%. The left received 1.93% of the vote. The free voters achieved a result of 8.12%. The remaining parties played no role. Matthias Kerkhoff (CDU) entered the state parliament with a direct mandate; was elected in constituency 125 Hochsauerlandkreis II - Soest III.

coat of arms

Medebach coat of arms
Blazon : “Square of red and silver with a continuous black cross; in the first field a silver lily, in the fourth field an upright silver key with a turned-away beard. "
Justification for the coat of arms: The cross indicates that the city was part of Kurköln . The key is the symbol of St. Peter, the city and church patron of the old city of Medebach. The arms of the Augustinian monastery Glindfeld is the heraldic lily taken. It is the same coat of arms that the old town of Medebach has had since 1951 and after the merger with the municipalities of the Medebach office in 1969 . The official approval took place on November 27, 1979. A distinction is to be made between this and the coat of arms that the city and office of Medebach have had since 1912.

Town twinning

Medebach maintains with the French Locminé since 7 June 1992 and the Thuringia Worbis 1,994 since May partnerships .

Culture and sights

Seated Madonna from the 13th century

music

In Medebach there are five choirs or singing societies, three orchestras or marching bands and four general music societies.

Parish church
Half-timbered house in Küstelberg

Buildings

There are several notable churches in the city. The parish church of St. Peter and Paul is one of the largest hall churches in the Archdiocese of Paderborn. The Andreas chapel from 1238, the oldest preserved building in Medebach, is very close by. The parish church of St. Nikolaus in Referinghausen from 1526 houses a Romanesque seated Madonna from the 13th century. She is holding an egg in her right hand. This (pagan) fertility symbol, which can also stand for the virginity of Mary or the resurrection, is unique in a Christian representation of Mary from the Middle Ages. The baroque chapel St. Johannes in Berge dates back to 1696. There you can see pictures of the twelve apostles who were formerly owned by Glindfeld Monastery . The Romanesque hall church in Deifeld dates from the 13th century.

On the so-called holy mountain Kahlen near the former monastery Glindfeld there is a historical way of the cross. The Kahlenkapelle stands on the mountain with a baroque group of crosses on the forecourt.

One of Medebach's numerous half-timbered houses from the 17th and 18th centuries is the Ewers house in Küstelberg from 1748, making it the oldest house in the village. The cookbook author Henriette Davidis was a guest in this house ; here she wrote parts of her famous cookbook and named two dishes after Küstelberg. The Fresen farm in the Titmaringhausen district dates from 1768.

Medebacher bronze shoemaker on the market square

In the summer of 2018, a bronze sculpture was erected on the Medebach market square , which shows a shoemaker at work. The statue is supposed to symbolize a triad of agriculture, handicrafts and trade, which made the city successful and still plays an important role today. The bronze sculpture comes from a bronze foundry near Plein in the Eifel .

Natural monuments

Medebach in the middle of the Medebacher Bay, which is bordered by high peripheral mountains (including Bollerberg ) of the Rothaargebirge

The Medebacher Bay on the border with Hesse differs greatly from the neighboring Rothaar Mountains due to its open landscape, flat hills, low rainfall and a higher average temperature . The area, which is difficult to use for agriculture because of the low rainfall and acidic soils, was largely spared from land consolidations and similar measures. There are pastures, mountain heaths, gorse tops and hedges as habitats for numerous partially threatened animal and plant species. Almost the entire area of ​​the city, with the exception of the buildings, is subject to the strict regulations of the EU's Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive . The protected area is the second largest of its kind in North Rhine-Westphalia . The conflicts that arose with the interests of agriculture led to an agreement between the various interest groups, which became a model for similar projects. The nature conservation measures were implemented in particular by the Hochsauerland Biological Station .

Sports

Medebach sports field
Aqua Mundo

Hiking and climbing are widespread in Medebach through the Rothaarsteig . The District Sports Association of the Hochsauerland offers courses in the sport of Nordic Walking . The main focus is on tourist sports. This also includes cycling, which benefits from the Bike Arena Sauerland . Swimming is possible in the indoor pool and in the center park.

By far the most important association is TuS Medebach. It was founded on November 23, 1919 as a pure gymnastics club. A football department was added in 1920. A high point was the year 1947 when TuS Medebach played against Borussia Dortmund and Schalke 04, among others. They came to Medebach in the countryside to get food. The fairground initially served as a sports field. In 1960 an ash place was built in Medebach, where the football matches could take place. On July 30, 1978, the Hanseatic Stadium, consisting of a grass pitch with a grandstand, was inaugurated. Highlights included the game between the then Bundesliga club MSV Duisburg and the Chinese national soccer team in 1981 . Two years later the Japanese national soccer team played against Arminia Bielefeld in the Hanseatic Stadium. In 2010 the cinder pitch was replaced by a high quality artificial turf pitch.

Museums

Barite museum in Dreislar

The Municipal Museum was set up in a town house from the 18th century on the initiative of the Heimat- und Geschichtsverein in 1989. Archaeological finds and objects from everyday life in the past are shown. The focus is on the change from an arable town to a community that is heavily influenced by tourism.

At the market square there is an exhibition on the fauna-flora-habitat and the European bird sanctuary Medebacher Bucht, designed with the most modern technical means . The exhibition covers the areas of tourism, the natural area of ​​Medebacher Bucht and local economy.

The heavy spar museum in the former school in the district of Dreislar provides information about mining and the minerals found in it.

In the pastor's barn culture store in Düdinghausen there is a historic woodturning workshop that offers an insight into this craft that used to be very common there.

In the center of Oberschledorn there is a permanent art exhibition about the life and work of the Bergenthal family of church painters next to the art cafe and the culture and painting center (KuMa). The collections are of great artistic and art historical value. The Bergenthal family worked in Oberschledorn from 1887 to 1994. The complete work comprises over 3,000 inventory sheets.

Regular events

  • The so-called Promised Festival has been taking place since 1636 . The citizens ask God to spare the city from war, hunger and plague. On the Saturday before the name day of John the Baptist, a procession passes through the city.
  • The carnival in the city of Medebach looks back on more than fifty years of tradition. Every year at carnival time, the carnivalists hold fool's meetings, a carnival ball and a Rose Monday parade. The visitors are greeted with the traditional Medebach Halei carnival greeting. Carnival meetings and parades are also held annually in Medelon and Oberschledorn , and there is also a gentleman's meeting in Medelon.
  • There is also a street painters festival . Shooting festivals are celebrated in all districts . The St. Sebastianus Rifle Brotherhood dates back to 1486. Shooting festivals took place as early as the 16th century.
  • Concerts are organized by the city's cultural ring. Chamber music performances take place at Gut Glindfeld, while organ and choir concerts are performed in the parish church. There are art exhibitions in the Hansesaal.
  • Every Wednesday there is a food market on the market square.

Culinary specialties

A particular specialty of the region is the bone sausage .

Economy and Infrastructure

Economic structure

Center Parc Medebach from the air
Commercial area Holtischer Weg with the Medebach (back) and the Harbecke (bottom right) from the air
Modern building

In many of the villages belonging to the city, agriculture and forestry still dominate the picture. An important branch of the economy is currently tourism, which has developed particularly since the 1960s. Since then, the offer for winter sports enthusiasts has been significantly expanded. A large employer is the former Grand Dorado and today's Center Parc Hochsauerland with around 300 employees. The place also benefits from its location on the Rothaarsteig . In 2005 there were a total of 27 accommodation businesses with a total of over 4,000 beds. In the same year there were almost 770,000 overnight stays. The proportion of foreign guests was over 315,000.

In addition to tourism, the automotive supplier industry, lighting production and mechanical engineering are among the strongest economic factors. The two largest employers in the Holtischer Weg industrial park are Borbet (light metal wheels) and Köster (mechanical engineering) with a total of around 400 jobs.

In 1897 the Ewers stocking factory founded in Küstelberg was relocated to Medebach. Around 1950 there were 400 employees. In the 1970s, the Ewers stocking factory from Medebach came into the possession of the Falke company . Production was stopped at the end of 1981; as a result, around 240 jobs, mostly for women, were lost. The unemployment rate in Medebach rose to almost 20 percent.

From the mid-1980s to the beginning of the 2000s, 18 companies with around 600 jobs were established in the Holtischer Weg industrial park. Together with the opening of the holiday park in 1994 with over 700,000 overnight stays per year, the economic foundations of the city changed decisively for the better. In 1998 the Borbet company, which manufactures light alloy wheels, settled in Medebach.

Of a total of 1938 employees subject to social security contributions, 700 were employed in manufacturing, 360 in trade and 258 in hospitality in 2002.

traffic

Rail transport

Between 1903 and 1953 Medebach was connected to the German railway network via the Steinhelle – Medebach small railway. The city no longer has its own train station. The next train stations are in Willingen , Winterberg , Korbach and Frankenberg .

Road traffic

Medebach can only be reached via state and district roads. The next federal highways can be found in Winterberg ( B 236 and B 480 ), in Korbach ( B 252 ) and in Willingen ( B 251 ). The next motorway junction is about 39 km away on the A 46 in Bestwig . Further motorway connections are at Diemelstadt on the A 44 (49 km) and at Fritzlar on the A 49 (61 km). Regionalverkehr Ruhr-Lippe GmbH has bus connections to Schmallenberg, Brilon, Hallenberg, Korbach, Frankenberg and Willingen. Since 2013, a network of district bus lines has been offered, which are served by an electric bus. The inner-city street layout has changed only insignificantly compared to the cadastral survey of 1830.

media

The local daily newspaper is the Westfalenpost , and the Sauerlandkurier appears on Wednesdays and Sundays . Radio Sauerland can be received as a local radio station .

District court Medebach
Former high school, now a secondary school

Public facilities

The city of Medebach does not have its own hospital; the nearest hospitals are in the neighboring cities of Winterberg , Frankenberg and Korbach . The rescue service can be reached via a secondary guard of the rescue service of the Hochsauerlandkreis. So far the guard has only been manned during the day, since January 1, 2009 there has been a 24-hour manning.

There is a volunteer fire brigade in the city, which consists of a fire fighting train (Medebach) in the center and nine fire fighting groups in the surrounding districts.

The district court of Medebach is one of the smallest institutions of its kind in North Rhine-Westphalia.

education

The city has two kindergartens, a primary school and a secondary school . From 1904 to 2019 the city of Medebach also had a grammar school . In April 2008, a school association with the city of Winterberg was formed for the grammar school .

Telephone prefixes

The city's telephone code is 02982. In contrast, the 02981 in Küstelberg and 05632 in Deifeld, Düdinghausen, Titmaringhausen and Referinghausen.

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

literature

  • Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939–1945 - reports from many employees from all over the district. Josefs-Druckerei, Bigge 1955.
  • Association for the history and antiquity of Westphalia (ed.): The free county of Medebach . In: Journal for patriotic history and antiquity of Westphalia , p. 41 (Google Books) , Volume 26, 1866
  • Anton Grosche: 800 years of the city of Medebach . Medebach 1951.
  • CF Padberg: The diary of Adam Padberg, Küstelberg (1797–1803). A source on the history of the Sauerland in the Electorate of Cologne . Herdecke 1980.
  • Anton Trippe: The coins from Medebach . Klinkhardt u. Biermann, Braunschweig 1967.
  • Carl Haase : The emergence of the Westphalian cities . 4th edition. Munster 1984.
  • Gerhard Schnellen: Church history of the city of Medebach . Home u. Historical Society Medebach, Medebach 1987.
  • Nikolaus Schäfer: The history of the Jewish community in Medebach: From the beginning to the bitter end . Local history and history association Medebach, Medebach 1990.
  • Harm Klueting (ed.): History of the city and office of Medebach: (Hochsauerland) . Medebach 1994.
  • Harm Klueting: "They promote the well-being of the residents in free self-administration through their bodies elected by the citizens". Stations of local self-government since the Middle Ages using the example of the city of Medebach . In: Westphalian magazine . No. 146 . Paderborn 1996, p. 367-391 .
  • Clemens Müller: The communal development of the city of Medebach . In: Yearbook Hochsauerlandkreis . Podszun, Brilon 1998, ISBN 3-86133-183-7 .
  • Andreas Lechtape , Lothar Westerholt: The churches and chapels of the city of Medebach in the Sauerland . Schnell and Steiner, 2004.
  • Heinrich Nolte: A holiday park for Medebach . Self-published, Medebach 2014.

Web links

Commons : Medebach  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

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  2. ^ Area changes from January 1 to December 31, 2012. Federal Statistical Office
  3. Topographical Information Management, Cologne District Government, Department GEObasis NRW ( Notes )
  4. Franz Lotze (editor): Geological Guides Collection, Bd. 39 Sauerland. Edited by Hermann Schmidt and Werner Pleßmann, Berlin 1961.
  5. Topographic map 1: 25,000
  6. State Office for Data Processing and Statistics NRW
  7. Main statute of the Hanseatic city of Medebach of March 25, 2013 including 1st amendment statute of January 25, 2017: § 3 - Division of the municipality into localities (PDF) Retrieved December 8, 2019.
  8. uni-muenster.de: Study “The locust communities of isolated slate peaks in the Medebacher Bucht” (2.1 Natural space and climate)  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 353 kB)@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.uni-muenster.de  
  9. ^ Heinrich Rüther: Local history of the district Brilon . Münster, 1956 pp. 26–31.
  10. Grosche, Medebach , p. 9f.
  11. Clemens Müller: The communal development of the city of Medebach, p. 7.
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  13. Latin document text printed in: Johann Suibert Seibertz : Landes- und Rechtsgeschichte des Herzogtums Westfalen . Second volume: documents from 799 to 1800 . First volume 799-1300. Arnsberg 1839, No. 46, pp. 60f. ( Digitized version ).
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  15. printed in: Johann Suibert Seibertz : Landes- und Rechtsgeschichte des Herzogtums Westfalen . Second volume: documents from 799 to 1800 . First volume 799-1300. Arnsberg 1839, No. 55, p. 73 ( digitized version ).
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  19. ^ Walter Hävernick: The Cologne Pfennig in the 12th and 13th centuries: period of the territorial pfennig coin. Georg Olms Verlag, 1984, p. 71 ( books.google.com ).
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  32. ^ A b Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939–1945 . 1955, section Medebach, pp. 36-38.
  33. Grosche, p. 22 f.
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  35. Weimar Republic. Accessed May 31, 2019 .
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  38. European Community of Historical Shooters
  39. Federal Rifle Festival 2019 in Medebach will be a major organizational event. January 24, 2019, accessed April 25, 2019 .
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  44. LDS NRW (state database)
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  47. https://www.wp.de/staedte/altkreis-brilon/medebacher-cdu-etzt-sich-juenger-und-weiblicher-auf-id228051411.html (subscription required)
  48. Local election results on May 25, 2014
  49. LDS NRW: Local Election Results (September 26, 2004) ( Memento of the original from April 27, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wahlen.lds.nrw.de
  50. LDS NRW: Local election results 1999 and 1994  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.wahlen.lds.nrw.de  
  51. Becoming, growing, working. The Change of Time - District Administrations in the Hochsauerlandkreis 1817–2007 . Arnsberg 2007, p. 239.
  52. NRW election records: the longest-serving, the youngest, the richest percent
  53. Bundestag election 2005 ( Memento of the original from December 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bt-wahl2005.kdvz.de
  54. Election to the German Bundestag - Election to the German Bundestag 2017 in the city of Medebach - overall result. Retrieved February 10, 2018 .
  55. Landtag election 2005 (constituency 125) ( Memento of the original from December 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lt-wahl2005.kdvz.de
  56. State election 2005  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.lt-wahl2005.kdvz.de  
  57. ^ State elections - State elections 2017 in the city of Medebach - overall result. Retrieved February 10, 2018 .
  58. § 2 of the main statute of the city of Medebach (PDF)
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  60. City of Medebach: City partnerships ( Memento of the original from February 14, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.medebach.de
  61. GPS hiking atlas - Küstelberg , Küstelberg - village history
  62. "Medebacher Schuhmacher" is presented to the public. June 15, 2018, accessed June 10, 2020 .
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  66. ^ History of TuS Medebach 1919 e. V.
  67. ^ WP Winterberg: Sports facility is inaugurated in Medebach. September 22, 2010, accessed April 25, 2019 .
  68. KUMA culture and painting center / art exhibition. Retrieved April 1, 2020 .
  69. Andrea: Culture and painting center with art café. January 6, 2016, accessed April 1, 2020 .
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  71. E. Habel: Social Democrats in Medebach - Municipal Policy since 1949. Ed. SPD-Ortsverein Medebach, Medebach 1994, p. 59 ( spd-medebach.de , PDF).
  72. medebach.de: hospitals. ( Memento of the original from March 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Accessed October 28, 2008. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.medebach.de
  73. Current announcement on the website of the city of Medebach, accessed on November 3, 2008.
  74. Westfälische Rundschau of September 23, 2008
  75. We - Secondary School. Retrieved April 25, 2019 .
  76. https://www.wp.de/staedte/altkreis-brilon/gymnasium-in-medebach-bleibt-bis-2018-2019-bestehen-id211300561.html
  77. Founding meeting of the school administration association on April 14th, 2008  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.winterberg.de  
  78. ↑ Brief version of the history (tabular) of Medebach ( Memento of the original from August 19, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.medebach.de
This version was added to the list of articles worth reading on January 21, 2009 .