Upland

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Landscape near Usseln

The Upland ( Low German for Oberland or Hochland ) in the Rothaargebirge is the northeastern part of the otherwise Westphalian Hochsauerland belonging to Hesse in the north Hessian district of Waldeck-Frankenberg ( Germany ). It includes the areas of today's communities Willingen and Diemelsee .

geography

location

The Upland is located in the Diemelsee Nature Park at an average of 500 to 700  m above sea level. NHN . The north-west and south-west are almost entirely forested, while the heartland, the natural upland, is only forested around some peaks like islands.

Natural structure

The historic upland is mainly in the northeast of the Rothaargebirge, to a smaller extent also in the eastern Sauerland mountain range. In addition to the natural upland, it includes in particular about the (northeast) half of the natural area Langenberg, which is named after the highest elevation of the Rothaargebirge, the 843.2  m high Langenberg , and in which several peaks rise over 800  m .

The following natural areas are: T. in the historical Upland (in brackets the parts belonging to the Upland):

geology

The soil of the upland is criss-crossed by Upper Devonian marl, clay slate and sand-lime stone. This combination resulted in good soils for agricultural use. The forests were therefore cleared early on and replaced by hat forests (the East Sauerland "Hochheiden").

mountains

View of the Langenberg

The highest mountain in the Upland is the Langenberg ( 843.2  m ), which is located directly on the border with neighboring North Rhine-Westphalia (and just on the Westphalian side). In contrast, the almost equally high Hegekopf ( 842.9  m ) lies entirely on Hessian territory.

The mountains of the Upland include (including all "eight hundred") sorted by height in meters above sea level (natural areas in italics; mountains on the state border with North Rhine-Westphalia are marked with an asterisk (*)):

Flowing waters

The Rhine-Weser watershed runs through the Langenberg natural area on or beyond the western border of the historic upland, east of which the flowing waters mostly drain to the Diemel and flow off in north to north-east directions (arranged from west to east, headwaters in brackets):

  • Hoppecke ( Langenberg )
  • Itter ( Langenberg )
  • Aarbach ( Langenberg )
  • Diemel ( Inner Upland )
  • Rhene (source on the Vorderupländer ridge , but outside the historic Upland)

The Weser internal watershed between Diemel and Eder runs through the Vorderpländer Ridge in a west-southwest-east-northeast direction , south of which the Neerdar rises in the inner Upland, the upper reaches of which flows through the southeast of the historic Upland.

Localities

The localities of the Upland are Willingen , its districts Usseln , Schwalefeld , Rattlar , Eimelrod , Bömighausen , Hemmighausen , Neerdar and Welleringhausen and some districts of the Diemelsee community .

history

Hunters and gatherers are already around 7000 BC. The discovery of a hand ax near Usseln proves that it was pulled through the Upland. The villages and settlements in the Upland probably originated around 1000 AD. The municipalities of Willingen (1380), Schwalefeld (1333), Usseln (1338) and Rattlar (1168) are first mentioned in a document. In the 15th and 16th centuries, rulership changed from the County of Padberg to the Counts of Waldeck.

Leisure and Tourism

The Upland is known for the international ski jumping on the Mühlenkopfschanze near the Willingen district of Stryck . Popular sports also take place. Cross-country skiing and ski hiking are widespread. The trails are groomed by machine on special routes in order to protect habitats of wild animals and plants that have become rare. In 2007 a snowmaking system was set up.

There are 19 lifts in Willingen , Usseln and Schwalefeld , including a cable car built in 2007 on Ettelsberg .

Over 1.2 million overnight stays with around 10,000 guest beds are counted every year.

traffic

The Uplandbahn and the Bundesstraße 251 cross the Upland in an east-west direction and connect it with Korbach and Brilon .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Geographical Commission for Westphalia: Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe (Hrsg.): Westphalia - Concept and space: Landscapes and landscape names . Aschendorff, Münster 1997, ISBN 3-402-06205-4 ( lwl.org [PDF; accessed June 20, 2020]).
  2. ↑ The natural areas of Hesse and their main units - u. a. Hochsauerland (Rothaargebirge) , at atlas.umwelt.hessen.de
  3. ↑ Martin Bürgener: Geographical Land Survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 111 Arolsen. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1963. →  Online map (PDF; 4.1 MB)
  4. ↑ History - The origins of the Uplanddörfer , on willingen.de ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ↑ Photo book Der Naturpark Diemelsee - Life picture of a recreational landscape - Willingen, Diemelsee, Korbach, Marsberg, Brilon by Horst König and Helmut Schiefner, Wilhelm Bing, Korbach, 1990, ISBN 3870770635

Web links