Küstelberg
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Küstelberg
City of Medebach
Coordinates: 51 ° 13 ′ 27 ″ N , 8 ° 36 ′ 15 ″ E
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| Height : | 666 m |
| Area : | 10.53 km² |
| Residents : | 225 (2017) |
| Population density : | 21 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st July 1969 |
| Postal code : | 59964 |
| Area code : | 02981 |
 Aerial photo (2013)
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Küstelberg is a district of Medebach in the Hochsauerlandkreis , North Rhine-Westphalia ( Germany ) with 225 inhabitants.
Geographical location
Küstelberg is located in the northern part of the Rothaargebirge as the west-northwestern district of Medebach. It lies between the mountains Hillekopf ( 804.9 m above sea level ) in the north, Schlossberg ( 790 m ) in the east-southeast and Großer Höcherkopf ( 764.3 m ) and Reetsberg ( 792.2 m ) in the south and Halle ( 693 , 1 m ) in the west. The town center is located directly north of the church at a height of 666.1 m .
The Orke , which is a western tributary of the Eder (hence a street in Küstelberg is called "Zur Orkequelle"), rises directly on the southern outskirts of the village , on the northeastern outskirts of the Dittelsbach, which is a western tributary of the Wild Aa .
history
In earlier centuries the place was on the ancient Heidenstrasse long-distance trade route from Cologne to Leipzig and beyond. This location has shaped the history of the place significantly. Mentioned for the first time as Kuistelberg in 1177 in a document relating to a donation to the Küstelberg monastery . Later excavations have shown that the monastery stood where the church stands today. After the reconstruction of the remains of the wall, it was a three-aisled basilica with an adjoining cloister and monastery buildings.
In 1298 this monastery, which was last run by the Augustinian nuns , was relocated to Glindfeld , where it was later taken over by the Lords of the Cross.
But even after the relocation of the monastery, Küstelberg retained its importance due to its location on Heidenstrasse . Here in Küstelberg, the path divides into two stretches east and south of the Schlossberg.
In 1320, the residents of Küstelberg were given the privilege of settling their legal affairs before a “Burgericht” from the Westphalian Marshal Robert von Virneburg. Due to the location on the border between the Principality of Waldeck and the Archdiocese of Cologne, feuds and attacks occurred for centuries.
From 1400 traffic on Heidenstrasse increased due to the flourishing of long-distance trade. As a result, Küstelberg developed into a well-known and important resting place for merchants, carters and horses. In addition, there were pre-tensioning services that were performed from here in both directions.
Even after the monastery moved away, the place remained a much-visited place of pilgrimage. Here a miraculous image of the Mother of God was venerated, which later went missing, was rediscovered in 1967, restored and now placed in the church. From the pilgrimages and favored by the location, horse markets developed, which were a magnet for farmers and traders twice a year and existed until 1964. From 1966 a shooting festival is celebrated for this.
From 1500 Küstelberg was desolate for a while. Perhaps it was already partially inhabited, but there was no tithing requirement for the first ten years. The tithes of the Glindfeld monastery are collected from 1513, although other taxes are also collected from Küstelberg before this time. It was not until 1526 that tithes were raised for Küstelberg. The first residents of this period are Ysencheem, de Rebber, Padberg and Harbecke. Four Meyer of the Glindfeld monastery.
1618–1648: The Thirty Years War also hit the local area hard and left deep wounds. But here, too, the location on Heidenstrasse slowly brought trade and business back to the town and thus led to flourishing again.
In particular, the current Hof Ewers - formerly Padberg - was the core of the village and developed into a well-known rest and inn with its own beer and brandy distillery. Henriette Davidis wrote parts of her famous cookbook here in the 19th century .
In 1802 the local area was occupied by the later Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt.
In 1816 the area became part of the Kingdom of Prussia through the change of area decided upon at the Congress of Vienna.
1833: The then Crown Prince of Prussia, Friedrich Wilhelm, celebrated his birthday in the aforementioned Hof Padberg. He was the future King Friedrich Wilhelm IV , who ruled as King of Prussia from 1840 to 1857 and was the predecessor of the future German Emperor Wilhelm I.
From 1850 a new church, new houses and a warehouse for the merchandise were built.
In 1902, the Steinhelle – Medebach small railway , a narrow-gauge railway with a gauge of 0.75 m , was built to improve transport access to the entire region . It is also known for the hairpin in the form of a "Z" that is necessary between Küstelberg and Wissinghausen.
In the last weeks of the Second World War , individual bombs were thrown on the railroad tracks in and near Küstelberg. On March 29, 1945 US tanks reached Küstelberg from the direction of Medebach. White flags hung on the houses. The US soldiers captured the three Wehrmacht guards who were guarding Italians in the village and drove on towards Wissinghausen. German soldiers coming from Winterberg reached the unoccupied place three hours after the US soldiers. On March 30, a group of Volkssturm from Meschede also appeared. Villagers and Italians now had to build anti-tank barriers at Schloßberg. The following day the village had to be evacuated and tanks and guns of the Wehrmacht came into the village. The population moved to the woods north of the Hille. Holy Mass on Easter Day was celebrated there in the forest, while cannons could be heard nearby. A cross in the forest today commemorates the place of mass. When German guns were set up near the forest camp in Hille on the second day of Easter, the residents withdrew into the village. The US troops captured Küstelberg on March 3rd. Eight German soldiers died in these battles and were later buried in the village cemetery. Now German guns shot into the village and damaged numerous buildings, including the church. Heavy fighting took place on April 4th between Küstelberg and Grönebach. A German Panther tank and two assault guns were involved in these battles. On April 7th, a resident died when a hand grenade exploded while cleaning up. In the aftermath there were assaults by former foreign workers who shot Pastor Daub on June 16.
During the Second World War , 13 Küstelbergers, most of them on the Eastern Front , died as soldiers or died in captivity.
In 1952 the railway line is shut down. The old route is still clearly visible in many places.
On July 1, 1969, the previously independent community is merged with the places of the former Medebach office to form the new town.
1983 Winning the gold medal at state level in the competition " Our village should be more beautiful "
Leisure and Tourism
Due to the species-rich mixed stands of the forest owners of the Rothaargebirge, who have been managing sustainably for centuries, around Küstelberg, plenty of cycling and hiking trails have been marked out and carefully marked. The Rothaarsteig , which runs from Brilon to Dillenburg , should be mentioned in particular . Another newly established hiking trail, the Sauerland-Höhenflug , comes from the Hillekopf and leaves Küstelberg in the direction of Rösberg. In the Hopperkopf / Hillekopf massif with its three mountains over 800 meters above sea level, the Waldecker Uplandsteig joins the so-called Dead Man. There are hotels, restaurants and a café in the village. The 500 year old winter linden tree at the former horse market invites you to rest. There are three ski lifts with associated slopes on the Schlossberg .
There is a high ropes course. There is the Reetsberg trail for cross-country skiers. The tourist office and forest management have integrated a cross-country trail that is unique in Germany into the guidance system, which is differentiated according to the level of difficulty, which brings sporty guests closer to the geology, flora and fauna of the Sauerland.
literature
- Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939-1945 - reports from many employees from all over the district. Josefs-Druckerei, Bigge 1955.
- Harm Klueting : History of the city and office of Medebach , Medebach 1994, pp. 638–645.
- Carl-Friedrich Padberg: Küstelberg , Medebach 1975.
Web links
- Küstelberg website
- Küstelberg district
- Elaborations and lectures by the Küstelberg forester's house on the Küstelberg nature
Individual evidence
- ↑ [1] , accessed on April 27, 2019
- ^ Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939-1945 . 1955, section Küstelberg, pp. 108-110.
- ^ Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939-1945 . 1955, honor roll section Küstelberg, p. 211.
- ↑ Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 88 .
Mountains | Deifeld | Dreislar | Düdinghausen | Küstelberg | Medelon | Oberschledorn | Referinghausen | Titmaringhausen