St. Katharinen (Neuenkirchen)
St. Katharinen Neuenkirchen is a Protestant church in the Lower Saxon community of Neuenkirchen in the combined community of Schwaförden .
description
Buildings and equipment
The Romanesque hall church made of brick dates from the middle of the 12th century. It has a semicircular apse .
The presented square plastered west tower was rebuilt from 1788 to 1790. The indented choir is clearly separated from the two-bay nave.
The furnishings of the church - altarpiece , pulpit and crucifix - as well as the oldest part of the three-part wooden gallery , date largely from the 17th century. The chalice-shaped baptismal font , which has received a new shaft, dates from the 13th century.
Frescoes and paintings
Between 1904 and 1910 very remarkable frescoes from the period from the middle of the 13th to the 2nd half of the 15th century were discovered, exposed, restored and supplemented.
In the apse, partially covered by the reredos of the baroque altar, the Maiestas Domini is depicted, surrounded by the symbols of the four evangelists, the human for Matthew, the winged lion for Mark, the winged bull for Luke and the eagle for John. The painting on a blue background was created in 1906/10 from old remains. The remains of the apostles depicted among them have now completely disappeared.
A crescent Madonna has been painted on the arch in front of the choir bay. It is incense by two angels. Presumably the crescent moon Madonna lived here in the 2nd half of the 15th century. a representation of the Last Judgment replaced, as happened more often at that time. A seated figure, harassed by two devils, serves as proof of this. Uncovered behind the pulpit, it is probably the rest of the former hell.
To the right of the Crescent Madonna you can see the crucified on a branch cross. It stands for the tree of life in paradise, which is fused with the cross as arbor vitae, the "wood of life". Under the cross stands Ekklesia as a crowned woman, who in her chalice collects the blood from Jesus' wound on the side. The usual flag is missing in her hand. On the left the synagogue can be seen as a woman who is blindfolded and holds a spear in her hand. Usually it is broken. In the fresco from around 1300, however, it is unharmed. The tablets of the law slip out of her hand, here painted as a book.
A nimbed consecration cross, Latin: crux signata, also known as the Apostle's Cross, has been exposed above the cross. In Catholic churches, 12 crosses on the wall were anointed with chrism oil by the bishop during church consecration. The 12 crosses indicate that the church stands on the foundation of the 12 apostles.
To the left of the window in the north wall, the Archangel Gabriel proclaims the good news of the birth of the Son of God to Mary, who is absorbed in the Holy Scriptures, as God's messenger. The words of the angel are recorded on the tape: “Ave Maria, gratia plena, Dominus tecum; benedicta tu in mulieribus, et benedictus fructus ventris tui: Iesus. ”In German:“ Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with you. You are blessed among women, and blessed is the fruit of your body, Jesus. "
To the right of the window you can see the birth of Jesus: Mary as a virgin with loose hair and Joseph kneel in front of the manger, ox and donkey warm the child with their breath, and the angels above them proclaim the good news: “Gloria in excelsis Deo, et in terra pax hominibius bonae voluntatis. "In German:" Glory to God in the highest and peace on earth to people of good will. "
On the south wall, to the left of the window, the division of the coat of Martin von Tours is indistinctly recognizable, as a figure of a saint from an older painting still appears there. On the right, St. George is fighting the dragon.
The vault crowns, arches, ridges and ribbon ribs are adorned with geometric patterns, stone imitations and various tendril friezes.
literature
- Neuenkirchen Kr. Diepholz. In: Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments . Bremen Lower Saxony. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1992, pp. 970f .; ISBN 3-422-03022-0
- Rolf-Jürgen Grote, Kees van der Ploeg: Wall painting in Lower Saxony, Bremen and in Groningerland , catalog volume, Hanover 2001 pp. 166–167
- Hans Sachs, Ernst Bardstübner, Helga Neumann: Dictionary of Christian Iconography , Regensburg 2004, pp. 114 and 222 ff
Individual evidence
- ↑ Senior building officer Prof. CW Haase dated the year of construction in an acceptance report from November 15, 1865 "around 1150"
Web links
Coordinates: 52 ° 46 ′ 27.4 " N , 8 ° 44 ′ 55.6" E